Objective To compare the efficacy of transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS)and spiral computed tomography(SCT)in preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma contrasted with the postoperative pathologic findings.Methods Both TRUS and SCT were performed prior to surgery in 92 patients with rectal carcinoma.After radical operation,the preoperative findings were compared with the histological findings,and the the efficacy of TRUS and SCT in staging the rectal carcinoma were evaluated.Results The accuracy of TRUS for T stage and N stage was 87.0% and 64.1% respectively,while the accuracy of SCT was 68.5% and 66.3%.Conclusions TRUS is superior to SCT for the judgment of tumor infiltration depth,TRUS may become the first choice in preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma.But neither is able to provide satisfaction assessment for lymph node metastases.When both methods are used together,it would be better.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.003

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical efficacy of cutaneous branches of reverse second and third dorsal metacarpal artery fasciocutaneous flaps for repair of distal- and middle-segment finger soft tissue defects. MethodsA total of 14 patients with distal- and middle-segment finger soft tissue defects complicated by exposure of the phalanx or tendon were repaired by using cutaneous branches of second and third dorsal metacarpal artery fasciocutaneous flaps ranging between 2.0 cm × 4.5 cm and 3.0 cm × 7.0 cm.ResuitsAll of the skin flaps survived after surgery.Follow-up data during a 6-40 month period showed that the flaps exhibited a satisfactory appearance.They were not fat or clumsy,with a 2-point discrimination of 59 mm,and there was good recovery of finger function.The donor site was able to be directly sutured without dermoplasty.Pigmented linear surgical streaks appeared in the donor site.Conclusion The cutaneous branches of Second and third dorsal metacarpal artery fasciocutaneous flaps provide a good approach for the repair of distal- and middle-segment finger soft tissue defects and functional reconstruction because of convenient dissection,little trauma,sufficient use of the dorsal metacarpal artery.

Objective To determine whether homocysteine(Hcy)and monosodium glutamate (MSG)could lead to animal model of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and its mechanism. Methods Female adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:pregnant control group(PN), pregnant Hcy group(PH),pregnant glutamic acid group(PG)and pregnant Hcy and glutamie acid group (PHG).The rats of each group were injected with Hey 200 mg/kg or physiological saline every day intraperitoneally and with MSG or 0.9% saline every other day via Hcy injection from the 10th day to the 20th day of pregnancy.The blood pressure,urine protein,function of liver and kidney,weight of placenta, length and weight of fetus were all measured.The histological change of the pallium and the change of behavior of pregnant rats were also observed.Results(1)The blood pressure in PH[(107?8)mm Hg, 1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa],and PHG group [(109?10)mm Hg] after the treatment increased significantly compared with those in other groups from the 12 th day after pregnancy(P

OBJECTIVETo gain stable genetic modification of neural stem cells (NSC) that constitutively secrete brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and to explore the biological role on the survival and neurite outgrowth of cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons.

METHODSBDNF gene fragment from human brain cDNA libraries was obtained by using PCR. With molecular cloning technique, the recombinant stem cell viral vector with report gene was constructed, which is that MSCV-BDNF-IRES(2)-EGFP vector could encode Polycistronic mRNA. Viral particle was packaged by PT67 cell line and infected neural stem cells (mouse clone: C17.2). After selection with cloning cylinder, the expression of BDNF was assessed by immunohistochemistry enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The effects of stable gene-modified neural stem cells on embryonic mouse DRG neurons were evaluated in a dual-chambered cocultivation system at 3th, 10th day.

RESULTSRT-PCR analysis demonstrated expression of mRNA for human-BDNF. ELISA confirmed the presence of secreted BDNF 24 h after transfection and showed that the level of BDNF production by NSC-BDNF transfected C17.2 was at a rate of (14.6 +/- 0.8) ng x d(-1) x 10(-6) cells even after 3 months. With immunohistochemical analysis, compared with the control, the longer neurite outgrowth of cultured DRG cells and the more survival neurons were observed in NSC-BDNF transfected cells group.

CONCLUSIONSBDNF gene could be stably expressed in C17.2 cell line by MSCV, and the BDNF gene-modified NSC markedly enhances the survival and neurite outgrowth of cultured DRG neurons.

Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Ganglia, Spinal ; cytology ; Humans ; Mice ; Neurons ; cytology ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of human alpha-mannosidase Man2c1 transgene on tumor growth and metastasis in mice.

METHODSHepatoma cell H22 or squamous epithelial carcinoma cell S180 was subcutaneously inoculated into the right armpit of mice (wild type mice and 28#, 35#, and 54# transgenic mice). Tumor size was measured every week. Mice were sacrificed on day 9 or 10 and then the tumors were exercised and weighted. Tumors and lungs were fixed in formaldehyde and sectioned. The sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and examined under microscope. The red blood cells in spleen were destroyed by Tris-NH4Cl. Natural killer (NK) cell activity was detected with Yac-1 cell as target.

RESULTSH22 and S180 tumors grew faster in all the three transgenic mice (28#, 35#, and 54#) than in wild type mice. The average size and weight of tumors between the transgenic mice and wild type mice were significantly different (P<0.05). Most tumors in the transgenic mice invaded the surrounding tissues. In contrast, nearly all the tumors in wild type mice were capsulized. Three of 10 28# transgenic mice, 5 of 10 35# transgenic mice, 3 of 10 54# transgenic mice, and 1 of 10 wild type mice showed lung metastasis of H22 tumor. Two of 6 28# transgenic mice, 3 of 6 35# transgenic mice, 1 of 6 54# transgenic mice, and 0 of 6 wild type mice showed lung metastasis of S180 tumor. No difference of NK activity in spleen cells was observed between the transgenic mice and wild type mice.

CONCLUSIONShMan2c1 transgene promotes growth, invasion, and metastasis of transplanted H22 and S180 tumors in mice. hMan2cl transgene does not affect NK activity in splenocytes.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Lung Neoplasms ; secondary ; Mannosidases ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplasms, Experimental ; immunology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Spleen ; immunology ; Transgenes

This study was purposed to investigate the effects of compound Zhe-Bei granule (CZBG) combined with doxorubicin on expressions of P-gp, MRP, LRP in K562/A02 cell xenografts. Tumor xenograft model were established by injecting the multidrug resistant cell line K562/A02 in the axillary flank of BALB/c-nu-nu mice. CZBG-intragastric administration and doxorubicin-intraperitoneal injection in combination were given to the BALB/c-nu nude mice. The tumor xenografts were made into slice after the dissection, and the expression of P-gp, MRP, LRP in K562/A02 tumor xenografts in mice were investigated by immunohistochemical technique. The integral optical density (IOD) of P-gp, MRP, LRP in K562/A02 tumor xenografts were measured by Image Pro Plus 6.0. The results showed that as compared with the doxorubicin alone, the combination of the doxorubicin and CZBG with high, middle and low dosage could decrease IOD of P-gp, MRP in K562/A02 tumor xenografts with statistical significance (p < 0.05). The LRP expression in K562/A02 tumor xenografts was not observed in five groups. It is concluded that the combination of CZBG with doxorubicin decreases the expressions of P-gp, MRP in K562/A02 tumor xenografts of mice.
Animals ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; drug effects ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the antitumor efficacy of Ad-TD-RFP for human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (C666-1) in vitro and in vivo.

METHODSThe oncolytic effects of Ad-TD-RFP and control virus dl11520 on C666-1 cells were determined by cytotoxicity assay (MTS assay). Viral replication of Ad-TD-RFP and dl11520 was detected at different time points (24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h) by tissue culture infective dose (TCID(50)) in C666-1 cells implanted subcutaneously into the flank in each of BALB/c nude mice. The xenografts were injected intratumorally with Ad-TD-RFP or dl1520 to investigate their effects on tumor growth.

RESULTSThe concentration for 50% of maximal effect (EC(50)) values of Ad-TD-RFP and dl1520 were (107.6 ± 3.2) pt/cell and (174.1 ± 4.0) pt/cell, respectively (t = 22.6, P < 0.001). The Ad-TD-RFP replication was 3-14 folds more than dl1520 replication at four time points (24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h) in C666-1 cells (t values were 33.6, 23.4, 20.8 and 17.3, respectively, P < 0.001). The average tumor volumes of PBS group, dl1520 group and Ad-TD-RFP group were (1765.5 ± 713.9) mm(3), (1036.9 ± 623.8) mm(3), and (420.8 ± 238.7) mm(3), respectively (F = 12.0, P < 0.05) on day 67 after treatment.

CONCLUSIONSThe antitumour efficacy of the novel oncolytic adenovirus Ad-TD-RFP for human nasopharyngeal carcinoma C666-1 cells is superior to that of dl1520 in vitro and in vivo. The outcome of this study provides an experimental basis for the treatment of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma by viral gene therapy.

Adenoviridae ; classification ; genetics ; Animals ; Carcinoma ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; therapy ; Oncolytic Virotherapy ; Oncolytic Viruses ; genetics ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

OBJECTIVEPatient with myocardial bridging (MB) usually has a benign prognosis, but some MB patients might experience myocardial ischemia, infarction and sudden cardiac death, especially during active physical activities. The purpose of the study was to study the stress-induced blood flow changes of the mural coronary artery in MB patients determined by intracoronary Doppler.

METHODSIn 8 patients with MB, the basic average peak velocity (bAPV), hyperemic average peak velocity (hAPV) of blood flow, coronary flow reverse (CFR) proximal and distal to the mural coronary artery were measured before and during intravenously dobutamine (10 microg kg-1 min-1, then add 10 microg kg-1 min-1 at 3 min interval till 40 microg kg-1 min-1) by intracoronary Doppler.

RESULTSThe baseline mural coronary diameter reduction was (51.7+/-21.4)% and significantly increased to (90.0+/-12.7)% (P<0.01) during dobutamine infusion. bAPV on the segments proximal and distal to the mural coronary artery significantly increased from (19.83+/-5.84) cm/s and (20.75+/-4.91) cm/s to (31.52+/-10.93) cm/s and (30.46+/-9.01) cm/s (all P<0.05 vs. baseline) respectively post dobutamine infusion. CFR measured at proximal and distal to myocardial bridging also significantly decreased from (2.91+/-0.62) and (2.46+/-0.82) to (2.17+/-0.66) and (1.83+/-0.51) (all P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONStress can significantly increase the compression of intramural coronary artery and reduce CFR on coronary segments both proximal and distal to the MB. Thus, active exercise might induce myocardial ischemia in patients with myocardial bridging.

Blood Flow Velocity ; Cardiotonic Agents ; pharmacology ; Coronary Circulation ; drug effects ; Coronary Vessel Anomalies ; physiopathology ; Coronary Vessels ; drug effects ; Dobutamine ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of obesity on the peak level of luteinizing hormone (LH) in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist test and obesity-related hormones in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP).

METHODSThree hundred and thirty-three girls with CPP who underwent the GnRH agonist test between 2012 and 2014 were classified into three groups: normal weight (n=123), overweight (n=108), and obesity (n=102), according to body mass index (BMI). The sexual development indices were compared between the three groups. Twenty girls were randomly selected from each group for evaluation of the serum levels of leptin, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), neurokinin B, and kisspeptin. The correlation of BMI with the levels of various hormones was assessed using Pearson correlation analysis.

RESULTSThere was no significant difference in mean age at diagnosis between the three groups; however, the bone age was significantly higher in the overweight and obesity groups than in the normal weight group (P<0.05). The peak level of LH in the GnRH agonist test and SHBG level in the normal weight group were significantly higher than those in the overweight and the obesity groups, while the serum levels of leptin and neurokinin B were significantly lower in the normal weight group than in the overweight and the obesity groups (P<0.05). BMI was negatively correlated with the peak level of LH in the GnRH agonist test and SHBG level (P<0.05), and positively correlated with the levels of leptin and neurokinin B (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe effects of BMI on the result of the GnRH agonist test and levels of obesity-related hormones should be taken into account in girls with precocious puberty.

Body Mass Index ; Child ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; agonists ; Humans ; Leptin ; blood ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Neurokinin B ; blood ; Obesity ; blood ; Puberty, Precocious ; blood ; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin ; analysis