A case of thanatophoric dwarfism is presented. The previous gestation was polyhydramniotic and aborted spontaneously at 19th week. The aborted fetus showed marked micromelia. Present gestation was also polyhydramniotic and terminated by therapeutic abortion at 31th weeks due to skeletal deformity representing thanatophoric dwarfism. The fetus shows typical characteristics of thanatophoric dwarfism. Grossly the fetus shows marked micromelia, narrowed thorax with relatively normal length of trunk, and enlarged head. In the radiograph the femur shows characteristic ‘ telephone receiver’-like form. And the histological observations shows marked disturbances of the endochondral ossification.
Aborted Fetus ; Abortion, Therapeutic ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Femur ; Fetus ; Head ; Pregnancy ; Telephone ; Thanatophoric Dysplasia* ; Thorax

Chorioangioma is the most common primary tumor of the placenta. It is widely accepted to be formed from hamartomatous proliferation of angioblastic cells in early placenta. According to groups who systematically examined the placentas with the greatest scrutiny, the incidence of chorioangioma is 1~1.2% of all placentas examined. The clinical implication of chorioangioma has been emphasized due to its high association with hydramnios, antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage, premature onset of labor, or intrauterine fetal distress or death. The authors experienced a case of a 38-year old multigravida who had undergone 4 consecutive spontaneous abortions. The fifth pregnancy was carried to 35 weeks whereupon a dead fetus was delivered. The placenta was enlarged(950 gm) with multiple protruding nodules into the fetal surface. Microscopically, the nodule was composed of many vilous structures lined by chorionic epithelium. Within these structures was proliferation of endothelial lined capillaries some of which demonstrated ectatic change.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Sutures* ; Trachea*

We report a case of cutaneous calcinosis following extravasation of calcium calcium chloride in a 3-week old neonate, After extravasation of 3% calcium chloride infusion, rapid and marked swelling, erythema, and signs of soft tissue necrosis developed over the extensor surface of both upper extremities. Through the small channels of the destroyed epidermis, tiny white pieces of calcific masses were eliminated spontaneously. Histologically the calcium deposits were found as amorphous masses in the upper dermis and the discharge of calcium deposits also took place by means of transepidermal elimination. The central bone formation and surrounding calcium deposition were present along with dense lymphohistiocytic cell infiltration in the deep dermis. Complications of extravasation of calcium solution during intravenous infusion included localized calcification and, ocasionally necrosis. The incidence of compllcations was about eight percent. This is a case which again emphasises of the danger of using calcium chloride intravenously in the neonate or young infant.
Calcinosis* ; Calcium Chloride* ; Calcium* ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Erythema ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Necrosis ; Osteogenesis ; Upper Extremity

No abstract available.
Liposarcoma, Myxoid*

Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is a rare, chronic non-inflammatory bullous disease, which easily forms bullae by minor mechanical trauma or spontaneously, is inherited either in an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive fashion. We report herein two cases which presented with bullae, erosions and ulcers on extremities, buttock, chest, abdomen and face and loss of all nail since birth in two sisters. Bulla occured bencath the basal lamina histopathologically, anchoring fibrils were almost absent on electron miaoscopy in both cases. The two sisters represented dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa considering the absence of family history inheritcd in an autosomal dominant fashion and the clinical, histological and electronmicroscopic findings.
Abdomen ; Basement Membrane ; Buttocks ; Epidermolysis Bullosa Dystrophica* ; Extremities ; Humans ; Parturition ; Siblings* ; Thorax ; Ulcer

We have previously reported that the spontaneous release of [3H]5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) was markedly decreased by hypoxic insult in rat hippocampal slices. In the present study, the effect of glucose on 5-HT release was examined. Fractional release of [3H]5-HT was measured from an incubation medium exchanged every 10 min for 140 min and after stabilization of [3H]5-HT release, 10 or 20 min period of hypoxia was induced by exchanging the media which have been previously saturated by 95% N2/5% CO2 gas. In the media containing 1, 2, 5, 10 or 20 mM glucose, [3H]5-HT release was stabilized after 40 min of incubation. Exposure to hypoxia decreased [3H]5-HT release up to 60% of the control level in a glucose concentration-dependent manner and recovered gradually after hypoxic periods. However, in the media containing no glucose, the spontaneous release of [3H] 5-HT increased continuously during incubation. Moreover, when hippocampal slices were exposed to hypoxia, the [3H]5-HT release increased up to 150% of the control level and recovered gradually to the control level after hypoxic periods. These results demonstrate that hypoxia inhibits or enhances 5-HT release in the presence or absence of extracellular glucose respectively and suggest that the availability of extracellular glucose is a key factor to determine the direction of 5-HT release under hypoxic condition.
Animal ; Cell Hypoxia ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Glucose/*pharmacology ; Hippocampus/*secretion ; In Vitro ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin/*secretion

BACKGROUND: We conducted this study to verify whether a mechanical ventilator is adequate for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). METHODS: A self-inflating bag resuscitator and a mechanical ventilator were used to test two experimental models: Model 1 (CPR manikin without chest compression) and Model 2 (CPR manikin with chest compression). Model 2 was divided into three subgroups according to ventilator pressure limits (P(limit)). The self-inflating bag resuscitator was set with a ventilation rate of 10 breaths/min with the volume-marked bag-valve procedure. The mode of the mechanical ventilator was set as follows: volume-controlled mandatory ventilation of tidal volume (Vt) 600 mL, an inspiration time of 1.2 seconds, a constant flow pattern, a ventilation rate of 10 breaths/minute, a positive end expiratory pressure of 3 cmH2O and a maximum trigger limit. Peak airway pressure (P(peak)) and Vt were measured by a flow analyzer. Ventilation adequacy was determined at a Vt range of 400-600 mL with a P(peak) of < or = 50 cmH2O. RESULTS: In Model 1, Vt and P(peak) were in the appropriate range in the ventilation equipments. In Model 2, for the self-inflating bag resuscitator, the adequate Vt and P(peak) levels were 17%, and the P(peak) adequacy was 20% and the Vt was 65%. For the mechanical ventilator, the adequate Vt and P(peak) levels were 85%; the P(peak) adequacy was 85%; and the Vt adequacy was 100% at 60 cmH2O of P(limit). CONCLUSIONS: In a manikin model, a mechanical ventilator was superior to self-inflating bag resuscitator for maintaining adequate ventilation during chest compression.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation* ; Manikins* ; Models, Theoretical ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Thorax ; Tidal Volume ; Ventilation* ; Ventilators, Mechanical*

BACKGROUND: The present study was undertaken to know health-related lifestyles of Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF) pilots and to investigate prevalence of obesity of them.METHODS: 1284 KAF pilots were checked their height, weight, and body composition (% body fat). We also tried questionnaires on their health-related lifestyles which included the effort to be healthy, whether they know weight training is beneficial to G-tolerance, exercise habit and smoking history. RESULTS: Pilots' attitude for health promotion was relatively passive. Many of them know that weight training is good for their G-tolerance, but only 8.1% of the pilots carried out that training. They engaged much more in aerobic training, and also fighter pilots are less participated in weight training than transport pilots. The prevalence of obesity (29.4%) determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis was much higher than that assessed on the basis of height and weight (BMI, body mass index). It is suggested that many pilots who were normal in BMI have abdominal or visceral obesity. CONCLUSION: The health promotion program and physical conditioning program related to increasing G tolerance of KAF pilots flying high-performance aircraft are very important. These programs must be organized and progressed with flight surgeon and Aeromedical center in Chung-ju as leaders.
Aircraft ; Body Composition ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Diptera ; Electric Impedance ; Health Promotion ; Life Style* ; Obesity ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Surveys and Questionnaires

In glaucoma patients, optic nerve head analysis is very useful in early detection and progression during follow-up. Among optic nerve head analysis methods, the confocal laser tomographic scanner(Heidelberg Retina Tomograph: HRT) is actively studied for accurate and highly reproducible analysis.We analyzed the optic nerve head of 62 normal eyes(male 40 eyes, female 22 eyes) in third decade of Korean with HRT, and calculated the mean value of each parameters in HRT and evaluated the difference between men and women. We also studied the distribution fo the value of each parameter in normal third decade of Korean. In addition, for the parameters of Rim/Disc area ratio, we calculated the mean value in 6 divisions of optic nerve head.The mean value of Disc area was 2.039mm3, Cup area 0.593mm3, rim area 1.716mm3 and Cup/Disc area ratio 0.237. Rim volume, Maximal cup depth, Height variation contour, Mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and Retinal nerve fiber layer cross sectional area were statistically different between men and women. For Rim/Disc area ratio, the maximal value was noted in nasal inferior(0.873) region, and the minimal value was in temporal(0.579) region. There was no statistically difference between men and women in Rim/Disc area ratio.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma ; Humans ; Male ; Nerve Fibers ; Optic Disk* ; Optic Nerve* ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde