Objective To analysis the imaging findings of tetralogy of Fallot and related pathological basis. Methods The clinical,pathologic and right ventriculography findings of 124 tetralogy of Fallot which were confirmed by surgery were retrospectively aralyzed. Results 124 tetralogy of Fallot were separated into type Ⅰ 62, Ⅱ 31, Ⅲ 6, Ⅳ 25 by Gray's classification,and slight,midrange,severe stenosis were 71 (0.51～0.6) ,33(0.41～0.5) ,20(<0.4) by Partiole's classcification. As to ventricular septal defect(VSD) ,infra-cristal ventricular septal defect were found in 116/124 in which crista supravcntricalaris appeared as girdle-shaped filling defect in lateral position, suprac-ristal ventricular septal defect were found in 8/124 in which crista supraventricularis appeared as round filling defect in orthophoric position. Conclusions Right ventriculography can precisely display stenosis of pulmary and ventricular septal defect(VSD). It has great valne in diagnosis and surgical therapy of tetralogy of Fallot.

Adult ; Ethylene Dichlorides ; poisoning ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Neurotoxicity Syndromes ; etiology ; pathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of bioactive glass (BG) on the dentin bond strength and the microleakage of hybrid layer. METHODS: In the study, 30 dentin planes were prepared from the third molars with no caries and equally assigned to the control group, BG group, and sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP)-polyacrylic acid (PAA)-BG group (S-P-BG group), randomly. After etched with 35% phosphoric acid, the dentin planes of BG group were pretreated with 0.5 g/L BG, and the dentin planes of S-P-BG group were pretreated with 5% STMP, 5% PAA and 0.5 g/L BG. No additional pretreatment was done to the dentin planes of control group. Then the dentin planes were bonded using 3M Single Bond 2 adhesive to 3M Z350XT composite resin, and cut into 0.9 mm×0.9 mm column samples, which were stored at 37 ℃ artificial saliva (AS). After 24 hours, 1 month, and 3 months, the microtensile bond strength test was performed. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD method. The morphology of the bond fracture interface was observed with scanning electron microscope. Other 27 teeth were collected and the enamel layer and roots cut off, with the pulp chamber exposed. 0.1% rhodamine B was added to the 3M Single Bond 2 adhesive, and then the adhesive was applied to complete the bonding procedures as above. The teeth were stored in 37 ℃ AS for 24 hours, 1 month, 3 months, and then 0.1% sodium fluorescein solution was placed in the chambers and stained for 1 hour. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to observe the interface morphology and microleakage of the hybrid layer. RESULTS: At the end of 24 hours and 1 month, there was no significant difference in the microtensile bond strength among the three groups (P>0.05). After 3 months of soaking, the S-P-BG group [(36.91±7.07) MPa] had significantly higher microtensile bond strength than the control group [(32.73±8.06) MPa] (P=0.026); For the control group and the BG group, the microtensile bond strength significantly decreased at the end of 3 months compared with 24 hours (control group: P=0.017, BG group: P=0.01); The microtensile bond strength of S-P-BG group af the end of 3 months had no significant difference in compared with 24 hours [(37.99±7.98) MPa] (P>0.05). Observation of the fracture surface at the 24 hours showed no obvious mineralization in all the three groups. After 1 and 3 months, mineral formation was observed in BG group and S-P-BG group, and no obvious collagen exposure was observed in S-P-BG group. Confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed no obvious differences in the morphology and quantity of the resin tag in the control group, BG group and S-P-BG group. At the end of 24 hours, leakage was found in all the three groups. The microleakage of the control group increased at the end of 3 months, while the microleakage of the BG and S-P-BG groups decreased. CONCLUSION BG pretreatment of dentin bonding interface can induce mineralization at the bonding interface and reduce the microleakage of the hybrid layer; pretreating the dentin bonding interface with STMP, PAA and BG may enhance the maintaining of the dentin bonding durability.
Dentin ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Glass ; Resin Cements ; Tensile Strength

Cooperation hydrogen production was carried out using Rhodopseudomonas sp. DT and Enterobacter aerogenes. The effects of the initial ratio of Rhodopseudomonas sp. DT and E. aerogenes, culture temperature, and carbon source on the cooperation hydrogen production were investigated. The results suggested that cooperation hydrogen production rate was highly affected by the initial ratio of Rhodopseudomonas sp. DT and E. aerogenes. The mixed bacteria of Rhodopseudomonas sp. DT and E. aerogenes with 1:1 initial ratio benefited to the cooperation hydrogen production, which led the hydrogen production rate and duration of gas production to 3.1 mol H2/mol glucose and 81 h, respectively. The pH dynamics analysis of culture medium further discovered that the pH of the mixed bacteria with 1:1 initial ratio changed from 6 to 7 smaller than other conditions, which was probably fitted to produce hydrogen. Furthermore, the mixed bacteria with 1:1 initial ratio had the higher hydrogen production efficiency at temperatures of 28?C and 37?C than at 20?C, and without any hydrogen production at temperature of 50?C. The carbon sources of glucose, succinate acid, malic acid could be used to produce hydrogen by the mixed bacteria. Even the soluble starch, unused by Rhodopseudomonas sp. DT, was also decomposed by the mixed bacteria to produce hydrogen with the conversion efficiency of 8.22%. The glucose was the optimal carbon resource, and the conversion efficiency could reach to 36.11%. The results, further, implied that the cooperation hydrogen production could enlarge the use of the carbon sources.

Adult ; Eccrine Glands ; pathology ; Female ; Hamartoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Sweat Gland Diseases ; pathology

Objective To explore the relationship between wild rodent plague and human in wild rodent plague foci of the northwestern area in Yunnan to probe the possible transmission mechanism of wild rodent plague to human. Methods Data of component ratio of rodents and fleas was collected in different areas from 1985 - 1995. Activities and habits of residents regarding the way they keep cats and dogs and parasitic fleas and free fleas indoor were investigated, the dog serum was collected for detecting F1 antibody. Results Eothenomys miletus were main rodents in farmland and shrub, accounting for 48.00% (4753/9902) and 54.50% (4282/7857), Apodemus chevrieri were main rodents in garden, being 50.47% (1332/2639). The component ratio of Neopsylla specialis specialis was 13.31%(229/1720), 12.31%(1678/13 739) and 10.87%(957/8802) respectively in garden, farmland and shrub, higher than in indoor. The component ratio of Frantcpsylla spodix was 39.88% (686/1720), the highest in garden. Thirty-two per cent (32/100) of residents kept cats,in which 63% (20/32) with cat fleas, 68% (68/100) of villages kept dogs, in which 76%(52/68) with fleas. Eighteen parasitic fleas were caught from 43 dogs with a flea index of 0.119 and a rate for fleas of 11.63%, 7 pulex were collected from 17 indoor. Forty-three blood serum samples were obtained from dogs, among which 3 were positive blood serum. Conclusions Residents touch affected animals or media in different situations. The possibility of transmission for wild rodent plague to human exists in loci in a chain of wild rodent plague → fleas or predation → homebred animal plague (cats or dogs) →touching or respiratory → human.

AIMTo observe the effects of ouabain and aconitine on APD and ion channels in isolated guinea pig and rat ventricular myocytes; to elucidate the action mechanisms of these two drugs and set up new arrhythmic models on cellular level.

METHODSIn isolated ventricular myocytes of guinea pig and rat, the effects of ouabain and aconitine on APD, ICa-L, Ik, Ito and Ik1 were observed using the whole cell patch clamp technique.

RESULTSOuabain (5 micromol x L(-1)) obviously prolonged the APD90, increased ICa-L, decreased Ik and Ik1 in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Aconitine (1 micromol x L(-1)) lengthened the APD90, increased ICa-L, decreased Ito and increased Ik1 in rat ventricular myocytes.

CONCLUSIONThe targets on ouabain- and aconitine-induced arrhythmias included APD, ICa-L, Ik, Ito, and Ik1. APD, ICaL, Ik and Ito must be the powerful ones, both in arrhythmic and antiarrhythmic courses. The ouabain- and aconitine- induced arrhythmic models on cellular level were built to study the antiarrhythmic mechanisms of chemicals and evaluate new drugs. These two new-type models in vitro were stable, liable, repeatable and economic, which were superior to those typical models in vivo.

Aconitine ; pharmacology ; Action Potentials ; drug effects ; Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Calcium Channels, L-Type ; drug effects ; Cell Separation ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart Ventricles ; pathology ; Male ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; metabolism ; physiology ; Ouabain ; pharmacology ; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo investigate Bartonella infections in small mammalian reservoir hosts from different environments and types of climate in Yunnan.

METHODSFemoral blood samples were collected from the anesthetic captured animals from five counties including three types of climate. All isolates were grown on brain and heart infusion agar plates containing 5% defibrinated rabbit blood. The agar plates were incubated at 35 degrees C in a humidified with 5% CO2 environment for at least 4 weeks. Bartonella-like isolates were confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction and visualizing the target gene fragment by gel electrophoresis.

RESULTSBartonella species were isolated from 69 of 176 small animals including 4 species of 3 genera from 4 counties and the total prevalence in rodents was 39.2%. The maximal prevalence was 42.0% of Rattus tanezumi flavipectus usually inhabiting indoors and courtyard and contacting closely to human. Moreover, Bartonella isolates were obtained from Rattus noruegicus, Eothenomys miletus and Mus pahari. Life environments of captured animals involved indoors, courtyard, brush and forest in mountain.

CONCLUSIONThe finding in this study suggested the characteristic of diversity of Bartonella infections in rodent hosts in southern China included Bartonella species parasiting in a wide range of animal hosts in different environments as well as climate types. Further investigations were needed in different areas in China to confirm more mammalian reservoir hosts with Bartonella infections.

Animals ; Bartonella ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Bartonella Infections ; epidemiology ; veterinary ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Reservoirs ; Mice ; Rats ; microbiology ; Rodent Diseases ; microbiology ; Rodentia ; microbiology ; Species Specificity

Objective To study the effect of hepatocyte growth factor ( HGF) on the action potential duration ( APD) of ventricular myocytes in rat.Methods Myocytes were isolated by collagenase and were randomly divided into control group ( HGF,0 ) and three concentration test groups (5, 10, 50 μg· mL-1 HGF).With isoprenaline ( ISO) as stimulating factor , patch clamp technique was used to record the APD 50 and APD90 in cells incubated by HGF.Results APD in control group were significantly prolonged by ISO.Compared with the control group , the prolongation of APD50 in small, middle and large test groups decreased 1.2%, 42.3% and 49.2%, while the one of APD90 decreased 19%, 41.1% and 48.8%, respectively as the increasing dose of HGF.The effect of HGF against ISO tends to be concentration dependent.Without ISO, APD90 in three test groups were shortened 6.8%, 13.3% and 28.2%respectively by HGF compared with control group , as the similar trend.Conclusion HGF could shorten APD and promote repolarization , which might have the potential to resist the electrical remodeling when cardiac hypertrophy that was helpful to the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.

Cardiac hypertrophy is a common phenomenon in heart disea-ses, ultimately lead to heart failure.Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which is a pleiotropic cytokine.It has been considered as a promising candidate for cardiovascular therapy for several years .This review focus on these molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of HGF targeted in cardiovascular system , and summarizes current research about HGF on cardiac hypertrophy , analyses the potential contribution or adverse effect of HGF on cardiac hypertrophy turns out in different heart diseases.