砄bjectives:To observe the difference of programmed cell death (PCD) and the expression of related gene p 53 in the development of normal palate and in the formation of cleft palate.Methods:The model of the development of cleft palat was estabished with retinoid acid (80 mg?kg 1 for each pregnant mouse). The palate samples were obtained at GD13 14 (at 13rd day 14 hours of prenancy),13 22 ,14 8,14 14 ,14 33 ,15 8,15 22 and 16 8 respectively.PCD was detected with TUNEL staining,while the mRNA transcription of p 53 was observed by in situ hybridization.Rssults:In early development of palate process,the positive index of PCD in the cleft palate samples was significantly higher than that in the normal ( P 0.05) between the two groups.Conclusion:The proliferation of mesenchymal cells of the early developmental palate process may be inhibited due to the abnomal PCD in the formation of cleft palate.The mechanism of PCD in this study may be a p 53 independed pathway.

Animals ; Asthma ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Respiratory Function Tests ; instrumentation

Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy of two different administration routes of insulin administra?tion on juvenile type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) complicated with diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA). Methods A total of 223 cases of juvenile T1DM was included in this study, among which 98 were complicated with DKA. Insulin was delivered through either continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion(CSII) by insulin pump or via multiple subcutaneous insulin injec?tion (MSII). Recovery period of blood glucose, insulin doses that were adminstrated, the urinary ketone bodies clearance time, the recovering time from DKA and the frequency of hypoglycemia incidence were all compared between these two routes. Results Both CSII and MSII routes reversed blood glucose and DKA effectively. However the recovering time of blood glucose and DKA, insulin dosage,the urinary ketone bodies clearance time and the frequency of hypoglycemia inci?dence all improved better or quicker in CSII than in MSII. Conclusion CSII by insulin pump is safer and more effective than MSII in the treatment of junvenile T1DM with metabolic disturbance and diabetic ketoacidosis.

Objective To investigate metformin combined with insulin aspart 30 injection (NovoMix 30) in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children and adolescents. Methods A total of 126 T1DM children over 10 years of age were randomly divided into insulin group (A) and insulin + metformin group (B). A group (n=60) was given insulin aspart 30 injection (insulin aspart 30), and B group (n=66) was given the metformin and insulin aspart 30 injection (NovoMix 30). Results The two groups can effectively control blood glucose, but the B group in the blood glucose control time, insulin dosage, the incidence of hypoglycemia, fasting blood glucose and hospitalization time were better than those of A group. There was no significant difference in liver and kidney function before and after oral administration of metformin in B group (P>0.05). Conclusion Metformin combined with insulin is effective and safe in the treatment of children with T1DM.

Objective To investigate HIV infection via sex in Xinjiang,in order to provide guidance for the formulation of strategy to control and prevent sexual transmission of HIV.Methods Vistiors to 15 STD clinics in 5 cities of Xinjiang were asked to take blood and to be tested for HIV and RPR.At the same time,medical workers carried out the designed investigation.Result A total of 2 499 STD outpatients were investigated,among whom 28 samples were confirmed to be HIV positive and 145 samples were RPR positive;the infection rate was 1.12% and 5.80%,respectively,with male being 0.97% and female being 1.37% in the positive samples.The Han nationality had 8 HIV positive samples,and the Uygur nationality had 20 positive samples,with the positive rate being 0.44% and 3.49%,respectively.The Han nationality had 66 and the uygur had 79 in RPR positive samples,the positive rate being 3.66% and 13.79%,respectively.In 212 cases of syphilis 4 samples were HIV positive,the infection rate being 1.89%;in 420 cases of GU 10 samples were HIV positive,the infection rate being 2.38%.Our behavioral surveys found that those who 100% used condoms in their sex activities were free of HIV infection,while those who never used condoms had a high ratee of infection,up to 2.77%.Conclusion Sex transmission is becoming an important route of spreading HIV infection in Xinjiang,and therefore it is essential to strengthen serological and behavioral surveillance for high risk population and implement effective interventions for them.

Objective To study metabolism of polyunsantured fatty acid (PUFA) and to investigate the relationship between different PUFA compositions and △6 desaturase (D6D) activity in colorectal carcinoma (CRC).Methods Fresh frozen malignant CRC tissues were obtained from 61 patients and blood samples were detected in 38 patients.The PUFA composition in these samples was determined by gas-liquid chromatography on a capillary column.The fatty acid product-to-precursor ratios in blood and tissue as estimates of desaturase activity (D6D activity index),and its relationship with the ratios between different PUFA compositions were investigated.Results Metabolism of ω-6 PUFA dominated in PUFA metabolism path.The ratio of ω-6/ω-3 PUFA was 4.89 in blood samples and 10.15 in tissues.The ratio of LA/ALA was 101.92 in blood samples and 86.16 in tissues.The ratio of ω-6/ω-3 LC-PUFA was 2.86 in blood samples and 4.51 in tissues.The D6D activity index in ω-6 PUFA metabolic processes both in tissues (t =1 1.609,P =0.00) and blood samples (t =-9.151,P =0.00) were higher than that in ω-3 PUFA.Conclusion In colorectal carcinoma,the ω-6 PUFA metabolic not only plays an important role in the metabolism of PUFA,but also is more active than the ω-3 PUFA metabolic,and in some way links to the development of tumorigenesis in CRC.

Animals ; Calcium ; analysis ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Motilin ; pharmacology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the effects of cold preservation and reperfusion injury on the regen-eration of donor liver and to study the mechanisms. Methods Male SD rats were divided in to sham group (6 rats), UW 1 h group (48 rats) and UW 12 h group (48 rats). Liver tissue specimens were collected at different time points after orthotopic liver transplantation or sham operation. The morphology of liver tissue was observed via light microscope and transmission electron microscope. Proliferation of hepatocytes and sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) were assessed by a double immunostaining technique using antibodies against rat endothelial cell antigen-1 and bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors, fins-like tyrosine kinase-1 (flt-1) and fetal liver kinase-1 (flk-1) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression of flt-1 was detected by a RT-PCR method. Mean comparison in groups was conducted by one-way ANOVA or t test. Results BrdU labeling indexes of hepatocytes and SECs in UW 12 h group was significantly higher than those in UW 1 h group (F = 61.45,41.4, P < 0.05). The proliferation of hepatocytes peaked at 48 h after operation in both UW 1 h group and UW 12 h group. However, the proliferation of SECs was fallen behind compared to hepatocytes, with a peak appeared at 72 h in UW 1 h group and at 96 h in UW 12 h group, respec-tively. The expression of VEGF was up-regulated in both UW 1 h group and UW 12 h group compared to sham group. Furthermore, expression of flt-1 and flk-1 was found to be mainly limited in SECs, with a peak in expres-sion occurring between 72 h and 96 h, coinciding with the peak in SECs proliferation in UW 1 h group. Conversely, flt-1 was found to be reduced significantly on mRNA level at any time throughout the experiment in UW 12 h group compared to sham group (F = 141.67, P < 0.05). Conclusion Reduced expression of flt-1 results in a retarded regeneration of SECs, and then the recovery of rat donor liver function is delayed after cold-preserved transplantation.

Melanin is formed by oxidative polymerization of phenolic compounds,basically different kinds of melanin come from different organisms.DOPA melanin and DHN melanin have same physical and chemical characters although they have different biosynthetic pathway.DHN melanin is common in plant fungi and plays an important role on infection.The melanin accumulates in the fungal cell walls and prevents organic and inorganic molecules penetrating out,that insures appressorium's pressure and infection ability.This paper has reviewed the kinds and characters,especially discussed the role of melanin during pathogen infection based on our some research.

From the perspective of compound type,the bioactive metobolites from Gliocladium are reviewed,and the research advancement in future are proposed.