In this paper, the advances of the treatment for the most common pulmonary mycosis is introduced, and the recommended medications described. It is indicated that amphotericin B is still the first choice for the treatment of severe and rapidly progressive pulmonary mycosis. Lipid formulations of AmB can be used for those refractory or intolerant to the conventional amphotericin B. Fluconazole has proved effective in treating pulmonary candidosis, cryptococosis and coccidioidomysis. Itraconazole has been widely used in the treatment of pulmonary aspergillosis, histoplasmosis ans coccidioidomycosis.

Elderly individuals make up a considerable large part of the breast cancer population.There are many different biological and pathological characteristics for this population as compared with the younger ones.Evidences on the treatment of elder patients with breast cancer are scarce.This article reviews the studies in the treatment and provides suggestions for the care of elder women with breast cancer.

Objective To observe the effect of the reinforcing kidney,nourishing and activating blood on promoting ovulation and improving the endometrium thickness and pregnancy rate in the process of in vitro fertilization-embryo transplantation(IVF-ET).Methods The 63 cases receiving IVF-ET were randomly divided into two groups: the treatment group(n=31) treated with GnRHa/r-FSH/HMG/HCG combined with the herbs of kidney-reinforcing,blood-nourishing and blood-activating in different periods of IVF-ET,and the control group(n=32) with GnRHa/ r-FSH/HMG/HCG alone.The dose of gonadotropin(Gn),endometrium thickness,follicular oocyte number,high-quality oocyte rate,fertilization rate,high-quality embryo rate and pregnancy rate of both groups were observed.Results In the treatment group,Gn dose was significantly lower(P

Objective To study the effects and the therapeutic mechanism of Humulus scandens particles ( HSP ) on the mice with chronic bronchitis ( CB ) . Methods Mice were divided into normal control group, dextromethorphan group or ammonium chloride group, the high-, middle-and low-dose of HSP groups ( These three groups received gavage administration of HSP at 3.00 g??kg-1, 1.50 g??kg-1 and 0.75 g??kg-1,respectively) randomly.The effects of HSP on ammonia-induced cough and trachea phenol red excretion in mice were observed.CB mouse model was established by inhaling smoke and formaldehyde.In total, 60 mice were divided into 6 groups by the method of random digits table: normal control group, model control group, Guilong kechuanning capsule group, the high-, middle-and low-dose HSP groups (n=10 each group).After modeling for 18 days, mice in normal control group and model control group were administered intragastrically with 0. 9% sodium chloride solution. Mice in the high-, middle-and low-dose HSP groups were daily treated with HSP at 3.00, 1.50 and 0.75 g??kg-1 ,respectively, by intragastric administration.Mice in Guilong kechuanning Capsule group were administered with Guilong kechuanning Capsule (600 mg??kg-1), once a day, for 15 days.The tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α) & interleukin-8 ( IL-8) contents in lung tissues of each group were determined. Results By hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, it was found that HSP alleviated the damage of CB in mice.The frequency of cough in 2 min in the normal control group, the high-, middle- and low-dose HSP groups were (17.50±5.38), (11.90±4.46), (12.60±3.47), (9.50±3.24), respectively, and the ecretion of phenol red were (0.52±0.11), (0.65±0.15), (0.64±0.14), (0.67±0.19) μg??mL-1, respectively.The content of TNF-α in lung tissues of the normal control group, model control group,the high dose HSP group was (25.8±6.9), (66.3±11.7), (43.5±7.7) ng??mg-1, respectively.The content of IL-8 in lung tissues of the normal control group, model control group, the high-dose HSP group were (27.1±9.1), (48.2±11.4) and (36.5±8.2) ng??mg-1, respectively.The contents of TNF-α and IL-8 in lung tissues of the model control group were significantly higher than those in normal control group (both P<0.01).Compared with the model control group, high-dose HSP could obviously decrease the contents of TNF-α and IL-8 in lung tissues (P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion HSP can obviously alleviate the pathomorphological changes in mice with CB and has antitussive and expectorant effecs.The therapeutic mechanism of HSP for CB may be related to decreasing the contents of TNF-αand IL-8 in lung tissue.

Objective To develop and verify a multiplex fluorescence quantitative PCR(Taqman probe) method for the detection of telomerase activity.Methods Specific reverse transcription primers,two pairs of quantitative primers and probes were designed for the CDS sequence of telomerase catalytic subunit telomerase reverse transcriptase(TERT).After optimization of the reverse transcription primers(specific reverse transcription primers and random primers) and quantitative primers(two pairs of quantitative primer probes used alone or in combination) in the reaction system,with the primer probe of internal reference gene GAPDH,multiplex fluorescence quantitative PCR was performed in a single tube.In addition,telomerase positive standard and negative standard were prepared with 293T and MRC-5 cells respectively,and the stability and precision of the method were verified.The telomerase activity in 19 normal mesenchymal cell samples and 32 breast cancer cell samples were detected by the developed method.Results The optimum reaction system was as follows:using cDNA synthesized with specific reverse transcription primers as the template,2 pairs of quantitative primer probes of TERT gene were mixed with internal reference gene GAPDH primer probes for multiplex fluorescence quantitative PCR reaction in a single tube.After optimization,the sensitivity and TERT fluorescence signal quantity of the system were greatly improved,and the ΔRn was enhanced by 3 times.The amplification curve of positive standard TERT gene was normal,and the ΔCt between TERT gene and GAPDH gene remained stable.The amplification curve of GAPDH gene in negative standard was normal,while there was no amplification curve of TERT gene.There was a little difference in ΔCt between TERT and GAPDH genes in the positive standard frozen and thawed for 3 and 5 times repeatedly and the positive standard without freezing and thawing,and the CVs of precision in intra-and inter-groups were all less than 1%.Telomerase activity was negative in 19 normal mesenchymal cell samples and positive in 32 breast cancer cell samples,and significant difference in Ct value of TERT gene between them was observed(t=4.236,P <0.001).Conclusion The developed multiplex fluorescence quantitative PCR(Taqman probe) method for the detection of telomerase activity has good stability and precision,which is expected to be used in early diagnosis and gene therapy of tumors.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; complications ; Adult ; Ear Neoplasms ; complications ; Endolymphatic Sac ; pathology ; Facial Paralysis ; etiology ; Humans ; Male

Objective To compare the effects of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH,fragmin) and aspirin versus aspirin alone on transient myocardial ischemia and in-hospital prognosis in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP).Methods A total of 86 patients with UAP were randomized into a group receiving aspirin (ASP group) a group receiving aspirin plus LMWH (fragmin group) for one week.Results The effective rate was 88.37% in the fragmin group and 67.44% in the aspirin group after one week (P

Objective To study the clinical effect of elastic intramedullary nail in the treatment of preschool children limb fractures.Methods Ninety-two 92 cases closed fracture of extremities of preschool children in Children ′s Hospital of Shenyang from July 2014 to February 2016 were selected,and randomly divided into control group and observation group,46 cases in each group.The control group were treated with open reduction and plate fixation treatment,observation group were treated with elastic intramedullary nail treatment.The surgical effect and prognosis index and the incidence of postoperative complications of two groups were compared.Results The operation time,the amount of bleeding,hospitalization time,fracture healing time and loading time of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group((63.57±3.12) min vs.(94.72±6.49) min,(52.43±11.35) ml vs.(134.26±23.50) ml,(6.10±1.44) d vs.(15.83±2.61) d,(8.34±1.13) weeks vs.(12.05±1.62) weeks,(10.85±2.71) weeks vs.(16.94±3.25) weeks,t=29.34,21.29,22.14,12.74,9.76,P<0.01).The incidence of complications in the observation group was 6.52%(3/46),significantly lower than the control group(19.54%(9/46),χ2=5.06,P=0.02).Conclusion The elastic intramedullary nail for treatment of fractures of extremities shaft closed preschool children can guarantee good clinical effect,and has little trauma high quality,healing of fracture,less postoperative complications and easy care,is a kind of efficient treatment technology,can be widely developed in clinic.

Objective To investigate the role of DRP1 and OPA1 in the process of apoptotic in hyperoxia induced lung injury of premature rats .Methods 48 premature Wistar rats were divided into control group in which rats were exposed tO 210 ml .L 1 oxy-en ,and hyperoxia group in which Rats were exposed to 950 mL .L 1 oxyen .The lung tissues of 2 groups were gained on the first day ,the second day and the seventh day with which that all mice were killed by cutting neck .Section of lungs were stained with hea-toxylin eosin to observe the pathological changes ,the protein expression in the lung cells which were linked with the change of plas-tosome ,then the premature rat lung tissue apoptosis in each group were evaluated .Results Compored with the contnx group ,the expression level of OPA1 in the hyperoxia group began to decrease on the first day and apparently decreased to the buttom line on the seventh day .On the other hand ,DRP1 in hyperoxia group began to increase on the first day ,while reached the summit on the seventh day .A few of TUNEL positive cells began to increase with time dependence .A lot of TUNEL positive cells could be found in hyperoxia group ,and the apoptotic index reached the peak on the 7 d .There is a significantly positive correlation between the cell apoptosis and the ratio change of DRP1 and OPA1 in high oxygen group(r=0 .725 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion The classical pathologic characters of lung injury were found out in hyperoxia group ,and it changed obviously with time .

Objective To investigate the correlation of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and serum carbohydrate antigen 724 (CA724) level .Methods 229 patients with HP infection hospitalized in gastroenterology department were enrolled in the observa‐tion group ,and patients were divided into different disease group according to the results of diagnosis .Other 100 healthy people , conducted physical examination ,were enrolled in the healthy control group .The HP infection was detected by 13C‐urea breath test and the serum CA724 level was detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay .Results The HP value and serum CA724 levels in each disease group were higher than those in the healthy control group ,with significant differences(P<0 .05) .The HP value was highest in the duodenal group ,and there was no statistical differences between each disease groups (P>0 .05) ,except the duodenal group .The serum CA724 level was highest in the gastric cancer group ,there was no statistical differences between each disease groups(P>0 .05) ,except the gastric cancer group .The serum CA724 level was positively correlated with HP value in patients with HP infection(r=0 .331 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion HP infection may correlate with serum CA724 level .The serum CA724 level in the gastric cancer group increased more significantly ,in other disease groups increased steadily .Dynamic observation of serum CA724 level in patients with upper gastrointestinal tract disease associated with HP infection could be helpful for early diagnosis and pre‐vention of aggravation of lesions ,and could provide effective diagnosis basis for early detection of upper gastrointestinal tract le‐sions ,such as gastric cancer .