Objective To investigate the risk factors, clinical and angiographic features of women aged 50 or less with coronary artery disease(CAD). Methods One hundred and seventy-three female CAD patients comifrmed by coronary angiographic aged 50 or less were classiifed as group A, while another 494 non-CAD women aged 50 or less as group B. The differences in CAD risk factors, clinical and angiographic features between the 2 groups were analyzed. Results There were more women with diabetes, positive CAD family history, dyslipidemia or hypertension (especially diastolic hypertension) in group A than in group B. Patient in group A had higher diastolic pressures and serum glucose level than those in group B but both groups had similar body weights, systolic pressures and menopause ages. The serum total cholesterol and triglyceride levels were higher in patients in group A than those in group B while high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apolipoprotein A levels were lower in group A. The low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) and apolipoprotein B were higher in group A than in group B but without signiifcance. There were more women with positive urine protein in group A than in group B. In group A, more than 50%of patients were with single diseased artery while another 15%with slight coronary artery atherosclerosis or even normal arteries. Most of the lesions were found in left anterior descending artery (LAD) and its branches. Conclusions Risk factors of CAD included diabetes, positive CAD family history, dyslipidemia, hypertension(especially diastolic hypertension) and positive urine protein in women aged 50 or less Menopause alone, without other CAD risk factors, would not lead to CAD. Single vessel disease was more commonly found in this group of patients.

In view of the anatomical and physiological barrier of the ocular surface and the intraocular structure, the conventional ophthalmic agents cannot efficiently reach the lesion site.Currently, the different types of nanomaterials possess great advantages in delivering drugs due to their characteristics of small size, easy preparation, degradability, strong targeting and less irritation to biological tissue.As drug delivery carriers, nanomaterials have been widely used in ocular drug delivery so as to treat different types of eye diseases.In this paper, the applications of nanomaterials as drug delivery carriers in treating eye diseases are briefly reviewed.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; secondary ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Vaginal Neoplasms ; secondary

The inhibition activity of 36 flavonoids against CYP1A2 was determined by our previously developed in vitro method. The Comparative Molecular Similarity Indexes Analysis (CoMSJA) approach was used to probe the quantitative relationships between the flavonoids' molecular structural descriptors and their inhibitory activities. A reliable CoMSIA model with the combined electrostatic and hydrophobic fields was derived with the regression coefficient R2 of 0.948 and the cross-validation regression coefficient q2 of 0.630, separately, which is capable of elucidating the quantitative relationship between the 3D structural descriptors of the flavones and their bioactivities. Comparing with flavone, the larger pi-pi conjugated system of alpha-naphthoflavone significantly improved the biologically inhibitory ability. Based on the core structure of the latter, either electropositive substituents or hydrophobic groups at the 6, 3', and 4' ring positions or electronegative counterparts at the 5 ring position, can enhance the inhibitory potency against CYP1 A2 according to the CoMSIA contour maps.
Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 ; metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Microsomes, Liver ; metabolism ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Structure ; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship

Objective To evaluate the changes in the expression of hippocampal long non-coding RNAs ( lncRNAs) and bioinformatics analysis in mice with perioperative neurocognitive disorders ( PND) . Methods Thirty clean-grade male C57BL∕6 mice, aged 12-14 weeks, weighing 25-30 g, were divided into 2 groups (n=15 each) according to the random number table method: control group (group C) and PND group. The model of PND was established by performing open tibial fracture with intramedullary fixa-tion under isoflurane anesthesia in anesthetized mice. The Morris water maze test, open field test and fear conditioning test were performed at 1, 3 and 7 days postoperatively. The animals were sacrificed after the end of behavioral testing on 3 days after operation, the hippocampus was obtained, the high-throughput gene sequencing was performed to identify the differentially expressed lncRNAs, and Gene Ontology func-tional analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signaling pathway analysis were used to ana-lyze the results. Results Compared with group C, the escape latency was significantly prolonged, and the percentage of time spend in the target quadrant and percentage of freezing time in the fear conditioning test were decreased at different time points after operation in group PND ( P<0. 05) . A total of 121 differential-ly expressed lncRNAs were identified, of which 69 were up-regulated and 52 were down-regulated. The Gene Ontology functional analysis showed that there were differences in various biological processes, such as synaptic transmission, cholinergic neurotransmitters, or adiponectin secretion and regulation. The KEGG signaling pathway analysis showed that there were also differences in cholinergic synapses, MAPK signaling pathway, glucagon signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, NOD-like receptors, Toll-like re-ceptors, chemokine signaling pathway and etc. Conclusion There are 121 differentially expressed lncR-NAs in the hippocampus of PND mice, and lncRNAs- and the target gene-related inflammatory responses, synaptic transmission, energy metabolism and etc. may be related to the pathogenesis of PND.

Objective To investigate the effects of Longdan Xiegan Decoction on the expression of Notch signaling-related genes in rats with experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).Methods Totally 24 Lewis rats were randomly divided into normal control group,EAU model group and Longdan Xiegan Decoction treatment group.A rat model of EAU was established in the EAU model group and Longdan Xiegan Decoction treatment group,followed by intragastrical administration of Longdan Xiegan Decoction in the latter group after successful modeling.On day 12 after different treatments,the spleen and lymph nodes were isolated from rats of all the three groups for the collection of CD4 + T ceils,and the levels of both Th17 and Treg cells were analyzed by flow cytometry to calculate the ratio of Th17 to Treg cells.Meanwhile the levels of Notch1,Notch2,Notch3,Notch4 mRNAs expression were monitored by qRT-PCR.Moreover,the expressions of Notch signaling-related proteins were further detected using ELISA technique.Results Flow cytometry showed increased Th17 cell level but decreased Treg cell level in the EAU model group when compared with the normal control group.However,after treatment with Longdan Xiegan Decoction,the Th17 level was decreased,whereas the Treg level was increased,and the ratio of Th17 to Treg gradually restored to equilibrium when compared to EAU model group.qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of Notch1,Notch2 and Notch4 mRNAs in Longdan Xiegan Decoction treatment group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (all P ＜ 0.01),but lower than those in EAU model group on day 12 after treatment (all P ＜ 0.01),without Notch 3 expression in the spleen and lymph nodes.In addition,Notch 1,Notch 2 and Notch 4 protein levels of the spleen and lymph nodes in Longdan Xiegan Decoction treatment group showed the similar tendency as compared to those of Notch 1,Notch 2 and Notch 4 mRNAs (all P ＜ 0.01),and the expression of Notch 3 protein was still not observed.Conclusion Longdan Xiegan Decoction can effectively relieve the imbalance of Th17/Treg cells in EAU rats,and its mechanism may involve the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Th17 and Treg cells,which is regulated by Notch signaling.

Objective To investigate the regulatory roles of rno-miR-30b-5p in the expression of Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 autophagy genes and their expressions in rats with experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).Methods Application of dual luciferase report system was conducted to detect the regulatory roles of rno-miR-30b-5p in Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 gene expression.Lewis rats were randomly divided into control group and EAU group,with 6 rats in each group.Next,rats in EAU group were immunized to establish EAU model.After treatments,Genesis-D fundus camera was used to observe the fundus inflammation every day.After immunization for 12 days,the pathological features of rat ciliary body and retina were detected,and meanwhile,the spleen and lymph nodes in both groups were isolated to detect the expressions of rno-miR-30b-5p,Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 genes by quantitative PCR (Q-PCR);the levels of autophagy related proteins were determined by ELISA.Results Dual luciferase report gene expression assay confirmed that Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 were target genes of rno-miR-30b-5p.Twelve days after immunization,compared with the control group,rats in the EAU group had severe iris adhesions and severe blood vessel swelling,and pathological examination revealed massive infiltration of inflammatory cells in the ciliary body and retina.Furthermore,rno-miR-30b-5p mRNA was 0.46 ±0.01,0.29 ±0.17in the spleen and lymph nodes in EAU group,respectively,which was down-regulated when compared with the control group (P ＜0.01);whereas the expressions of Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 were significantly upregulated,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).ELISA results showed that Atg5,Atg 12 and Becn 1 protein expression levels in the spleen and lymph nodes in EAU rats were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion rno-miR-30b-5p can regulate the expressions of Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 autophagy-related genes.The down-regulation of rno-miR-30b-5p expression in the spleen and lymph nodes in EAU rats can significantly up-regulate the expressions of Atg5,Atg12 and Becn1 genes,thereby regulating the pathogenesis of uveitis.

Objective:To establish the risk prediction models for postoperative delirium (POD) in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery and to evaluate the predictive efficacy.Methods:A total of 685 patients of both sexes, aged 65-90 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status Ⅰ-Ⅳ, who underwent non-cardiac elective surgery requiring tracheal intubation during general anesthesia in general surgery, orthopedics, urology, hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2020, were selected.Patients were assigned to the training set and validation set at a ratio of 7∶3 using a simple random sampling method.The clinical data of patients in the perioperative period were collected, and the patients were followed up within 1-7 days after operation (or before discharge), and the occurrence of POD was recorded.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent risk factors for POD.The risk prediction model for POD was established based on the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis of the training set, a nomogram and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were drawn, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated.The validation set was used to verify the prediction model and assess the efficacy of the risk prediction model for POD.Results:A total of 653 patients were enrolled in this study, 139 patients developed POD, and the incidence was 21.3%.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age, high ASA physical status classification, low preoperative Mini-Mental State Examination score, complication with diabetes mellitus, low years of education, high preoperative Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale score, long anesthesia time and high numerical rating scale score after operation were independent risk factors for POD in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.The risk prediction model for POD was established based on the independent risk factors mentioned above.The AUC of the training set was 0.981, the Youden index was 0.881, the sensitivity was 95.95%, and the specificity was 92.92%; the AUC of the validation set was 0.939, the Youden index was 0.795, the sensitivity was 94.44%, and the specificity was 85.09%.Conclusion:The risk prediction model for POD established based on age, ASA physical status classification, history of diabetes melittus, years of education, preoperative Mini-Mental State Examination score, preoperative Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale score, anesthesia time and postoperative numerical rating scale score has good predictive efficacy in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery.

Objective - To investigate the effect of lung flora dysbiosis on the process of pulmonary fibrosis and lung epithelial （ ） Methods - mesenchymal transition EMT in mice with silicosis. Male C57BL/6 mice of specific pathogen free grade were ， ， ， （ ） randomly divided into the blank control group silicosis model group solvent control group vancomycin VM + ampicillin （ ） ， （ ） （ ） ， AMP group metronidazole MNZ + neomycin NEO group and mixed treatment group 12 mice in each group. Except for ， ， the blank control group which was given 20.0 µL of 0.9% NaCl solution the other five groups of mice were dosed with 20.0 µL of silica dust suspension at a mass concentration of 250.0 g/L using a single tracheal drip to establish the silicosis mouse model. ： The intranasal drip method was used to treat silicosis mice in each group as following mice in the solvent control group were - ； ； given double distilled water mice in the VM+AMP group were given VM at a mass concentration of 0.5 g/L and AMP at 1.0 g/L ； mice in the MNZ+NEO group were given MNZ at a mass concentration of 1.0 g/L and NEO at 1.0 g/L mice in the mixed ， treatment group were given the same doses of the four antibiotics mentioned above all in a drip volume of 50.0 µL. Silicosis ， ， mice were treated seven days and half an hour before silica dusting and 7 14 and 21 days after silica dusting. Mouse lungtissue was collected aseptically 28 days after silica dusting. Hematoxylin eosin and Masson trichrome staining methods were - used to observe the pathological changes. Western blotting was used to detect the relative protein expression of α smooth muscle （ - ）， - （ - ） （ ） actin α SMA E cadherin E CAD and vimentin VIM . Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the relative expression of - - E CAD and VIM. Real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression levels of （Col1a2） Results collagen type Ⅰ alpha 2 mRNA in lung tissues. The histopathological results showed that the alveoli of the ， blank control group were thin and structurally intact with few surrounding infiltrating inflammatory cells and no abnormal ， distribution of collagen fibers. The alveoli of the silicosis model group were structurally disorganized with a large number of ， ， infiltrating inflammatory cells thickened alveolar walls and cellular fibrous nodules with abundant blue collagen deposit. In the ， ， VM+AMP group MNZ+NEO group and the mixed treatment group the inflammation and fibrosis were reduced with diferent degrees in the lung tissues compared to the silicosis model group and the solvent control group. The relative expression levels of - ， Col1a2 α SMA VIM protein and mRNA in lung tissues of mice in the silicosis model group were higher than those in the blank （ P ）， -CAD control group all <0.05 and the relative expression levels of E protein were lower than those in the blank control （P ） - ， Col1a2 group <0.05 . The relative expression levels of α SMA VIM protein and mRNA in lung tissues of mice in the MNZ+ （ P ）， -CAD NEO group and the mixed treatment group were lower all <0.05 and the relative expression levels of E protein were （P ）， Conclusion higher <0.05 when compared with the silicosis model group and the solvent control group. Pulmonary fibrosis ， - was reduced in silicosis mice with interventions in lung flora where anaerobic and gram negative bacteria affected pulmonary fibrosis and dysbiosis of the lung flora affected pulmonary EMT.

The dissociation of virus-like particles of Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) during the adsorption-desorption on the solid-phase of chromatography is a main challenge for its purification. Herein, poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) was applied as an additive during the purification of HBsAg from recombinant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell culture to improve the HBsAg recovery and protect its structural assembly. The presence of 1% of PEG10000 in the mobile phase of ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) of DEAE-Sepharose FF column could increase the recovery of HBsAg from about 55% to 80%, with a similar purification (-fold) (about 12) compared with the absence of PEG. Importantly, glycosylated protein forms of HBsAg were reserved well by PEG-accompanied chromatography. Furthermore, size exclusion chromatography-multiangle laser light scattering (SEC-MALLS) analysis was performed on line to monitor the aggregates, particle size and molecular weight distribution of HBsAg. The results demonstrated that the HBsAg particle size and assembly are more homogenous after adding PEG in the mobile phase of IEC than no PEG added in the mobile phase.
Animals ; CHO Cells ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; methods ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; isolation & purification