Objective Angiotensin(AngⅡ)is an important proinflammatory mediator in the cardiovascular system.The present study is aimed at investigating the correlation between ceramide and p53 and apoptosis of human umbilical endothelial cells induced by AngⅡ.Methods Human umbilical endothelial cells were cultured in vitro and treated with AngⅡalone or in combination with Losartan(an in- hibitor of AT1),PD123319(an inhibitor of AT2),FB1(an inhibitor of ceramidase),PFT-?(an inhibitor of p53),respectively.The ap- optosis of cells was detected with TUNEL,and p53 expression at protein and mRNA was assessed with Western blotting and reverse tran- scription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results Compared to AngⅡgroup,PD123319 and FB1 could inhibit endothelial cells ap- optosis induced by AngⅡat 24h;hut Losartan and PFT-?could not.Compared to the control group,no statistical difference existed be- tween PD123319 and FB1,but it did exist between Losartan and PFT-?.FB1 and PFT-?down-regulated the p53 expression at the protein and mRNA levels.Conclusion In the process of apoptosis induced by AngⅡ,AngⅡcan induce the activation of ceramide by binding with AT2.AT2 and Ceramide play a key role in the endothelial cells apoptosis induced by AngⅡ.Ceramide may be situated in the upper stream of p53 and induce the apoptosis by p53 pathway.

Congresses as Topic ; Humans ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures

Camptothecin is known to possess a broad spectrum of anticancer activities, however due to its high toxicity and low solubility in water, camptothecin is severely limited in clinic. To optimize the effects of camptothecin in the treatment of malignancies, besides the structural modification and reconstruction of camptothecin, the establishment of new drug delivery systems becomes a hot topic in the camptothecin research. This paper aims to summarize the advanced progress in the delivery system and function of camptothecin at recent years. The advances in improving the poor solubility, lactone ring instability, controlled release systems and targeting delivery systems of camptothecin are also reviewed. As the related methods and technologies are improved and developed, camptothecin will be a group of prospective anticancer drugs.

Kinematical alignment during total knee arthroplasty is an emerging process, and draws more and more attentions from scholars. Knee joint is close to normal joint after TKA through kinematical alighment, which has good clinical results and functional scores, and not increase failure probility. Thus, it may increase joint stress of patella-femur joint, lead to patellar maltracking and increase abrasion. The paper summarized defination and basical principle, operative method, clinical outcomes and deficiency of kinematical alignment during total knee arthroplasty, in order to choose a better way for kinematical alignment during total knee arthroplasty.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; methods ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Humans

Objective To evaluate regenerative nerve and functional recovery of target muscle in rats with sciatic nerve defect bridged by acellular nerve allograft made through chemical extraction.Methods Sciatic nerve of SD rats was processed in a volume fraction of 3％ Triton X-lO0 solution and 40 g/L sodium deoxycholate solution.Morphology of myelin sheath,axons and basal lamina tubes of sciatic nerve segments was observed under the light microscopy before and after the chemical processing.Twenty-five Wistar rats were divided into acellular nerve allograft group (n =10),autograft group (n =10) and normal control group(n =5) according to the random number table.A 1 cm sciatic nerve defect was created in acellular nerve allograft group and autograft group,and was respectively bridged by acellular nerve allograft and autograft.Sciatic nerve function index (SFI) was measured every two weeks.Twelve weeks after surgery,nerve conduction velocity (NCV),recovery rate of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) and recovery rate of muscle force were measured in each group.Results Cellular components including myelin sheath and axons were removed thoroughly,but the basal lamina tubes were preserved completely.At postoperative 2,4,6,8,10 and 12 weeks,SFI in normal control group (-1.7±5.9,-0.3 ±2.5,0.8 ±4.1,-1.4±3.6,-2.5 ±5.7 and-2.1±3.2) was superior over autograft group (-94.3±3.7,-90.1±4.1,-63.7±7.8,-51.9±8.2,-48.8±8.6 and -44.3 ± 10.5) and acellular nerve allograft group (-97.1 ± 5.3,-91.2 ± 6.1,-70.6 ± 5.5,-60.4±6.2,-58.2 ±10.2 and-56.4 ±8.0) (P ＜0.01).At postoperative 6,8,10 and 12 weeks,SFI in autograft group were better than those in acellular nerve allograft group (P ＜0.05).NCV [(61.6 ± 8.1) m/s],recovery rate of CMAP[(98.7 ± 5.9) ％] and recovery rate of muscle force [(101.8 ± 6.6) ％] in normal control group were higher than those in acellular nerve allograft group [(22.3 ± 4.7) m/s,(40.3 ± 9.2) ％ and (43.8 ± 9.3) ％] and those in autograft group [(29.0 ±5.5) m/s,(52.5 ± 10.6) ％ and (54.3 ± 10.5) ％] (P ＜ 0.01).NCV,recovery rate of CMAP and recovery rate of muscle force in autograft group were better than those in acellular nerve allograft group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Acellular nerve segments are harvested satisfactorily by chemical extraction.Sciatic nerve defect in rats can be cured with the acellular nerve allograft,but the repair effect of autograft is relatively better.

Objective To investigate the expressions of Pokemon and c-myc in colorectal cancer,colorectal adenomas and normal colorectal mucosa tissues,and demonstrate its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.Methods The specimens were taken from colorectal cancer tissue of 86 patients,colorectal adenomas tissue of 60 patients,and 40 normal colorectal mucosa tissue.The expressions of Pokemon and c-myc protein were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the expressions of Pokemon and c-myc gene were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The correlation between the expressions of Pokemon and c-myc,and clinicopathological features was analyzed.Results The positive expression rates of Pokemon and c-myc protein in colorectal cancer tissue were significantly higher than those in colorectal adenomas tissue and normal colorectal mucosa tissue:69.8％ (60/86) vs.13.3％ (8/60) and 5.0％ (2/40),73.3％ (63/86) vs.15.0％ (9/60) and 2.5％(1/40),and the expression levels of Pokemon and c-myc gene in colorectal cancer tissue were significantly higher than those in colorectal adenomas tissue and normal colorectal mucosa tissue:0.915 ±0.247 vs.0.358 ±0.102 and 0.277 ±0.085,1.272 ±0.360 vs.0.398 ± 0.153 and 0.255 ±0.097,there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05).The expression levels of Pokemon and c-myc gene in colorectal cancer tissue had a close correlation with the degree of infiltration,histological differentiation,lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis and Dukes stage,there were statistical differences (P ＜ 0.05),but had no correlation with the sex,age,and tumor diameter (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The expression levels of Pokemon and c-myc are higher in colorectal cancer tissue,and the expressions are related to the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer.The expression levels of Pokemon and c-myc may predict the prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.

Objective To study the effect of Bi-level positive airway pressure (BiPAP) on hemodynamics in patients with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) combined coronary heart disease.Methods One hundred patients with COPD combined coronary heart disease treated by BiPAP ventilation were enrolled.The blood gas analysis and the hemodynamics were monitored and analyzed in patients with the COPD combined coronary heart disease before treatment and after BiPAP ventilation treatment for 2 hours,24 hours,72 hours and 1 week.Results PaCO2 decreased significantly after 2-hour's treatment by BiPAP ventilation( P ＜ 0.05) and the heart rate and systolic blood pressure also decreased significantly after 24-hour's treatment by BiPAP ventilation.The left ventricurlar ejection fraction( [ 65.63 ± 6.86 ] ％ vs.[ 56.21 ±5.26]％,P ＜ 0.05 )was significantly improved after BiPAP reatilation treatment for one week.The mean pulmonary arterial pressure ( [ 3.74 ± 0.96 ] vs [ 5.12 ± 1.12 ] kPa,P ＜ 0.01 ),angina pectoris ( [ 0.20 ± 0.01 ]time/d vs [ 0.69 ± 0.03 ] time/d,P ＜ 0.05 ) were significantly decreased.Conclusion COPD combined coronary heart disease patients may achieve an optimal effect by BiPAP ventilation.BiPAP ventilation has no impact on the hemodynamics in patients with the COPD combined coronary heart disease.

Objective To detect the changes in the expression of discoidin domain receptor 2(DDR2)and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 in different stages of cartilage and synovium damage of osteoarthritis rats.The relation between DDR2 and the degree of cartilage damage was explored.Methods Modified papain knee joint injection approach was adopted to establish animal model of OA.The expression and distribution of protein of DDR2 and MMP-13 were checked in articular cartilage and synovium at different stages of OA.Results The expressions of DDR2 in articular cartilage and synovium of experimental groups were different from those of the normal group (P＜0.01).They were higher in cartilage than those in the corresponding synovium.The expressions of MMP-13 demonstrated the same characteristics with those of DDR2,r=0.93(P＜0.01).Conclusions The important role of DDR2-MMP-13 in cartilage damage has been proven in the pathogenic process of OA.The upregulated expressions of DDR2 in articular cartilage and synovium have a detrimental effect on cartilage degeneration.

The region of about 4.0 kb upstream of Spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpltNPV) chiA gene was sequenced, in which six open reading frames(ORF1～6) were found. These ORFs are 156, 297, 540, 369, 1281, and 228 nucleotides long, encoding the proteins of 51, 98, 179, 122, 426, and 75 amino acids with the molecular weight of 6.15 kD, 11.46 kD, 21.70 kD, 14.69 kD, 47.59 kD, and 9.09 kD respectively. One early promoter motif CAGT in ORF1 and ORF3, two early promoter motifs CAGT in ORF2, one late promoter motif TAAG in ORF4 and two late promoter motifs TAAG in ORF5 were found in 5′noncoding regions of these ORFs. The polyadenylation signals, AATAAA, are located downstream of the translation stop codon of ORF1, ORF4 and ORF5. ORF4 is the homologous gene of AcMNPV ORF53, BmNPV ORF42, OpMNPV ORF56 and LdMNPV ORF54. Compared with all genes from baculoviruses, ORF1, ORF2 and ORF6 have no homologous genes. It is suggested that ORF1, ORF2 and ORF6 may be three novel baculovirus genes.

AIM: To investigate the intervention effect of astragaloside on adhesion of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) and vascular endothelial cells and on expression of nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (hUVECs) injured by hypoxia/reoxygenation due to ischemia/reperfusion. METHODS: The experiment was performed at the Cell Bioengineering Laboratory of Institute of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University from September 2005 to May 2006. ①Neonatal umbilical cords were offered by Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, with informed consent of puerperant and their families. The experiment was accorded with ethical standard of Helsinki declaration. ②The hUVECs were cultured to the future passage. After the third passage, hUVECs were randomly divided into three groups. Cells in a control group were cultured under normal conditions; Cells in a hypoxia/reoxygenation group were cultured under in closed container with hypoxia for 1 hour, and then under normal conditions for 1 hour; The hUVECs in a astragaloside group were pretreatment by different doses of astragaloside (20, 40, 80 mg/L). After 12 hours, hUVECs suffered from hypoxia/reoxygenation. ③The concentration of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in supernatant were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and thiobarbituric acid method. Expression of NF-?B of hUVECs was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. PMN adhesion to hUVECs was measured by rose Bengal staining. RESULTS: ①Compared to the control group, the content of MDA remarkably increased in hypoxia/reoxygenation group (P