The suppressive effects of T. reglii on mouse cellular and humoral immune responses were studied. Lymphocyte proliferation effect induced with ConA,and PFC and OHS reactions with TD Ag(TNP-SRBC)were effectively suppressed by the drug. But the similar effects on LPS and TI Ag (TNP-SRBC) have not been found. The results shown that target cells of T. reglii effects may be T lymphocytes and the drug may not have a direct effect on B cells. The drug also shown a suppressive effect on IL-2 production by mouse spleen cells. The phenomenon suggests that the suppressive effects of T. reglii on humoral immune response may be indirectly mediated through suppressing helper T cells.

Objective To investigate the influence of low calcium dialysate (DCa1.25) and midodrine hydrochloric (MHC) on blood pressure in hemodialysis patients. Methods Dialysate calcium concentration was changed from 1.5% (DCa1.5) to 1.25% in patients with hypercalcaemia pre- or post-dialysis.For patients with intradialytic hypotension(IDH), pre-dialysis antihypertensive drugs were ceased.If that didn′t work, MHC 2.5 or 5 mg was administered to them 30 minutes before dialysis were ceased.MHC was also administered to patients who had not taken antihypertensive drugs. The blood pressure (BP) and blood volume were recorded during dialysis. UCG and autonomic nerves function test including BP supine and standing test and sustained hand-grip test were measured as well. Results Twenty-one hemodialysis patients were involved in this study including male 9 and female 12. The average age was (54.4?14.2) years old,the time on dialysis (33.04?30.1) months. When DCa1.5 was changed to DCa1.25, 9 cases (42.9%) could maintain stable BP, but IDH occurred in 10 patients(47.6%) with symptoms such as swirl,sweat or cramp, one with lower extremities cramp and one with heart discomfort but without IDH. Patients with IDH had higher proportion of abnormal BP supine and standing tests compared with patients without IDH(50% vs. 0%, P

BACKGROUNDUmbilical cord around neck, a common obstetric complication, affects fetal hemodynamics. Does it influence fetal cardiac functions? The purpose of this study was to investigate the left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic functions of fetuses with umbilical cord around neck in the third trimester by applying velocity vector imaging (VVI).

METHODSThirty-five cases of fetuses with umbilical cord around neck whose gestational ages from 35 to 40 weeks were selected, including 20 cases of umbilical artery ratio of the highest systolic velocity (S) to the lowest diastolic velocity (D) (S/D) < 3.0 and 15 cases of umbilical artery S/D ≥ 3.0, while 20 cases of normal fetuses of 35 - 40 gestational weeks were selected as the control group. The changes in longitudinal velocity, strain, and strain rate of fetal left and right ventricle in systole and diastole in two groups, and the changes in fetal cardiac function under the situation of umbilical cord around neck were analyzed.

RESULTSLongitudinal strain and strain rate overall of fetal left and right ventricle in systole and diastole were less in fetuses with umbilical artery S/D (3)3.0 and umbilical cord around neck than those in fetuses with umbilical artery S/D < 3.0 and those in control group (P < 0.05); there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in longitudinal strain and strain rate overall of fetal left and right ventricle in systole and diastole between fetuses with umbilical artery S/D < 3.0 and those in control group.

CONCLUSIONSLeft and right ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction was detected in fetuses with umbilical cord around neck and umbilical artery S/D (3)3.0. VVI could sensitively respond to cardiac function changes in fetuses with umbilical cord around neck, which provides another valuable method in the evaluation of fetal cardiac function.

Adult ; Female ; Fetus ; abnormalities ; physiopathology ; Gestational Age ; Heart Ventricles ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal ; Umbilical Arteries ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Umbilical Cord ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the specific antitumor immunity induced by antigen peptide mixture prepared from different T lymphocytic leukaemia cells and the cross-reaction among the mixtures of different cell lines.

METHODSAntigen peptide mixtures were prepared from different leukaemia cell lines and then bound with Hsp70 in vitro. The activation and proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) were observed after the stimulation by different Hsp70-peptide complexes. The cytotoxicity of such activated PBMCs to different target cells was assayed.

RESULTSThe antigen peptides from different leukaemia cell lines were mixed ones, which could activate PBMC effectively with Hsp70 and stimulate the activated PBMC to proliferate. The proliferative PBMC had specific cytotoxicity to the corresponding leukaemia cells. To Hut-78 cell, Molt-4 cell and Jurkat cell, the cytotoxicity of PBMC activated by either Hut78-peptides or Molt-4-peptides was significantly stronger than that of PBMC activated by HL-60-peptides (P < 0.05). The cytotoxicity to Jurkat cell of PBMC activated by Hut78/Molt-4-peptides was significantly stronger than that of PBMC activated by Hut78-peptides or Molt-4-peptides alone (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAntigen peptide mixture from T lymphocytic leukaemia cells is able to induce specific antitumor immunity. There is a cross-reactivity among antigen peptide mixtures from different T lymphocytic leukaemia cell lines, with the more crossed antigen peptides obtained from the mixtures of different antigen peptides from different T lymphocytic leukaemia cell lines, which suggests that the antigen peptide mixture with broad antigenic spectrum could possibly be prepared by using multiple leukaemia cell lines.

Antigens, Neoplasm ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Cross Reactions ; HL-60 Cells ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia, T-Cell ; immunology ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; cytology ; drug effects ; Peptides ; pharmacology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; drug effects ; immunology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; chemistry ; immunology

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of cap-assisted endoscopic nylon loop ligation (C-ENLL) as a new and simple method on gastric fundus submucosal tumors. Methods 74 cases with small gastric fundus submucosal tumors ≤2.00 cm in diameter were reviewed between January 2015 and June 2016. All cases were treated by C-ENLL. The clinical efficacy was analyzed. Results All the 74 patients underwent endoscopic ultrasonography before operation, 70 cases originated from the muscularis propria, 3 cases originated from the muscularis mucosae, 1 case originated from the submucosa. The average diameter of the lesions ranged 0.50 ～ 1.80 cm. C-ENLL achieved an en bloc resection rate of 100.0％, with a mean total procedure time of 26 min. Two patients developed delayed perforation, were treated with nylon rope and metal clip purse suture wound. All of whom were managed successfully. There was no delayed bleeding after operation. Pathological examination showed that 66.2％ (49/74) of the tumors were gastrointestinal stromal tumors. No tumor recurrence was observed during the follow-up. Conclusion The C-ENLL may be a feasible and safe method for the treatment of small gastric fundus submucosal tumors.

OBJECTIVETo establish a model of chronic periodontitis (CP) accompanied with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in SD rats and investigate the relationship between chronic periodontitis and COPD.

METHODSEqual gender SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, A: control group, B: CP group, C: COPD group, D: COPD with CP group (n = 10, respectively). Each group was subjected to its predesigned intervention to establish a specific disease model. After 10 weeks, animals were sacrificed. The level of alveolar bone loss, lung function measurement, and the histopathological changes of periodontal and lung tissues were examined. The serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α level was detected by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay kits.

RESULTSBleeding index (BI) levels of group A and C were (0.25 ± 0.04) and (1.30 ± 0.25), respectively. Attachment loss was (0.43 ± 0.02) and (0.51 ± 0.02) mm. BI levels in group B and D were significantly higher than those in group A and C. Forced expiratory volume in 0.2 second to forced vital capital ratio (FEV(0.2)/FVC) values in group B, C and D were significantly lower than that in group A. Pulmonary function were worse in group D than that in group C (P < 0.05). The levels of serum TNF-α, a sensitive indicator of both diseases, were increased in all test groups compared with the control, and increased most in group D.

CONCLUSIONSThe chronic periodontitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model was established in SD rat. The chronic periodontitis may be a risk factor for promoting and inducing COPD.

Alveolar Bone Loss ; Animals ; Chronic Periodontitis ; Disease Models, Animal ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Lung ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; Rats ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of viral infections and putative association of viral infection with illness severity in young children with severe lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in Chongqing.

METHODRespiratory secretion specimens were collected from 119 hospitalized patients with severe pneumonia from December 2006 to March 2008.After being processed, the samples were detected for respiratory viruses including respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), human bocavirus (HBoV), parainfluenza virus 1, 2, 3 (PIV 1, 2, 3), influenza virus A and B (IVA and IVB) either by PCR or RT-PCR. Clinical data were analyzed along with virological data by using appropriate statistical methods.

RESULTViral pathogens were identified in specimens of 86 (72.3%) cases, among which RSV was detected in 49 (41.2%) patients. More than one virus was detected in 23 individual (26.7%) samples, of which 19 were dual positive for RSV and another virus. Bacterial cultures were performed for 69 patients. Both bacterial and viral pathogens were identified in 53 (76.8%) patients. Bacterial and viral coinfection was demonstrated in samples from 41 (59.4%) cases.

CONCLUSIONViral pathogens are the main etiology of severe pneumonia in young children in Chongqing area during the study period. RSV was the most frequent viral pathogens, followed by ADV and hMPV. Coinfection with respiratory common viruses was relatively common, though co-infection with viruses did not appear to aggravate the patients' condition.

Adenoviridae ; isolation & purification ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Human bocavirus ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Influenza A virus ; isolation & purification ; Metapneumovirus ; isolation & purification ; Pneumonia, Bacterial ; microbiology ; virology ; Pneumonia, Viral ; microbiology ; virology ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; isolation & purification ; Virus Diseases ; virology

Objective:To investigate the inhibitory effect of in vivo non-targeting transfection of recombinant fibronectin polypeptide CH50 against tumors and to study the related mechanisms.Methods:After inoculated with tumor cells, BALB/c mice were injected with CH50 plasmids,control plasmids,and normal saline separately.The growth of the tumor was observed;the expression of genes (such as B7-1,B7-H1 etc.) in tumor tissues was detected by RT-PCR;and the count of T lymphocytes in local tumor tissues was analyzed by flow cytometry.Results:The tumor growth was obviously suppressed by in vivo CH50 expression.The expression of genes (B7-1 and B7-H1) was up-regulated along with the growth of tumor.CH50 increased the ratios of B7-1/B7-H1 and B7-1/B7-DC and suppressed the up-regulation of IL-10 and TGF-?genes.The direct action of CH50 on H22 cells resulted in the down-regulatoin of TGF-?gene.The count of T lymphoeytes in tumor tissues of CH50 treatment group was significantly higher than that in other groups.Conclusion:Ex- pression of CH50 by non-targeting transfection can effectively inhibit the growth of tumor;the regulation of the immuno- regulatory genes in tumor mieroenvironment is an important part of the treatment mechanism of CH50.

Objective To understand the biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA genetic sequence evolution of strains isolated from diarrhea specimens so as to provide basis for classification and identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Methods Specimens were cultured using MacConkey and SS medium. All isolates were identified as K. pneumoniae by automated biochemical tests. DNA was extracted, 1500 bp fragments of the 16S rDNA gene were by amplified PCR and sequenced with K. pneumoniae 16S rDNA primer, after being cut. Fragments of 1000 bp overlapping sequences were analyzed by Blastn to confirm the identity of the isolates. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by PHYLIP process to analyze the 16S rDNA sequence of the isolated strain with other relative bacteria species in the GenBank databases. Results Among 113 specimens of infectious diarrhea, 25 K. pneumoniae strains were identified by biochemical tests, of which 21 subsp, pneumoniae and 4 subsp, ozaenae, no subsp, of rhinoseleroma were isolated. Strains of subsp, pneumoniae were found having nature of resistance. All isolates were resistant to penicillin G and susceptible to polymyxin with some strains were resistant to Nitrofurantoin, Cephalothin, Kanamycin, Tobramycin. After searching in GenBank of 16S rDNA, strains biochemical identified as subsp, ozaenae shared high similarity with Salmonella strains and other intestinal bacteria. 16S rDNA phylogenetie analysis could be used to confirm subsp, pneumoniae, but could not separate other subspecies of K. pneumoniae completely. Conclusion 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis useful in identifying and classifying K. pneumoniae.

The negative signal provided by interactions of costimulatory molecules, programmed death-1 (PD-1) and its ligands, PD-L1 (also B7-H1) and PD-L2 (also B7-DC), is involved in the mechanisms of tumor immune evasion. To block PD-Ls-PD-1 interactions by a soluble receptor of PD-1, we constructed a eukaryotic expression plasmid that expresses extracellular region (aa1-aa167) of murine PD-1 (pPD-1A) and, another version of pPD-1A, pPD-1B, carrying cDNAs encoding for both extracellular region of PD-1 and green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene, which was inserted downstream of PD-1. Experiment of BHK cells transfected with pPD-1B determined that most expression product (sPD-1) in the cells was secreted out. FACS analysis revealed that sPD-1 was specific and bound efficiently to PD-1 ligands. Cytotoxicity assay showed that blocking PD-Ls on either tumor cells or spleen cells by sPD-1 mediated enhanced lysis of H22 cells by Hsp70-H22 peptides complexstimulated spleen cells. The constructed plasmid vector would provide a novel method of tumor gene therapy of blocking PD-Ls-PD-1 interactions by expression of soluble receptor of PD-1 in tumor sites, which could increase the antitumor activity.
Animals ; Antigens, CD ; physiology ; Antigens, Surface ; chemistry ; genetics ; physiology ; Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; physiology ; CTLA-4 Antigen ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cloning, Molecular ; Flow Cytometry ; Genetic Therapy ; Mice ; Neoplasms ; therapy ; Plasmids ; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Transfection