Maize seedlings were cultured in nickel or cadmium contaminated sand treated with α-naphthylacetic acid (NAA). The effects of NAA on nickel and cadmium uptake in roots, shoots, and subcellular fractions (cell wall, nuclei and remained parts of seedling cells) were determined. The data showed growth promotion when NAA was applied at low concentrations and inhibition at high concentrations. Uptake of nickel and cadmium content increased concurrently in roots and shoots. In the subcellular fraction, nickel and cadmium was greatest in the cell wall. The changes in growth had greatest correlation with nickel and cadmium content in the subcellular fraction.

Neuro-ophthalmology,as an interdisciplinary,covers ophthalmology,neurology and neurosurgery.In China,the development of neuro-ophthalmology has just started,therefore how to train neuro-ophthalmological specialists in China is a problen.This paper analyzed the medical education and current situation of neuro-ophthalmology of China and America,discussed the differences between them,and then put forward some problems existing in the neurological ophthalmology physician training and solutions,aiming at improving the specialist physician train program of Neuro-ophthalmology by learing from foreign medical education development experience,and promoting the development of neuro-ophthalmology in China.

Objective To screen the conservative,stable and specific DNA signature sequence in the plasmid of Yersinia pestis.Methods Specific validation trials and stability of the qualification test were carried out to 40 strains of Yersinia pestis,47 strains of non-Yersinia pestis of home and wild types of rodent in Yunnan,by using 32 DNA sequences derived from Yersinia pestis in the plasmid and conventional PCR technology,and Yersinia pestis vaccine strain EV76 as a positive control.Results Four pairs of relatively conservative,stable and specific DNA marker genes were screened:YPMT1.05c,YPMT1.03c,YPMT1.42 and YPMT1.04c.Conclusions The 4 pairs of Yersinia pestis DNA signature sequences can be used for rapid diagnosis of plague.

Objective Using quantitative real-time PCR to establish a rapid specific genetic diagnostic technique for Yersinia pestis.Methods ①Four sets of specific probes and primers were designed,which targeted to chromosome genes of YPO0392,YPO1094,YPO2087 and YPO2090,respectively.②The probes and primers were tested for stability and specificity with 40 strains of Yersinia pestis and 47 strains of non-Yersinia pestis of different sources in Yunnan.③Eight positive DNA in Yulong,Yunnan,were tested with the screened probes and primers.Results ①Two sets probes and primers were selected,they were targeting YPO0392 and YPO1094,respectively.②The results were all positive of the eight positive DNA samples tested.Conclusion Two sets of primers and probes are selected for rapid specific diagnosis of Yersinia pestis.

Objective To observe the formation of biofilms on endotracheal tubes ,and to determine the effect of azithromycin on Haemophilus influenzae in biofilms .Methods One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were intubated with a silicone tube ,80 of them(40 rats were model group and 40 were medicine group) were infected by bacteria to establish the animal models of endotra-cheal tube infections the others were ues as control gruop .Formation of biofilms was detected by scanning electron microscope .Via-ble cells counting was carried out to evaluate the effect of azithromycin orally on biofilms on endotracheal tubes .Results Uneven biofilms were formed on the surface of endotracheal tubes ,and slim bodied of bacteria enclosed by a lot of extracellular matrix .Via-ble cells counting was reduced in medicine group compared with model group .Conclusion Haemophilus influenzae can form bio-films on endotracheal tubes .Azithromycin can exert inhibitory effect on haemophilus influenzae biofilms formed on endotracheal tubes .

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical efficacy differences among warming-promotion acupuncture, regular acupuncture and psychological care for post-earthquake depression.

METHODSNinety cases of post-earthquake depression in Gansu province were randomly divided into a warming-promotion acupuncture group, a regular acupuncture group and a care group, 30 cases in each one. The psychological treatment was applied in the care group; the regular acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1)), Fengchi (GB 20), Shenmen (HT 7), Yang-lingquan (GB 34), Taichong (LR 3) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) was used in the regular acupuncture group; based on the treatment of regular acupuncture group, the warming-promotion acupuncture was applied in the warming-promotion acupuncture group, once a day. Ten days were taken as one course with an interval of two days between two courses. Totally 3 treatment courses were completed. The Hamilton depression (HAMD) scale before and after treatment in each group was observed while the efficacy was analyzed.

RESULTSAll three treatments were effective for depression. The total cured rate was 86.67% (26/30) in the warming-promotion acupuncture group, which was obviously superior to 50.00% (15/30) in the regular acupuncture group (P < 0.01) and 33.33% (10/30) in the care group (P < 0.001). After the treatment, the score of HAMD was all reduced in three groups, in which the effect in warming-promotion acupuncture group was superior to that in the regular acupuncture group and care group (9.02 +/- 2.37 vs 10.73 +/- 2.28 and 11.05 +/- 2.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe warming-promotion acupuncture has positive effect on post-earthquake depression, which has special effect and is worthy of clinical generalization and application.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Depression ; therapy ; Earthquakes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Needles ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the value of prenatal ultrasound in the interrupted aortic arch (IAA), and analyze the reasons of misdiagnosis and improve diagnostic ratio of this kind of defects. Methods Ultrasonic characteristics were analyzed in 16 fetuses with aortic arch anomalies, which were compared with ultrasound image and autopsy results of the normal fetus. The relativity of fetal IAA and abnormal chromosome was also analyzed. Results Among the 16 cases, 15 cases were confirmed by anatomy and the accuracy of ultrasound diagnosis was 94% (15/16), of which one case was serious constriction of aortic arch, one case was error type, three cases were obtained explicit type due to unsatisfactory results of prenatal ultrasound. The coincidence rate of ultrasonic type was 73% (11/15). All of the corrected diagnosed cases were detected with ventricular septal, of which 5 cases were detected with complete endocardial cushion defect, 9 cases were found extra cardiac malformations. Among the 7 karyotype check cases, 3 cases were diagnosed with Trisomy 18, 1 case Trisomy 13, while the rest 3 cases normal. The incidence rate of Trisomy 18 was 43 % (3/7). Conclusions Prenatal ultrasound shows a high accuracy in diagnosing fetal interrupted aortic arch (IAA ), but there’s a need to be improved in explicit typing. It is difficult to identify fetal interrupted aortic arch (IAA) and serious constriction of aortic arch (COA). The incidence rate of Trisomy 18 in the abnormal chromosome of fetal IAA is high.

AIM:To assess changes of tear film function in patients after pterygium excision combined with amniotic membrane transplantation.
METHODS:Totally 126 patients with pterygium excision with amniotic membrane transplantation from January 2011 to November 2013 were entered in the study. The tear breakup time ( BUT) , the Schirmer I test ( SⅠt) and tear ferning test ( TFT ) were elevated in the patients before and after pterygium excision combined with amniotic membrane transplantation. The examnation times were 1d before surgey, 1wk, 1, 2mo after surgery. Operation eyes were studied group, while opposite healthy eyes as control group.
RESULTS: Compared with the control group, BUT and TFT were significantly different in the eyes with pterygium (P<0. 05); However, no obvious difference was detected in the results of SⅠt (P>0. 05). The results of BUT and TFT at 1mo after surgery in study group were significantly better than 1wk (P<0. 05), while no significant difference compared with 2mo (P>0. 05); The tear film stability in the study group at 1wk after surgery was still inferior to the control group (P<0. 05) and there was no significant difference at 1, 2mo after surgery (P all>0. 05). SⅠt results did not differ between the different examination times(P>0. 05).
CONCLUSION:Tear film stability was broken in the eyes with pterygium. Pterygium excision combined with amniotic membrane transplantation can obviously restore the tear film function into normal state, and the tear film function could reach steady-state 1mo after surgery.

In order to study the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, this paper discussed material basis and mechanism from the perspective of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine. Inspired by the phenomenon of turbidity after boiling Chinese medicine, this experiment took Shaoyao Gancao Decoction as the research object to study the formation process of precipitation during boiling. The results showed that aggregates with a certain shape were formed in the solvent during the boiling process, and the precipitate was obtained by standing and centrifuging. Analysis found that the precipitation was mainly composed of small molecules such as paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, isoliquiritin and gallic acid, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide. The composition of precipitate was consistent with that of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction after removing the precipitate was significantly reduced. Based on these results, we isolated small molecular compounds, polysaccharides and protein from Shaoyao Gancao Decoction and their contents are 60.4, 700.7 and 207.2 mg·g^-1 respectively. We get the ratio, polysaccharide: small molecule = 11.6∶1, protein: small molecule = 3.4∶1, the precipitate is prepared in the state of boiling. The characterization results showed that the particle size of the precipitate will change significantly after co-heating, and the content determination results showed that the content of the six small molecular compounds which was free in solvent was significantly reduced after the formation of the precipitate. The acetic acid writhing experiment proved that the precipitate has a good analgesic effect, and effectively reduced the levels of inflammatory factors prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, and increased the level of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10. These results proved that the precipitate in Shaoyao Gancao Decoction is an important material basis for analgesic effect, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide are the main components of the precipitate. The study of macromolecules in the precipitate of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction not only provides new ideas and methods for elucidating the pharmacodynamic material basis of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but also provides a reference for analyzing the scientificity of traditional decoction.

OBJECTIVETo study changes of left ventricular remodeling (LVR) in hypertension patients with carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) of phlegm-dampness syndrome (PDS).

METHODSDoppler ultrasonography data of CAS were observed in 223 hypertension patients with CAS (as the hypertension group, including 119 patients of the PDS group and 104 of the non-PDS group), 81 CAS patients with non-hypertension, and 19 non-hypertension non-CAS patients (as the control group). The difference in the degree of LVR was compared among the above groups.

RESULTSThe left ventricular posterior wall thickness (LVPWT), inter ventricular septum thickness (IVS), E/A were higher in the hypertension group than in the non-hypertension group (P < 0.05). The left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), stroke volume (SV) were higher in the soft plaque hypertension group and the soft plaque non-hypertension group than in the hard plaque group, the thickening intimal group, and the normal intimal group (P < 0.01 , P < 0.05). The LVEDD, LVESD, and SV were higher, and the ejection fraction (EF) was lower in the PDS hypertension group than in the non-PDS hypertension group (all P < 0.05). Of them, LVEDD, LVESD, and SV were higher in the soft plaque group than in the hard plaque group (P < 0.01), the thickening intimal group (P < 0.01) and the normal intimal group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in PDS hypertension between the soft plaque group and the hard plaque group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe hypertension patients with CAS of PDS might be correlated to LVR, and LVR was more obviously in the soft plaque patients.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carotid Artery Diseases ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Ultrasonography ; Ventricular Remodeling