Cardiovascular Diseases ; psychology ; Humans ; Life Style

Cerebral ischemic postconditioning refers to conduct a series of intermittent occlusion in order to reduce ischemia-reperfusion injury during the early reperfusion after cerebral ischemia.Because of its good prospects for clinical application,it has attracted widespread attention in recent years.This article reviews the neuroprotective mechanisms of ischemic postconditioning.

Objective: This work studied platelet-neutrophil aggregates (PNA) expression in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods: Our research included in 2 groups: STEMI group, n=40 patients admitted in our hospital and Control group, n=30 normal subjects. Blood levels of PNA, platelet-monocyte aggregates (PMA) and platelet-lymphocyte aggregates (PlyA) were measured by lfow cytometry at admission and the results were compared between 2 groups. Results: Compared with Control group, STEMI group had similar blood levels of PlyA and PMA,P=0.245 andP=0.312; while increased blood level of PNA,P<0.05. Correlation analysis showed that platelet-leukocyte aggregates (PLA) level was positively related to CK-MB (r=0.4992,P<0.01) and cTnI (r=0.4365,P<0.01). Conclusion: Blood level of PLA, especially PNA was significantly higher in STEMI patients which suggested that increased PNA might be sued as a new index for AMI diagnosis in clinical practice.

Objective: To explore the relationship between endogenous estrogen level and myocardial no-reflow after reperfusion in postmenopausal acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. Methods: A total of 100 postmenopausal STEMI patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were enrolled and divided into 2 groups: Reflow group,n=77 and No-reflow group,n=23. Myocardial no-reflow was defined by TIMI≤2 grade or TIMI 3 grade and MBG≤2 grade after PCI. Blood levels of endogenous estrogen were examined before PCI; the relationship between endogenous estrogen level and myocardial no-reflow was assessed by Logistic regression analysis. Results: Compared with Reflow group, No-reflow group showed increased blood levels of estrone, estradiol, high sensitivity C-reaction protein (hs-CRP),P<0.05 and decreased sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG),P<0.05. Univariate analysis indicated that the length of lesion, thrombus score≥4, blood levels of estrone, estradiol and hs-CRP were positively related to no-reflow occurrence,P<0.05. Multi Logistic regression analysis presented that thrombus score≥4 (OR=4.994, 95%CI 1.987-10.518,P=0.035) and estradiol level (OR=4.091, 95% CI 1.105-8.582;P=0.046) were the independent risk factors for no-reflow occurrence. Conclusion: High blood level of endogenous estrogen was positively related to myocardial no-reflow after PCI in postmenopausal STEMI patients, which implied that endogenous estrogen might be the independent risk factor for no-reflow occurrence.

Objective To investigate the mental health status of patients with coronary artery stent implantation. Methods Symptom Checklist (SCL-90) was used to evaluate the mental health conditions of 218 patients after coronary artery stent implantation with man-machine conversation and computer evaluation. Results It was found that 48 cases in excellent mental health, accounting for 22.02%; 56 cases in good mental health condition, accounting for 25.69%; 82 cases in normal mental health condition, accounting for 37.61%; and 32 cases in poor mental health, accounting for 14.68%. In addition to the interpersonal factor, hostility and psychosis factors, the other six factors’overall average score was more than 2. More than 50% of the staff scored greater than 3, and their average positive factors were greater than 43 items in somatization, depression, anxiety and fear. Conclusion The patients after coronary artery stent implantation suffered from many psychological problems.

Objective To compare the biomechanical properties of single-segment and two-segment fusion for Denis type B spinal fracture.Methods Two female patients with Denis type B L1 vertebral fracture were enrolled in this study.The 45-year-old patient (Frankel B) underwent posterior reduction and fixation with pedicle screw system plus anterior two-segment fusion and the 41-year-old patient (Frankel C) underwent posterior reduction and fixation with pedicle screw system plus anterior one-segment fusion.The intervertebral fusion was achieved in both patients 1 year after operation.CT data of the two patients at 1 year after surgery was collected,including data of 41-year-old patient before and after removal of pedicle screws and data of 45-year-old patient without removal of pedicle screws.These three sets of data were imported into the Mimics software to establish T11-L2 three dimensional models.After construction of the models,they were imported into ANSYS software.An axial load (260 N) and 10 Nm torque were loaded to simulate the flexion,extension,lateral bending and rotation of the spine,respectively.Meantime,under above 6 kinds of motion form,the average displacement of the spine and the average Von Mises stress of T11-12 intervertebral disc were recorded and compared.Results There was no significant difference in the average displacement of the spine between two-segment fusion patient and single-segment fusion patient without removal of pedicle screws.However,under all motion forms,the average displacement of the spine of single-segment fusion patient after removal of pedicle screws was significantly higher than that before removal of pedicle screws and that of two-segment fusion patient.The average Von Mises stress of T11-12 intervertebral discs of two-segment fusion patient was significantly higher than that of one-segment fusion patient.Moreover,the average Von Mises stress of T11-12 intervertebral discs of single-segment fusion patient before removal of pedicle screw was higher than that after removal of pedicle screw.Conclusion Under the premise of satisfactory interbody fusion,removal of pedicle screws after one-segment fusion can increase spinal motion,reduce the stress of the adjacent intervertebral discs and delay disc degeneration.

Objective To comprehensively evaluate the effect of health education on intervening iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) in Chinese pupils and housewives,and to provide a basis for prevention and intervention of the disease.Methods A computerized literature search was carried out in Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM),Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),VIP,Wangfang and PubMed to collect articles published from 1997-2012 concerning the effect of education intervention on iodine deficiency disorders (IDD).The study was a self-controlled intervention study.Meta-analyses were performed to assess the knowledge on IDD prevention and behavior changes.Fixed and random effect models were employed to combine results after a heterogeneity test,and rate different(RD) was used as an indicator of the intervention effect.Results A total of 20 controlled before and after studies were included in our meta-analysis.The quality of individual studies was assessed by EPOC,and all studies were grade B.Because the heterogeneity was higher,each knowledge point was stratified analyzed according to the baseline rate.The results showed that the lower the baseline rate,the better the effect of the intervention.The analysis indicated that the RD for the main harm of IDD,the RD for the key measure to prevent IDD,the RD for the meaning of the pattern on the bags,and the RD for knowledge dissemination of IDD were increased by 35％,29％,27％,42％ and 47％,respectively.Conclusion Health education is helpful to Chinese pupils and housewives in improving their IDD related knowledge and their attitudes toward IDD.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of external biplanar mini-fixator and limited internal fixation in treatment of severe midfoot fracture-dislocation.Methods Eight patients with severe midfoot fracture-dislocation were admitted from May 2009 to August 2012.They were 6 men and 2 women,28 to 57 years of age (average,35.4 years).According to the Gustilo classification,there were one type Ⅱand 7 cases of type Ⅲ.Two cases of midfoot fracture were complicated with dislocation of the transverse tarsal joint,4 with dislocation of the tarsometatarsal joint,and 2 with dislocation of both the transverse tarsal joint and the tarsometatarsal joint.The external biplanar mini-fixator was applied to stabilize and maintain lengths of the medial and lateral columns and normal geometry of the foot arch after reduction of the fracture-dislocation.K-wires were used if limited internal fixation was necessary.The external fixator was removed at 12 to 16 weeks postoperatively.The clinical treatment efficacy was assessed by the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) midfoot scale and the visual analogue scale (VAS).Results The patients were followed up for an average of 13.4 months (from 10 to 24 months).Postoperative radiological films showed fine reduction of the fractures and dislocations.No reduction was lost after removal of external and internal fixations.They were able to walk independently and had good functional recovery of the injured feet without traumatic arthritis during the follow-up period.Their average AOFAS scores were 65.8 at 3 months after operation,71.3 at 6 months and 80.6 at 12 months; the average VAS scores were 7.5 at 3 months,4.3 at 6 months,and 1.2 at 12 months,respectively.Conclusion In treatment of severe midfoot fracture-dislocation,external biplanar mini-fixator combined with limited internal fixation can perfectly reconstruct and maintain the medial and lateral columns and normal geometry of the foot arch,preventing functional disability caused by foot malformation.

0.05). Conclusion The rapid paper strip method could be applied as the rapid method for monitoring the fecal colifom group in surface water.

Objective To introduce the clinical significance and pathophysiologic aspects of the circulatory and cardiac complications in terminal stage cirrhosis.Methods Recently relevant literatures were reviewed and summarized.Results Haemodynamic changes in cirrhosis arose on the basis of combined humoral and nervous dysregulation,with abnormalities in cardiovascular regulation,volume distribution and cardiac performance.Conclusion Comprehending the mechanisms of cardiovascular complications will contribute a lot for the treatment of terminal stage cirrhosis.