Objective To examine whether lipoxin A4(LXA4) induces apoptosis of rat renal interstitial fibroblasts and explore the mechanism concerned.Methods Rat renal interstitial fibroblasts (NRK 49F cells)were incubated in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 5%fetal calf serum and exposed to LXA4 at the concentration of 10 nmol/L, 100 nmol/L or 1 ?mol/L for 24 hours. Prior to experiment,some NRK 49F cells were transfected with Smac antisense oligodeoxynucleotide. Apoptosis of NRK 49F cells was recognized by double staining using fluorescent dye acridine orange and ethidium bromide,and observed under laser scanning confocal microscopy and counted by flow cytometry following propidium iodide and annexin staining. Activity of caspase 3 was measured by colorimetric assay. The expression of Smac was determined by Western blotting analysis.Results LXA4 at the concentration of 100 nmol/L or 1 ?mol/L induced apoptosis of 9 83%or 33 82%of NRK 49F cells respectively, and reduced the cells of S and G2～M phase and increased the cells of G0～G1 phase in a dose dependent manner. Treatment of NRK 49F cells with LXA4 up regulated the expression of Smac protein and increased the activity of caspase 3. The transfection with Smac antisense oligodeoxynucleotide inhibited the LXA4 induced apoptosis and expression of Smac in NRK 49F cells. Conclusion LXA4 at high concentration can induce apoptosis of rat renal interstitial fibroblasts via the up regulation of Smac expression.

Objective To investigate the efficacy,safety and localization of multilayer amniotic membrane transplantation(AMT) for corneal perforation associated with ulceration.Design A retrospective clinical case series.Participants Nine patients(9 eyes)with corneal perforation secondary to ulceration were enrolled into this study.These were little response to medicine,including bacterial keratitis(4 eyes ),fungal keratitis(2 eyes),fungal and bacterial mixed keratitis( 1 eye),virus keratitis( 1 eye),and Mooren's ulcer ( 1 eye).Size of perforation was 0.5～3.0 mm in diameter.Methods The AMT was applied to tamp the perforation,fill the ulcer and cover the surface of ulcer.After surgery,the medicine was continued to be used to treat the original corneal ulcer.The follow-up ranged from 6～20 months.In the suffering eyes,reformation of anterior chamber,healing of ulcer,complications and recurrence of ulceration were observed.Main Outcome Measures Of the postoperative eyes,reformation of anterior chamber,healing of ulcer,complications and recurrence of ulceration.Results The anterior chamber reformed at the first postoperative day in 9 eyes,and kept in normal depth in the follow-up time.At postoperative 2 months,the ulcer healed with sear and a smooth surface.Corneal thickness of the ulcer area recovered almost to normal.During follow up,no recurrence of ulceration or severe complications was noted.Conclusions Multilayer AMT is a safe and effective method for the management of small corneal perforation associated with ulceration,but the ulcer healed with scar.(Ophthalmol CHN,2008,17:101-103)

Purpose:To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of vindercine(VDS)in the interven- tional treatment of hepatic and pulmonary carcinomas.Materials and Methods:30 cases of mid-ad- vanced hepatic and pulmonary carcinomas,among them,13 eases of primary hepatic carcinomas,7 cases of matastic hepatic carinomas and 10 cases of primary pulmonary carcinomas,were treated by selective arterial infusion chemotherapy.The combination chemotherapeutic regimens conpored of VDS together with 5-Fu,MMC,carboplatin or Vp16.Results:The response rate for all cases was 60%,for primary hepatic carcinomas 61.5%,for metastic hepatic carcinoma 42.9% and for primary pulmonary carcinoma 70%.Myelosuppession was the main toxicity and 70% patients had the gastrointertional reac- tions as nusea,vomiting etc.Conclusion:VSD is a more effective drug for pulmonary carcinoma,but for hepatic carcinoma,the efficacy of VDS was unmarkable from other drugs.

AIM: To investigate the efficacy, safety and localization of multilayer amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) for the management of corneal perforation associated with ulceration.METHODS: Six eyes (6 patients) were treated with multilayer AMT for corneal perforation associated with ulceration. The perforation size was 0.5-2mm in diameter. The amniotic membrane (AM) was applied to tamp the perforation, fill the ulcer and cover the surface of ulcer. The follow-up ranged from 5-19 months.RESULTS: The anterior chamber reformed at the first postoperative day in all patients, and kept in normal depth in the follow- up time. The epithelialization of the AM grafts was observed in about 3 weeks after surgery. During the first postoperative month, the corneal thickness at the perforation site gradually increased, and the stromal inflammatory cell invasions surrounding the corneal ulcer were gradually subsided.Two months postoperatively, the ulcer healed with scar with part neovascutarization; the corneal thickness of the ulcer area was stable and recovered almost normal. The vision was not improved in all patients after operation. During-follow up,no severe complications or recurrence of ulceration was noted.CONCLUSION: Multilayer AMT is an effective and safe method for the management of small corneal perforation associated with ulceration, but the ulcer healed with scar.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of annular bubble conjunctival excision combining with amniotic membrane transplantation(AMT) for vernal keratoconjunctivitis(VKC) with gelatinous swellings(papillae) at the limbus.METHODS: Twenty eyes(10 patients) with VKC, were characterized by gelatinous swellings(papillae) at limbus and were underwent annular bubble conjunctival excision associated with AMT. The follow up ranged 5-21months.RESULTS: After operation, the symptoms were subsided remarkably: itching,discharge and foreign body sensation were almost disappear; photophobia and tearing were obvious in the first week after surgery, but were gradually alleviated, and almost disappear after one month of postoperative.Yellow-brown or filthy red gelatinous protuberances at limbus were cleaned away by operation and did not recur during the follow up. Corneal superficial punctuate keratitis(11 eyes) and corneal ulcers(3 eyes) were healed during the first week after surgery and did not recur. Conjunctival congestion was gradually lessened after surgery, which could not be noted 1months after surgery in 19 eyes, and the conjunctiva around the limbus, where AMT was performed, was whiter than the normal. But conjunctival congestion in 1 eye lasted for about 5mon accompanying with a little of itch, and this eye was treated with eyedrops with improvement but recurrence. No severe complications had been seen during the follow up.CONCLUSION: Annular bubble conjunctival excision combining with amniotic membrane transplantation is an effective and safe method for the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis with gelatinous swellings (papillae) at limbus. But the candidates must be chosen with discretion.

AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety of annular conjunctival excision combined with amniotic membrane transplantation for the management of earlier Mooren's ulcer.METHODS: Thirty eyes (24 patients) with earlier Mooren's ulcer were treated with this method, followed-up for 5-30mo. The characteristic of these patients was localized periphery corneal ulcer: the ulcer involved 30-120° corneal limbus with depth of 1/3-1/2 cornealthickness and width of 2-5mm.RESULTS: After surgery, symptoms subsided remarkably and immediately in all patients,and almost disappeared after stitches were removed. Corneal melts were controlled. At postoperative 2-3mo, the corneal thickness of the ulcer area became almost stable, which in some patients recovered normal and in others were still thinner than normal, and the average increase was about 1/3 of the corneal thickness. Corneal transparence and vision were improved. During follow-up, no severe complications or recurrence were noted.CONCLUSION: Conjunctival peritomy combined with amniotic membrane transplantation is an effective and safe method for the treatment of earlier Mooren's ulcer.

Objective To examine whether lipoxin A4(LXA4) has an antagonistic effect on interleukin (IL)-1?-induced synthesis of IL-6 in glomerular mesangial cells, and to explore its mechanism. Methods Cultured glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) of rat were treated with IL-1?, with or without preincubation with LXA4. Protein secretion of IL-6 in supernatants was examined analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Expression of IL-6 mRNA was determined by RT-PCR. The expression of Src homology 2 (SH2) containing protein-tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP-2) was assessed by immunoblotting. Activities of DNA-binding of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-?B) were measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Results The secretion of protein and expression of mRNA of IL-6 in GMCs stimulated by IL-1? were inhibited by LXA4 in a dose-dependent manner. LXA4 reduced the phosphorylation of SHP-2 and activities of NF-?B. Pretreatmnet of GMCs with NF-?B inhibitor pyrrolidine dithio-carbamate (PDTC) blocked both the secretion of IL-6 protein and activation of NF-?B induced by IL-13- Conclusion LXA4 antagonists IL-1?-induced synthesis of IL-6 in GMCs through the pathway of SHP-2/NF-?B signal transduction.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effects of norcantharidin poloxamer 407(NCTD P407) slow released preparation on advanced primary liver cancer by local intratumoral injection. Methods: Fifty six advanced primary liver cancer patients with maximum diameter from 6 to 12 cm were randomly divided into test and control groups. Patients in test group (29 case) were treated by NCTD 407 intratumoral injection under ultrasonic and patients in control group (27 case) by PEI (percutaneous intratumoral absolute ethanol injection). Clinical therapeutic effects were observed respectively and compared. Results: Twelve months survival rates of patients in 2 groups were significantly different, being 31.0% in test group and 22.2% in control group ( P 0.05) in 2 groups. No evident poisonous and side effects were found in either test or control group. Conclusion: NTCD P407 administration exhibits therapeutic effects in relatively big advanced liver cancer because of the high concentration and prolonged action in the tumor foci, its comprehensive therapeutic effect is better than that of absolute ethanol administration. [

Objective To detect the levels of cytokine IL-2,IL-12,IFN-?and IL-4 secreted by peripheral CD8~+ T lymphocytes in patients with condyloma acuminatum (CA).Methods Flow cytometry was employed to study the expression of cytokines IL-2,-12,INF-?and IL-4 in CD8~+ T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of 60 patients with CA and 20 healthy controls.Results The percentage of CD8~+ T lym- phocytes producing IL-2,IL-12 and IFN-?were significantly lower in CA patients than that in healthy con- trols (P

The clinical features and lung CT findings of 174 heart failure patients,including 85 cases with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and 89 cases with reduced LVEF were reviewed.Patients with normal LVEF had a higher proportion of hypertension,diabetes and obesity than patients with normal LVEF; and cough and dyspnea were more common.The lung CT findings in patients with normal LVEF were frequently presented as interstitial lung edema,increased pulmonary texture,subpleural line,Kerley lines and diffuse ground-glass opacity.Patients with reduced LVEF had a higher proportion of coronary heart disease and clinical manifestations of acute left heart failure,and central alveolar edema presented in lung CT images.Results suggest that heart failure patients with normal LVEF usually have longer clinical history and occult symptoms,and have a different lung CT imaging features from those in heart failure patients with reduced LVEF.