No abstract available.
Hepatitis B Vaccines* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Infant*

No abstract available.
Intestinal Obstruction* ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*

A patient with extraskeletal cervical epidural Ewing's sarcoma who presented with cervical radiculopathy is reported. A 58-year-old woman presented with right posterolateral neck pain and upper extremity radiculopathy. The computed tomography myelography showed epidural and paravertebral masses on right side, with widening of the ipsilateral neural foramina at the C2-C3 level. On magnetic resonance images, the mass was isointense to soft tissue on T1-weighted images, hyperintense on T2-weighted images, and showed diffuse enhancement on GdTA enhanced T1-weighted images. The staged, combined posterior and anterior approach were done and the tumor mass was subtotally removed. During postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with Cytoxane, Adriamycin, Vincristine, Prednisolone regimen, the patient died of severe compression of upper cervical cord by recurrent, extended tumor mass in the spinal canal.
Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Cyclophosphamide ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myelography ; Neck Pain ; Prednisolone ; Radiculopathy ; Sarcoma, Ewing* ; Spinal Canal ; Upper Extremity ; Vincristine

No abstract available.
Empyema* ; Gastroenteritis* ; Salmonella* ; Urinary Bladder*

A complex syndrome, later called as Prader-Willi syndrome, was first described in 1956 by Prader et al, and Zellweger and Schneider characterized this syndrome as hypogonadism, hypotonia, hypomentia and boesty. It is not rare in western countries and more than 400 cases have been reported until 1983. But our interest arose because of our recent experience of diffuse noncirrhotic fibrosis of the liver in a 6 year-old boy who had the clinical features of Prader-Willi syndrome. The core of liver showed destruction of most of the hepatic lobules, particularly of the acinar zone 3, and replacement bt diffuse fibrosis. The remaining liver cells underwent fatty change, and the overall changes resembled chronic sclerosing hyaline disease of the alcoholic type. Inflammation was negligible. This particular case suggests that the severe fatty change of liver could result in irreversible damage to the hepatocytes and progressive fibrosis.

No abstract available.
Ichthyosis, Lamellar*

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to administer conservative treatment in 30 patients diagnosed with idiopathic frozen shoulder, following the suggested frozen shoulder rehabilitation program and to assess the clinical outcome using a prospective study. METHODS: Thirty patients diagnosed with idiopathic frozen shoulder, treated with steroid hormone injection on the articular joint with an intra-articular steroid (triamcinolone 40 mg + lidocaine 4 ml) injection and started on stepwise shoulder extension exercise were chosen. The subjects were divided into two groups of 15 people each with one group undergoing rehabilitation with continuous passive motion (CPM) and the other group without it. Follow-ups were done before rehabilitation and at 4-week intervals with the 24th being the final week. At every follow-up, passive range of motion (ROM) was measured and surveys on pain and clinical score were administered. RESULTS: In the last follow-up, both groups showed statistically significant improvements in all evaluation criteria. However, no statistical difference in all values of the ROM and Constant score evaluation criteria was observed between the groups. Only in the last follow-up, group 1 had a visual analog scale (VAS) score of 2.4 +/- 2.1 points, which was lower, with statistical significance, than the VAS score of group 2, which was 4.4 +/- 3.1 points (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Study using CPM in treatment of frozen shoulder has been inadequate, meaning that there is still room for improvement and need for more study on setting a more specific protocol and guidelines for this procedure.
Bursitis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Lidocaine ; Motion Therapy, Continuous Passive ; Prospective Studies ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rehabilitation ; Shoulder ; Visual Analog Scale

Spinal block procedures are useful methods that reduce the need for surgical treatment. In addition to their therapeutic aspects of pain relief, in many patients, they are also used for diagnostic purposes to distinguish from symptoms originating from extra-spinal areas. Therefore, these procedures are the most basic technique for orthopedic surgeons dealing with diseases from limbs and spine. On the other hand, despite the simplicity of the instruments and drugs used, the overall understanding of them and the lack of knowledge of the possible side effects and complications can cause serious harm to the patient at the beginning of the trial. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the types of drugs used in the spinal block procedures, pharmacokinetic properties, and the side effects of each drug. In addition, efforts should be made to identify their indications, as well as advantages and disadvantages of each procedure to avoid possible complications. The purpose of this review was to provide basic knowledge and skills necessary for lumbar spinal block procedures as well as provide the reader with the ability to perform themselves.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to verify the hypothesis that human dendritic cells(DCs) can process antigens from glioma cell apoptotic bodies and induce antigen-specific effector T cells. METHODS: DCs generated in the presence of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF) and interleukin-4(IL-4) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) of healthy donors with human leucocyte antigen(HLA) A*0201 were cultured for 7 days. Glioma apoptotic bodies(GABs) from T98G glioblastoma cells following 18 hour-actinomycin D treatment were co-incubated with DCs for 3 days. CD8 T cells isolated from peripheral blood of same donors were cultured in media containing IL-2 and were stimulated by GAB-pulsed DCs three times at a weekly interval. The interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma), a cytokine related to cytotoxicity, concentrations of cell culture supernates were measured by enzyme immunoassay technique. RESULTS: Induced DCs had DC's own phenotypic characteristics such as highly expressed major histocompatibility complex(MHC) class II, CD1a and CD86 molecules. They also had high endocytotic activity. Preteatment of T98G glioma cells with actinomycin D resulted in 53% of cells undergoing apoptosis. IFN-gamma production of effector T cells stimulated by GAB-pulsed DCs was significantly higher than that of T cells stimulated by non-pulsed DCs. CONCLUSION: Naive CD8 T cells can be activated by human GAB-pulsed DCs to become antigen-specific effector T cells. Using GABs as a antigen source may be a novel approach in future DC-based immunotherapeutic trials for malignant glioma.
Apoptosis ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Dactinomycin ; Dendritic Cells* ; Glioblastoma ; Glioma* ; Granulocytes ; Histocompatibility ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular* ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Interferon-gamma ; Interleukin-2 ; T-Lymphocytes ; Tissue Donors

Brown-Sequard syndrome may be the result of penetrating injury to the spine, but many other etiologies have been described. This syndrome is most commonly seen with spinal trauma and extramedullary spinal neoplasm. A herniated cervical disc has been rarely reported as a cause of this syndrome. We present a case of a 28-year-old male patient diagnosed as large C3-C4 disc herniation with spinal cord compression. He presented with left hemiparesis and diminished sensation to pain and temperature in the right side below the C4 dermatome. Microdiscectomy and anterior cervical fusion with carbon fiber cage containing a core of granulated coralline hydroxyapatite was performed. After the surgery, rapid improvement of the neurologic deficits was noticed. We present a case of cervical disc herniation producing acute Brown-Sequard syndrome with review of pertinent literature.
Adult ; Brown-Sequard Syndrome ; Carbon ; Ceramics ; Durapatite ; Humans ; Hydroxyapatites ; Male ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Paresis ; Sensation ; Spinal Cord Compression ; Spinal Neoplasms ; Spine