We found that the number of institutions made use of the undocumented in vitro diagnostic reagent in the survey. The phenomenon poses some risks and problems. In use this paper, we analyzed the situation and the reasons for the use of the undocumented in vitro diagnostic reagents, and put forward the corresponding measures.
Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; standards

Cardiovascular Diseases ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Public Health Practice

Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; immunology ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; immunology ; Viruses ; genetics ; immunology

This study aimed at evaluating the quality of the precise powder decoction pieces (PPDP) of L.japonicae Flos (LJF) compared with the traditional commercial slices with chemical fingerprint methods and DNA molecular identification technology.Different specifications of PPDP were prepared,their dry extract contents were in contrast with that of commercial slices.The three batches of commercial slices were collected,and the content uniformity,fingerprint and similarity evaluation before and after the mixing and pulverization were studied by HPLC-DAD and DNA sequence alignment.As a result,the paste rate of PPDP was slightly higher than that of the traditional commercial slices.The dissolution of chlorogenic acid of PPDP was higher than that of the traditional commercial slices.RSD of inter-assay dissolutions of chlorogenic acid of commercial slices was 11.93％,which was reduced to 8.29％ after mixing and preparing into PPDP.The fingerprint showed that the slimilarity of the fringerprint of the mixed and powdered LJF was elevated with 7 common peaks.All the common peaks were increased at different levels.In conclusion,compared with traditional commercial slices of LJF,PPDP apparently improved the dissolution rate and the quality uniformity,indicating that the boiled powder of CRP obviously presented vantages in clinic.

Objective To investigate the factors implicated in the outcomes of patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA).Methods During a 5-year period,65 patients with IPA met the criteria set by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG)in 2008 were retrospectively evaluated. The initial CT findings of eligible patients were reviewed by two senior radiologists who specialized in chest radiology.Patients were divided into the survivor (n =43 ) and non-survivor (n =22) groups according to their survival as long as 3 months after the diagnosis of IPA was made.An initial univariate analysis was used to screen variables that were related to prognosis,followed by a multivariate logistic regression analysis to examine these variables. Results Of the 65 IPA patients analyzed,23 (35％) had a proven diagnosis and 42 (65％) were probable ones.The univariate analysis showed that the rates of extra-pulmonary infection,uncontrolled underlying diseases and invasive mechanical ventilation were significantly different between the 3-month survival group and the non-survival group ( P ＜0.05,respectively),whereas chest CT findings,including air-space consolidation/massive consolidation,macronodules,infarct-like macronodules,halo signs, ground-glass opacities,small nodules,hypodense signs,cavities,crescent signs,small-airway findings,bronchial wall thickening/bronchiectasis,pleural effusion and hydro-pericardium, were not significantly different between the two groups (P ＞ O.05,respectively).Logistic regression analysis revealed that an uncontrolled underlying disease was the only independent predictor of 3-month mortality in patients with IPA (P =0.001,OR:O.024,95 ％ CI:O.003 ～0.223,B =- 3.714,SE =1.129,Wald =10.821 ). Conclusions An uncontrolled co-morbidity was the only independent predictor of mortality within 3 months in patients with IPA.The initial CT findings did not confer any informatioin of implication in predicting the outcomes of IPA patients.

Objective To study the indications for extubation of percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage(PTGD).Methods Between January 2009 and December 2013,PTGD were performed on 104 patients with acute cholecystitis.The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.Results PTGD were performed on all 104 patients successfully.In all the patients,after drainage the abdominal pain was relieved within 0.5 to 8 hours and mean time was(2.3 ± 1.9) h.The temperature decreased to normal in 1 days after drainage.The time of drainage was from 7 to 49 days,(22.4 ± 10.3) days on average.Thirteen patients'tubes were accidentally off during 3 to 12 days,5 patients were performed PTGD again,and 8 patients were given anti-infection,fluid infusion and other symptomatic treatments and all these patients were back to normal in time.Re-intubation rate was 4.8％.In 78 patients laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) were performed 1 to 2 months after PTGD.Operation time was between 35 to 95 min and mean time was(52.7 ± 15.0) min.There were 6 patients done open operation and the conservation rate was 7.7％.A mount of blood during LC was 30 to 150 mL,(61.7 ± 31.0) mL on average.No operative deaths occurred during therapeutic session.Conclusions Patients who formed PTGD obey the indications can extubate in time and reduce retrograde infection and skin irritation,also shorten the time during hospital's,which will have a positive impact about LC.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in the clinical efficacy on premature ovarian failure (POF) between the acupoint catgut implantation combined with artifical periodic therapy and the simple artificial periodic therapy and explore its effect mechanism.

METHODSSixty-five patients of POF were randomized into the two groups. In a western medication group, 32 cases were treated with the artificial periodic therapy with the oral administration of medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets. In a catgut implantation + western medication group, 33 cases were treated with the acupoint catgut implantation combined with artificial periodic therapy. The acupoints of Neiguan (PC 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) were selected. The treatment was lasted for half a year and the follow-up visit was for another half a year in the two groups. Kupperman index was used to assess the improvements in the clinical symptoms. The levels of serum sexual hormones such as follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol (E2) were evaluated of the patients in the two groups before and after treatment. The efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe scores of the clinical symptoms were all significantly improved after treatment and in the follow-up in the two groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). In the 6-month follow-up visit after treatment, the result in the catgut implantation + western medication group was better than that in the western medication group (8.17 +/- 1.19 vs 13.68 +/- 1.08, P < 0.01). FSH was reduced after treatment in the two groups (all P < 0.01) and E2 was increased (all P < 0.05). The curative and remarkably effective rates were 75.8% (25/33) and 81.8% (27/22) after treatment and in the follow-up visit in the catgut implantation + western medication group, which were better than 67.9% (19/28) and 53.6% (15/28) in the western medication group separately (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe acupoint catgut implantation combined with artificial periodic therapy achieve the remarkable improvements in the clinical symptoms of POF in the patients and the better results as compared with the simple western medication therapy. The combined therapys efficacy is stable and the long-term efficacy is apparently superior. The effect mechanism is related to the improvements in the serum sexual hormone levels.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Catgut ; utilization ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; metabolism ; Humans ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency ; metabolism ; therapy ; Prostheses and Implants ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

It is a common view that the integration of Chinese medicine (CM) and modern Western medicine is an efficient way to facilitate the development of CM. Integrative medicine is a kind of complex interventions. Scientific therapeutic evaluation plays a crucial role in making integrative medicine universally acknowledged. However, the modern method of clinical study, which is based on the concept of evidence-based medicine, mostly focuses on the population characteristics and single interventional factor. As a result, it is difficult for this method to totally adapt to the clinical features of CM and integrative medicine as complex interventions. One possible way to solve this issue is to improve and integrate with the existing method and to utilize the evaluation model on complex interventions from abroad. As an interdisciplinary technique, data mining involves database technology, artificial intelligence, machine learning, statistics, neural network and some other latest technologies, and has been widely used in the field of CM. Therefore, the application of data mining in the therapeutic evaluation of integrative medicine has broad prospects.
Information Storage and Retrieval ; Integrative Medicine

This study investigated the influence of silencing TRAF6 with shRNA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 signaling pathway in vitro. Four plasmids (pGCsi-TRAF6-shRNA1, 2, 3, 4) containing different shRNA sequences were designed and synthesized. The proliferation of RAW264.7 cells after transfected with these plasmids was measured by MTT assay. Inflammatory cellular models were established by LPS stimulation. Levels of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta and TGF-beta1 in the supernatants, mRNA expressions of TRAF6, IL-6 and COX-2, protein expression of TRAF6 and translocation of NF-kappaB were assayed by ELISA, real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The results showed that the TRAF6 gene knockdown by RNAi hardly inhibited the proliferation of RAW264.7 cells within 72 h. The mRNA and protein expression of TRAF6 was lower in the TRAF6-shRNA1, 2 groups than in the TRAF6-shRNA3, 4 groups. Therefore, pGCsi-TRAF6-shRNA1, 2 were selected for the subsequent experiments. Our results still showed that pGCsi-TRAF6-shRNA1, 2 could significantly reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators including TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-6 and COX-2, and inhibit NF-kappaB nuclear translocation. Moreover, pGCsi-TRAF6-shRNA1, 2 could suppress the release of TGF-beta1 at the protein level. It was concluded that the recombinant plasmid pTRAF6-shRNA can, to some extent, inhibit inflammatory response stimulated by LPS at the initial phase. TRAF6 may become the potential therapeutic target of many inflammation-related diseases.

Objective To explore the DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of rats exposed to sodium arsenite. Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats, weighing 180 - 200 g, equal male and female, were randomly divided into 4 groups, 8 in each group. Sodium arsenite 0(control) ,0.05,0.15,0.45 mg/L were given through drinking water for 30 days. Body weight and drinking water consumption were measured every day. Blood were collected and DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes was examined by single cell gel electrophoresis.Results The increase of body mass[( 121.00 ± 38.57), ( 120.62 ± 42.80), ( 125.38 ± 48.68)g]and water intake [(36.9 ± 6.2), (37.9 ± 5.8), (39.3 ± 4.2)ml/d]in 0.05,0.15,0.45 mg/L sodium arsenite groups were compared with the control group[( 119.25 ± 47.27)g, (38.4 ± 5.1 )ml/d], and the difference were not significant (F = 0.040,0.828, all P ＞ 0.05). The tail ratios[46.25%(185/400) ,57.00%(228/400),64.00%(256/400)], tail lengths [(32.89 ± 17.18), (58.74 ± 36.28), (77.55 ± 35.73 ) μm]and tail moments [(6.29 ± 3.74), ( 11.20 ± 9.64),(17.30 ± 12.60)μm]in 0.05,0.15,0.45 mg/L sodium arsenite groups were significantly higher than those of the control group[39.25%(157/400), (18.73 ± 15.83),(2.61 ± 1.05)μm, all P ＜ 0.01], and the tail ratios,tail lengths and tail moments in lymphocytes increased with increased doses of arsenic concentration. Conclusions Low doses of arsenic exposure can induce DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of rats.