Objective To use self-efficacy theory to intervene patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),and assess its efficacy on the self management level of COPD patients.Methods 106 COPD patients hospitalized in the respiratory department of a certain hospital from October 2011 to April 2012 were randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group.Each group consisted of 53 patients.Two groups of patients received routine respiratory treatment and nursing.But patients in the intervention group were also systematically intervened under the guidance of Bandura self-efficacy theory.The self-management level of both groups of patients were assessed before the treatment and six weeks after the treatment respectively.Results The self-management level of the intervention group were significantly better than that of the control group after intervention.Conclusions Self-efficacy theory can improve the self-management level of patients with COPD.

Objective To report deep venous thrombosis (DVT) after greater saphenous vein ligation and stripping and to evaluate diagnosis,treatment and prophylaxis. Methods The clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of 12 inpatients with postoperative DVT were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of these 12 cases there were 7 cases of central type DVT,2 cases of peripheral DVT,and 3 cases of mixed type DVT.Secondary pulmonary embolism was complicated in 2 cases.Clinical symptoms in these 10 cases of proximal DVT were all severe.Catheter-directed thrombolysis(CDT) through the ipsilateral popliteal vein with protective(IV)CF was applied for these 10 cases.Of 10 cases,femoral vein was found ligated in 1 case,which was repaired under open surgery. Residual greater saphenous vein thrombus extending into deep vein was proved and managed by successful thrombolectomy in one case.Cockett syndrome were found as the causes in the other 8 cases,6 cases were treated with balloon dilatation angioplasty and endovascular stenting of the iliac vein.The 2 cases of with distal DVT were treated by anticoagulation therapy.All patients were cured. Conclusions Cockett syndrome,femoral vein injury and too long residual greater saphenous vein are common causes of DVT after greater saphenous vein ligation and tripping.Careful selection of cases,correct diagnosis,standard operative manipulation,early ambulation were all important in the prevention of DVT after great saphenous vein varix procedure.

Objective To observe activated cerebral areas during the task of writing in second language by early and late acquisition bilinguals and explore the neuropsychological mechanism. Methods Twelve subjects were divided into group of early acquisition high proficiency bilinguals(EAHP) and group of late acquisition high proficiency bilinguals(LAHP). Each subject carried out the task of pseudo-writing and English writing. After functional imaging,statistical parametric mapping was used to compare data of the two tasks through paired- t test in both two groups. A conjunction analysis was conducted between the two groups also. Areas where the metabolism of glucose changed were analyzed. Then, the corresponding images about activated cerebral regions were obtained.Results Cerebral areas where the metabolism of glucose increased in EAHP: bilateral middle frontal gyrus( Z=4.35/2. 01 ), bilateral cerebellum ( Z = 2.97/2.53 ) and left head of caudate nucleus ( Z = 3.07 ), etc. Cerebral areas where the metabolism of glucose increased in LAHP: right superior frontal gyrus(Z=4.06), right cerebellum( Z=4.63), left putamen(Z=2.70) ,etc. Cerebral areas where the metabolism of glucose increased in compared data of LAHP with data of EAHP: right frontal gyrus ( Z = 2.92 ), right temporal lobe( Z = 2.31 ), etc. Conclusion Extensive cerebral cortex and subcortical structures participate the process of writing in the second language. Age of bilingual acquisition is one of the factors affecting cerebral localization of writing in second language.

Objective To study the sonographic features of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) associated with cervical lymph nodes metastasis for early diagnosis and prediction of the invaded cervical lymph nodes. Methods The sonographic features of 170 patients with pathologically confirmed PTC in First Afifliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between 2011 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 59 cases with neck lymph nodes metastases and 111 cases without neck lymph nodes metastases. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was aaplied to analyze the cut-off values of resistance index (RI) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) for judging the presence or absence of cercical lymph node metastasis. The Chi-square test and rank sum test were used to compare the different sonographic features between each group. The Logistic regression analysis was used to obtain the relevant factors of PTCs with cervical lymph node metastasis. Results ROC curve analysis showed that the cut-off values of RI and PSV were 0.735,13.95 cm/s. The primary tumor diameter, the existence of halo, the involvement of thyroid upper pole, the microcalciifcation, the blood suply classiifcation and the RI, PSV were statistically signiifcantly different between PTCs with and without cervical lymph node metastasis, whereas no statistical signiifcance was detected between the primary tumor echo pattern, boundary and the longitudinal/transveral ratio between the metastatic and nonmetastatic group. Logistic regression analysis showed that the PTC primary tumor diameter and PSV were independent factors coorelated with cervical lymph node metastasis. Conclusion Some sonographic features of PTC are closely correlated with lymph nodes metastasis, which are valuable in predicting the cervical lymph nodes metastasis in patients with PTC pre-operatively.

Objective To establish a rat model of glioma for MRI study.Methods Fischer 344 rats were inoculated with F98 glioma cells in caudate nucleus by stereotaxic procedure.MRI scanning and pathology examination were performed to observe the tumor growth on 6,8,10,12,and 14 d, respectively,after inoculation and their survival was also analyzed.Results After inoculation,tumors were found in all rats by MRI as early as 6 days.Most of rats died on 14 d after inoculation.The volume of tumor increased as the inoculation time lengthened.The tumor volume measured by MRI was larger than actual size by autopsy,but the both correlated positively(r=0.91,P

Objective To compare the effect of cimetidine associated with bletilla striata,rhubarb on peptic ulcer,cushingulcer,acute erosive gastritis,bleeding of esophagus and gastric funds varicosis of cirrhotic portal hyper- tension and gastri cancer.Methods 136 patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage were randomly divided into 2 groups.The treated group(n=69)was given cimitidine associated with bletilla striata,rhubarb and the control group(n=67)was given cimitidine only.The effects of hemostasis in 2 groups were observed.Results The effect of hemostasis in the treated group was better than that in the control group on peptic ulcer,cushingulcer,acute ero- sive gastritis and gastric cancer(P＜0.05).There were no difference between 2 groups about bleeding of esophagus and gastric funds varicosis of cirrhotic portal hypertension(P＞0.05).Conclusion The effect of hemostasis on up- per gastrointestinal hemorrhage treated by integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine might achieve better on cushingulcer,acute erosive gastritis,peptic ulcer and gastri cancer.It has less adverse effect and more safety.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of absorbable self-enhancing cartilage nails in the treatment of radial head fractures.Methods Data of 22 patients with radial head fractures,who had undergone open reduction and internal fixation with absorbable self-enhancing cartilage nails from January 2008 to December 2011,were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,data of 18 patients were complete,including 10 males and 8 females.According to the Mason classification,there were 14 cases of Mason Ⅱ,3 cases of Mason Ⅲ and 1 case of Mason Ⅳ.Two patients were combined with radial neck fractures,9 with osteochondral fractures of capitellum,and 1 with posterior dislocation of the elbow and olecranon avulsion fracture.The radial head fractures were temporarily fixed with Kirschner wires after open reduction,then absorbable self-enhancing cartilage nails with length from 16 to 24 mm and diameters of 1.5 mm were applied to reach final fixation.The heads of nails were right underneath of cartilages without penetrating bone cortexes on the contralateral side.The radial neck fractures were reduced and fixed with T-plates or anatomical plates after the radial head fractures were fixed with cartilage nails.Four cases of osteochondral fracture of capitellum were fixed with absorbable sutures to external epicondyle of humerus.For other 5 cases of osteochondral fracture of capitellum,the bone fragments were removed due to too small to fix.Results All 18 patients were followed up for 6 to 54 months (average,31.3 months).All fractures achieved bone union,and the healing time ranged from 5 to 12 weeks (average,8.7 weeks).There were no complications,such as internal fixation failure,nonunion,hematoma,sinus formation,osteolytic changes of radial heads and so on.According to the Broberg-Morrey elbow performance score,13 cases were excellent,4 good,and 1 fair,with the total excellent and good rate of 94.44％ (17/18).At final follow-up,the elbow range of motion was 90° to 150° (average,123.8°),and the range of forearm rotation was 130° to 180° (average,152.5°).Conclusion Absorbable self-enhancing cartilage nails can be used to treat various kinds of radial head fractures,and the results are satisfactory.

3T3-L1 adipocytes were cultured with various concentrations of high-density lipoprotein ( HDL, 0, 10, 50, and 100 μg/ml ) for 16 h and with lipopolysaccharide ( LPS, 100 ng/ml ) for another 6 h. Interleukin-8 in the medium was determined by ELISA, and PPAR-γ mRNA expression by reverse transacription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Interleukin-8 levels were increased in LPS-treated cells ( P＜0.05 ), but decreased in HDL-treated cells in the dose-dependent manner. PPARγ mRNA expressions were increased in HDL-treated groups than those treated only with LPS. These results suggested HDL may decrease interleukin-8 secretion via up-regulating PPARγ expression in adipocytes.

Objective:To improve the quality standard for Qingyuantiaozhi capsules. Methods:The main components of the prep-aration, such as Chrysanthemum, Anthraquinones, Hawthorn and Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, were identified by TLC qualitatively. The content of chlorogenic acid in chrysanthemum was determined by HPLC. A DIKMA Spursil C18(250 ×4.6 mm,5 μm)column was used with methanol-0. 2% phosphoric acid solution(9 ∶91) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was set at 327 mn and the sample size was 20 μl. Results:The spots in TLC were clear without any interference. The cali-bration curve was linear within the range of 4. 425 2-30. 976 4μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9) for chlorogenic acid. The average recovery was 101. 18% (RSD=1. 88%, n=6). Conclusion:The improved quality standard is specific, accurate and reproducible, which can be used for the quality control of Qingyuantiaozhi capsules.

Objective To study the treatment of multilevel atherosclerotic occlusive disease of the lower(extremity).Methods From March 2004 to January 2006,intraoperative iliac balloon angioplasty and stenting combined with simultaneous vascular bypass and profundoplasty were performed on 24 limbs in 21 patients(suffering) from lower extremity multilevel atherosclerotic occlusive disease.In 24 limbs iliac balloon angioplasty and stent placement were performed with simultaneous profundoplasty in 12 limbs and femoro-popliteal bypass in 14 limbs.Results Surgical procedures were technically successful in all patients.There were no severe postoperative morbidity or mortality.Before-operative vs postoperative ABI was 0.24?0.13 vs 0.63?(0.18)(P