Objective: To study clinical pharmacodynamics and efficacy for endotracheal intubation of rocuronium and succinylcholine at different dosage. Method: Sixty adult patients under general anesthesia according to the different drugs and dosage, were randomly divided into four groups. In groupⅠorⅡ,2 or 3?ED_(95) rocuronium were administrated,and in group Ⅲ and Ⅳ, 2 or 3?ED_(95) succinylcholine were given respectively. The course of depression and recovery of twitch response of the adductor pollicis muscle were recorded, and intubating condition were assessed. Result:The intubation condition was excellent in all patients of group Ⅱ,but only in 20％ of group Ⅲ.The degree of twitch at maximal depression was similar between all groups. The lag time and the time of twitch reaching maximal depression were not significantly different between group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ, which were shorter than those of groupⅠ.The times of twitch recovery to 25％ and 95％ of baseline in groupⅠor Ⅳ were significantly longer than in groupⅠor Ⅲ, respectively. Conclusion: 3?ED_(95) rocuronium has similar onset time to 2 or 3?ED_(95) succinylcholine with the excellent intubation condition,but the clinical effective duration is more longer than that of 2?ED_(95) rocuronium.

Cardiac Catheterization ; methods ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Wounds and Injuries ; complications

Aged ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; CD3 Complex ; metabolism ; CD79 Antigens ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Histiocytes ; immunology ; pathology ; Hodgkin Disease ; immunology ; pathology ; Humans ; Leukocyte Common Antigens ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; immunology ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; immunology ; pathology ; Male ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; pathology

Objective To investigate the factors influencing the prevalence of echinococciasis in Gansu Province.Methods With the method of stratified random sampling,all the administrative villages in pastoral areas,half pastoral areas,agriculture and urban areas in the 72 counties in Gansu Province were selected;according to the layers of the population of the county population proportion calculated,the layer investigation numbers were determined,and a total of 16 administrative villages were selected in each county.In the 16 administrative villages,more than 200 people of permanent residents were surveyed in each village (shortage was made up from a nearby village),at least 3 200 people were investigated in a county.By using the combined method of inquiry and field observation,natural factors,such as drinking water,farming and animal husbandry production data were surveyed.All data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0 statistical software.Unauy linear and multiple linear regression analysis of influencing factors and the relationship between the prevalence were analyzed.Results Unary linear regression analysis showed that longitudes,latitudes,altitudes,average annual temperature,annual rainfalls,secondary industries,animal husbandry towns,drinking water sources,the number of epidemic towns,epidemic villages,per capita net incomes in animal husbandry regions,the total number of livestock and the number of sheep were factors influencing the prevalence of echinococciasis (F =4.705,P ＜0.05).Latitude,altitude,animal husbandry towns,the number of epidemic towns,epidemic villages,per capita net incomes in animal husbandry regions,the total number of livestock and the number of sheep and the prevalence of echinococciasis was positively correlated (r =0.282,0.285,0.387,0.508,0.540,0.317,0.475,0.594,all P ＜0.05);longitude,average annual temperature,annual rainfall,secondary industries,drinking water sources and the prevalence of echinococciasis was negatively correlated (r =-0.311,-0.244,-0.244,-0.389,-0.311,all P ＜0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that differences of interactions of annual rainfalls,drinking water sources,epidemic villages,per capita net incomes of herdsmen,secondary industries and the total number of livestock between groups were statistically significant (t =-1.822,-3.920,3.013,1.715,-1.609,3.264,all P ＜0.05).Conclusion The factors influencing the prevalence of echinococciasis in Gansu Province are correlated with annual rainfalls,drinking water sources,epidemic villages,per capita net incomes of herdsmen,secondary industries and the total number of livestock.

Aged, 80 and over ; Aspergillus ; isolation & purification ; Fever of Unknown Origin ; etiology ; Humans ; Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; complications ; microbiology ; pathology ; Length of Stay ; Long-Term Care ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; complications ; pathology ; Male ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; pathology ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; complications ; pathology

Objective To determine whether homocysteine(Hcy)and monosodium glutamate (MSG)could lead to animal model of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy and its mechanism. Methods Female adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:pregnant control group(PN), pregnant Hcy group(PH),pregnant glutamic acid group(PG)and pregnant Hcy and glutamie acid group (PHG).The rats of each group were injected with Hey 200 mg/kg or physiological saline every day intraperitoneally and with MSG or 0.9% saline every other day via Hcy injection from the 10th day to the 20th day of pregnancy.The blood pressure,urine protein,function of liver and kidney,weight of placenta, length and weight of fetus were all measured.The histological change of the pallium and the change of behavior of pregnant rats were also observed.Results(1)The blood pressure in PH[(107?8)mm Hg, 1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa],and PHG group [(109?10)mm Hg] after the treatment increased significantly compared with those in other groups from the 12 th day after pregnancy(P

A.niger M1, the initial strain, was treated by UV and a mutant with 30% higher xylanase activity was obtained. Zymogram for detecting xylanase showed there are three different xylanases in the mutant mature culture, while two xylanases in initial strain. After orthogonal experiment, the optimum fermentation conditions of the mutant were obtained as follows: concentration of the major carbon resource 4 %, ratio between bran and corncob 5:5, concentration of glucose 0.1%, concentration of ammonium oxalate as supplemental nitrogen resource 2.0%, the initial pH of liquid medium 5.0, 100mL/250mL flask.

AIMTo investigate the differences of membrane capacitance, membrane current, current density and I-V curves between smooth muscle cells isolated from RHR and NTR pulmonary arteries.

METHODSUnder antiseptic conditions, the left renal artery was exposed through a retroperitoneal flank incision and carefully dissected free of the left renal vein. A silver clip with an internal diameter of 0.2-0.3 mm was placed around the left renal artery, resulting in partial occlusion of renal perfusion. SBP was observed by tail blood pressure. Whole cell recordings were made from smooth muscle cells freshly isolated from pulmonary arteries derived from RHR or NTR.

RESULTSThe average membrane capacitance was (3.43 +/- 1.16) pF, decreased by 31.1%; membrane current was (0.54 +/- 0.26) nA, decreased by 68.2%; current density was (180 +/- 90) pA/pF, decreased by 48.6%; membrane potential was (-26.96 +/- 7.23) mV, decreased by 2.5%, all compared with that of NTR respectively. Iptakalim hydrochloride at the concentration of 0.1-100 micromol/L can significantly increased NTR potassium currents. Iptakalim hydrochloride 1-100 micromol/L can significantly increased RHR potassium currents.

CONCLUSIONMembrane capacitance, membrane current, membrane potential were decreased, I-V curves were shift downward, compared with that of NTR. Iptakalim hydrochloride might significantly increase NTR and RHR potassium currents.

Animals ; Hypertension, Renal ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Membrane Potentials ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; physiology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; metabolism ; physiology ; Potassium Channels ; metabolism ; physiology ; Pulmonary Artery ; cytology ; metabolism ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo observe pathohistological features of vulnerable plaques in coronary arteries.

METHODSAutopsy coronary samples from 67 patients died of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and 60 patients of non-cardiac death from 1992 to 2006 in Beijing Hospital were examined. Morphological features of vulnerable plaques of ACS cases were evaluated in terms of thrombus, ratio of lipid core, the minimal thickness of fibrous cap and the density of inflammatory infiltration.

RESULTS(1) There are 305 plaques in ACS group and the incidence of big lipid core is 153 (50.16%), thin fibrous cap is 187(61.31%), inflammatory infiltration is 263 (86.23%), neovasculature conformation is 217 (71.15%), severe stenosis is 26 (8.52%), calcification is 238 (78.03%), superficial calcified nodule is 26 (8.52%), fissured plaque is 12 (3.93%), endothelial denudation is 3 (0.98%) and intraplaque hemorrhage is 54 (17.70%), which are significantly higher than control samples except endothelial denudation (P < 0.01). (2) The incidence of vulnerable plaques in ACS group is significantly higher than in the control group (89.51% vs. 21.98%, P < 0.01). There are 4.07 sections of vulnerable plaques with high density of inflammatory infiltration out of 4.55 sections reviewed in ACS patients, while there are 0.85 sections of vulnerable plaques with mild inflammatory infiltration out of 3.87 sections reviewed in the control cases.

CONCLUSIONSFormation of vulnerable plaque was an important pathological factor for the development of ACS. The major morphological characteristics of vulnerable plaque are big lipid core, thin fibrous cap, inflammatory infiltration, neovascularization, severe stenosis, plaque rupture, and endothelial denudation suggesting inflammation performed an important role in the formation of vulnerable plaque.

Acute Coronary Syndrome ; pathology ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; pathology

Objective To investigate expressions of phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK)and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(p-P38MAPK)in psoriasis vulgaris lesions. Methods Tissue specimens were obtained from lesions of 30 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and normal skin of 30 healthy human controls. An immunohistochemical study and Western-blot analysis were performed to measure protein expressions of p-JNK and p-P38MAPK in these skin specimens. Results As the immunohistochemical study showed, the expressions of p-JNK and p-P38MAPK(expressed as the average optical density [AOD]value for targeted proteins)were significantly higher in psoriasis vulgaris lesions than in normal skin tissues (p-JNK: 0.663 ± 0.016 vs. 0.333 ± 0.009, t = 44.869, P < 0.001; p-P38MAPK: 0.436 ± 0.011 vs. 0.306 ± 0.010, t = 21.913, P < 0.001). Western-blot analysis also showed increased protein expressions of p-JNK and p-P38MAPK in psoriasis vulgaris lesions compared with normal skin tissues (t = 20.477, 165.084, respectively, both P <0.05). Conclusion The activation of JNK and P38MAPK may be involved in the overproliferation of epidermal cells in psoriasis vulgaris lesions.