Since local chemotherapy and sustained release chemotherapy have been put forward, a number of sustained-release drug delivery systems have been developed with regard to the releasing effect in vitro and in vivo, as well as the lethal effect on the tumor cells. This study reviews the merit of sustained release chemotherapy and sustained release drug delivery system of malignant bone tumor both in vitro and in vivo.

The pathological changes of hallux valgus are diversity, including adduct of metatarsus primus, increasing of the intermetatarsal angle between the first and second metatarsal bones, increasing of hallux valgus angle, dislocation of sesamoides, lost of soft tissue balancing. X-ray is the most important method to measure the pathological changes of hallux valgus. The multiformity of hallus valgus pathological changes makes manner of repairing variety. The main methods include operation on soft tissue, osseous surgery, fusion of joint and figuration of joints. The selection of the surgical methods should be individualization according to the idiographic pathological changes of hallux valgus patients.

ABSTRACT: "Association of the kidney with the ears" is central to the traditional Chinese medical (TCM) theory of the viscera and their manifestations. Previous studies have shown that thyroxin, aldosterone, calcium and iron might be the material basis of the correlation between the kidney and the ears. Due to restriction in research techniques and methods, there has been no further progress in this research field, whose modern biological mechanisms and scientific connotations have not been explained clearly. In recent years, the progress of biological techniques and research on kidney essence provided promising opportunities for research of the association between the kidney and the ears. This article summarized the study progress of "association of the kidney with the ears" theory and posed some meaningful study thoughts. Presbycusis is a kind of degenerative disease caused by aging, which is one aspect of aging of the human body. Because aging is considered as physiological "kidney deficiency", presbycusis can be regarded as a model of "kidney deficiency" deafness. In conclusion, investigating the correlation between "kidney deficiency" and presbycusis using biotechnology systems combined with "essence of kidney", should provide a sound basis for study of the theory of the relationship between the kidney and the ears. This will provide new and valuable information for the modern biological research about the theory of visceral associations in TCM.

Aged ; Humans ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Presbycusis ; genetics

China ; epidemiology ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; Humans

[Objective]To evaluate the clinical result of Weil osteotomy for refer metatarsalgia in hallux valgus. [Method]Between 2004 and 2005, 25 feet of 17 patients with hallux valgus were treated by osteotomy at the base of the first metatarsal and Weil osteotomy of the lesser metatarsal with metatarsalgia. Weight-bearing anterior-posterior and lateral X ray were taken before the surgery and 6 weeks after surgery on follow up. The hallux valgus angle , the intermetatarsal angle between 1st and 2nd metatarsal, and length of the second metatarsal were measured on the X-ray film. AOFAS system was used to judge the clinical result of the surgery. [Result]The hallux valgus before surgery angle was 32??5.7?,after surgery it was 12.8??3.5?; the intermetatarsal angle between lst and 2nd metatarsal before surgery was 24.2??3.7?,after surgery it was 10.5??0.7?; AOFAS score was 45.6?6.9 before surgery , and 86.9?4.6 after surgery ; significant difference was found between the result. The metatarsal after Weil osteotomy was shorten by 3~8 mm, mean 4.5 mm. After surgery 18 feet had pain free, and 7 feet had a signigicant pain relief . All the patient could return to normal life without other treatment. [Conclusion ] The biomechanical changes in the foot with hallux valgus should be analyzed before surgery . Combined use of base osteotomy at the first metatarsal and Weil osteotomy at lesser metatarsal can get satisfactory clinical result in patients with sever hallux valgus and transferred refer metatarsalgia.

ObjectiveTo analysis the clinical characteristics and the high risk factors of children with cerebral palsy.MethodsClinical data of 100 children with cerebral palsy were retrospectively analyzed.Results51% of children were born with asphyxia, 42% were born prematurely, 39% were low birth body weight. 85.7% of children involved had mental retardation, 12% had hearing loss and 7% had visual impairment. 88% of children involved had abnormal cranial CT results and 46.1% had abnormal EEG. 50.0% of the children had abnormal brain stem auditory evoked potentials.ConclusionAsphyxia, prematurely birth and low birth body weight are high risk factors of cerebral palsy. Most of the children with cerebral palsy in this group are mental retarded.

Objective To explore the exposure condition of DDR, screen -film radiography and the radiation dose to patients, and evaluate value of the DDR system. Methods Five thousand images of DDR and screen-film radiography were selected and then analyzed by three junior radiologists and two senior radiologists. Results 1.The quality of the images was classified into grades A ,B ,C: grade A in 92.8 % , grade B in 7.2 % , grade C in 0% ,waste in 0 % for DDR group and grade A in 40.8% , grade B in 41.7 %,grade C in 15.5 % ,waste in 2% for screen-film radiography group. 2. The required voltage of DDR system raises 3-24kV than screen-film radiography and radiation exposure was increased about 25 % . Conclusions The imaging quality of DDR was obviously higher than the screen -film radiography, but the disadvantage of DDR system was the higher exposure condition required, which increase X-ray radiation dose for patients.

A total of 35 patients with hallus valgus (56 feet) received treatment at the Department of Orthopedics, the Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University between January 2004 and June 2005 and were recruited into this study. These patients underwent osteotomy of proximal first metatarsal and internal fixation with poly (L-lactic acid) (PLLA) absorbable pins. All patients were followed up for 4-22 months. Excellent outcomes were found in 27 patients (44 feet) and good results in 8 patients (12 feet). The mean healing time of surgical region was 6 weeks, nonunion or delayed union was not found. There were 3 cases suffering from complications post surgery. Two of them presented with peripheral wound red swelling, considering as a result of extraneous material-caused aseptic inflammatory reaction. This phenomenon would be regressed 2-4 weeks after hydropathic compress of ethanol gauzes and timely renewal of dressings. There was 1 case who suffered from protrution of absorbable pin 1 week after fixation and received reposition and plaster fixation. Bone displacement and nonunion were not found. This complication maybe results from excessively large bone pore due to shaking of electrodrill, which leads to loosening of absorbable pins.