Objective To compare the clinical effects of the volar locking compression plate (LCP) and external fixator in the treatment of the AO type-C distal radial fractures.Methods From October 2007 to October 2010,64 cases of AO type-C distal radial fractures which had been treated with volar LCP and external fixator were retrospectively analyzed respectively.LCP group consisted of 38 patients,including 13 males and 25 females with an average age of 45.1 years.According to AO/OTA classification,there were 15 type-C1,18 type-C2,and 5 type-C3.External fixator group consisted of 26 patients,including 12 males and 14 females with an average age of 47.1 years.There were 11 type-C1,13 type-C2,and 2 type-C3.Outcomes were assessed by radiographic parameters,function parameters,and Gartland-Werley functional score.Results All the patients were followed up.X-rays showed all fractures healed.LCP group was followed up for an average of 23.8 months.External fixator group was followed up for an average of 31.2 months.According to the Gartland-Werley score,the excellent and good rate was 81.6％ in the LCP group and 76.9％ in the external fixator group,with a Gartland-Werley score of 4.50±3.55 and 5.04±3.74 respectively.There were no significant differences in wrist flexion,extension,ulnar deviation,radial deviation,pronation,supination,the parameter of ulnar inclination and radial height and the Gartland-Werley score.The volar tilt was better in the LCP group than in the external fixator group.There were 2 cases of wound infection,1 case of median nerve injury,1 case of plate loosening in LCP group; 3 cases of pin tract infection,1 case of fixator loosening,and 2 cases of wrist stiffness in the external fixator group.Conclusion LCP group had better imaging outcomes with a reliable fixation,but both of the groups can achieve satisfactory clinical results.The choices of treatment method depend on the patient's clinical conditions.

BACKGROUND:Artificial lumbar disc replacement is a new choice for the treatment of degenerative disc disease, and preserves lumbar vertebra’s biomechanical characteristics during pain elimination. The design of the prosthesis structure and material needs further study and validation. OBJECTIVE:To review the structure and material types of presently designed artificial lumbar discs, then to discuss the trends in the optimization design of prosthesis. METHODS:The PubMed database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure database and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database were searched for related articles concerning artificial lumbar disc and type and biomechanics of nucleus pulposus prosthesis material published from January 2005 to February 2013 by the first author. Key words were“artificial lumbar disc, principle of prosthesis design, structure, material, clinical trials”in Chinese and“artificial lumbar disc, total disc replacement, structure, material, clinical trial”in English. Repetitive and old studies were excluded. 135 articles were found, but 36 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At present, the materials for intervertebral discs include cobalt-chromium al oy, ceramics, stainless steel, titanium al oy and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene. Artificial lumbar disc is commonly made by different materials. Bryan prosthesis is most commonly used in the clinic. Three-dimensional finite element analysis, in vitro trial and clinical studies verified its good biomechanical property. The successful rate of replacement was high. Nucleus prosthesis contains prefabricated type and situ polymerization type, and obtains smal injury, so it is a hot focus in present study, but it cannot achieve biomechanical function of human nucleus pulposus. To dig novel material is a future direction for designing individual prosthesis. The prosthetic structure and biomaterial design experience constant improvement and development. This study combines latest study trend and prospects the development of biomimetic design, material improvement, the optimization design of prosthesis and assisted devices.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the content determination of salvianolic acid B in Ansheng Yizhi cap-sules. Methods:A Hypersil ODS2 C18 column(150 mm × 4. 6 mm,5 μm) was used and methanol-water-formic acid (40∶60∶1) was used as the mobile phase. The detection wavelength was at 286 nm. The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 and the sample size was 10 μl. Results:The calibration curve of salvianolic acid B was linear within the range 7. 75-77. 51 μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 6). The average re-covery was 98. 17%(RSD=1. 79%, n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and repeatable, which can be used in the quality control of Ansheng Yizhi capsules.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogeneous group of immunosuppressive cells derived from bone marrow stem cells.MDSCs can not only strongly inhibit the anti-tumor immune reactions mediated by T cells,but also directly accelerate angiogenesis,tumor progression and metastasis.Nonresolving inflammation (NRI),a major driving factor in the occurrence and development of tumor,and MDSCs are present in tumor microenvironment and become hot topics in recent years.However,the relationships between MDSCs and NRI,especially in the relevant molecular regulatory networks,have not been fully elucidated.The relationships between MDSCs and NRI,the molecular regulatory networks,the key regulatory points and the strategies for targeted treatment are reviewed in this paper based on the current literatures and the work achieved by our research team.

BACKGROUND:Early clinical application of non-biological materials (bone cement) for treatment of hip joint is ineffective, due to the large fixed range, long fixation time, as wel as aging and rupture of bone cement interface causing complications such as prosthetic loosening. Thus, postoperative range of motion of the hip joint can be affected to some degree.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the methods and progress of biological and non-biological materials for total hip replacement and to assess the features and clinical application of different hip prostheses.
METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed and CNKI was performed by the first author to retrieve articles related to biological materials and tissue-engineered hip joint using the keywords of“carpal bone, fracture ununited”in the title and abstract. The keywords were limited to Chinese and English.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Biological materials for internal fixation have good wear resistance, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility. Currently, the combination of metal joint head and polyethylene acetabulum with ultrahigh molecular weight is the most commonly used in hip replacement. However, the metal joint head exhibits an elastic modulus far from the human skeleton, resulting in stress shielding effects which are easy to cause prosthetic loosening and instability. Bio-inert ceramics has high in vivo stability and good mechanical strength;and bioactive ceramics has bone conduction characteristics and performance of the living bone integration. Composite prosthesis, because of adjustable elastic modulus and sufficient mechanical strength, shows the mechanical properties close to the human bone and has been gradual y noticed. However, there is a lack of ideal prostheses with good biocompatibility and biomechanics. Therefore, hip design and manufacturing processes should be improved to elevate wear resistance and mechanical properties, to enhance the binding between prosthesis and the host bone, and to reduce stress shielding in order to improve the biocompatibility of the implant with the host, and extend the prosthetic life.

Objective To investigate the dyslipidemia in patients with psoriasis,and the characteristics of the serum lipids in pa-tients with different types of psoriasis.Methods 332 psoriatic patients were devided into pustular psoriatic,psoriasis vulgaris and erythrodermic psoriasis based on clinical manifestations.Serum lipids of the three groups were analyzed including TC,TG,HDL-C, LDL-C,ApoA1,ApoB and Lp(a).Results The serum concentrations of TC,HDL-C,ApoA1 in patients with psoriasis were signifi-cantly lower than those in control group(P <0.05),while the concentration of Lp(a)was significantly higher in psoriasis patients compared with those in control group(P <0.05).The serum level of TC,HDL-C,LDL-C and ApoA1 in pustular psoriasis group were significantly lower than those in the other two groups(P <0.05).Conclusion The patients with psoriasis have dyslipidemia, and the serious disorder situation could be associated with psoriasis types.

The primary function of optical in vivo imaging technique is tracing and detecting the action and expression of maker cells,maker microorganisms and maker molecules.This technique makes possible the noinvasive study of biological events continuously with high sensibility,simplicity and high speed.It has been applied in numerous research fields.This paper presents a review of principle and application of this technique.

BACKGROUND:Some control studies attempt to answer the advantages and disadvantages of high-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate therapy for acute spinal cord injury in adults, but have arrived at different conclusions. OBJECTIVE:To explore the therapeutic efficacy of high-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate therapy on acute spinal cord injury in adults by Meta analysis. METHODS:PubMed, Embase, Cochranel Library, CBMdisc, VIP and WanFang Databases were searched by computer, and relevant Chinese and English orthopedic journals were retrieved by hand. Controled trials related to high-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate therapy of acute spinal cord injury in adults were included. The methodology quality of included trials was criticaly assessed. RevMan 5.0 software was used for data analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Nine clinical controled trials were included. Meta-analysis results showed that compared with the conventional therapy, the neurological recovery rate after 24 hours of administration, pneumonia incidence and gastrointestinal reactions increased significantly after high-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate therapy. However, there were no statistical differences in the rate of urinary tract infection, nonunion rate and stress ulcer incidence between these two therapies. These findings indicate that the high-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate therapy on acute spinal cord injury in adults has better outcomes in neurological function recovery, but can lead to higher incidence of lung infection and gastrointestinal reactions. Therefore, lung infection and gastrointestinal reactions should be avoided as much as possible during the course of treatment.

AIM:To evaluate the recovery about the visual cortex function of stereopsis in anisometropic amblyopia after regular amblyopia treatment 6, 12 and 18mo with blood oxygenation level dependent - function magnetic resonance imaging techniques ( BOLD-fMRI) .
METHODS: In this study, self-controlled study before and after treatment was used, and blocks-designed fMRI was performed on 11 children which was the first phase of research for amblyopic treatment. Functional MRI data were processed by using SPM8 which based on the Matlab 7. 12. 0. 635. Through the hypothesis drive method, the differences range of activated area in each group were compared by before and after amblyopia treatment matched t-test.
RESULTS: The functional area that was left occipital lobe (BA18), middle occipital gyrus (BA19), limbic lobe (BA19), lingualis gyrus of the right occipital lobe (BA17) and the bilateral parietal lobe ( BA7 ) expanded after amblyopia treatment 6, 12mo, compared those treatment phase, mean t value was 1. 5762, 1. 6856 respectively (P<0. 001). However, the difference of activated intensity was lower after 18mo, mean t value was 1. 1473 (0. 001 CONCLUSION: In children anisometropic amblyopia, the speed of function reconstruction about visual cortical functional mediating stereopsis increase slowly after amblyopia treatment 1a.

Objective To develop a promising type of radiation dosimeter based on doped hydroxyapatite,and to study the stability of dosimetric characteristics indepth.Methods The samples prepared by stereotyping techniques were stored under different temperatures,humidity and illumination conditions after 60Co γ-ray irradiation.Electron spin resonance (ESR) technique was used to quantitatively measure the radiation-induced free radical signal.Results The signal change was less than 3% when the dosimeter was preserved at 4℃ or room temperature within 3 months in the experiment.At 40℃,the signal changed by about 13%,but at room temperature with the humidity less than 36%,the signal changed less than 2%.The change rose to about 8% when humidity was 76%.However,no significant decay of signal strength occurred at relatively high temperatures and under high humidity conditions.When the samples were stored under average illumination of 1600 lux or in a light-resistant container,the signal changes were less than 3.8% or 3.4% respectively.Long-term stability inspection at room temperature suggested a signal change within 4.8%.Conclusion The dosimetric properties of the material don't change significantly below room temperature in a natural environment and exhibit good stability over long-term storage.The free radical signal is not influenced drastically by relatively strong light exposure.However,a high temperature or a highly humid environment may have some effect on the measurement process,which should be taken into consideration in further applications.