Objective To investigate the impact of dietary protein intake on the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in adult residents, and to provide a reference for formulating diabetes prevention and control measures. Methods The research was based on cross-sectional survey data from the Nutrition and Health Follow-up Study of Chinese Residents in Chongqing (2021). Energy and nutrient intake was calculated in combination with the Chinese food composition table. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between dietary protein and diabetes, and then restricted cubic spline regression (RCS) was used to analyze the dose-response relationship between dietary protein intake and the development of diabetes. Results Among the 1 415 adult residents, dietary intake of total protein, animal protein, and plant protein was 69.69g/d, 26.26g/d, and 43.43g/d, respectively. The ratio of protein to energy supply was 14.31%, and the prevalence of diabetes was 18.02%. Comparing with the residents in the first percentile of total dietary protein intake, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios of those in the second and third percentile were 1.754 and 2.453 respectively. Comparing the residents in the third percentile with those in the first percentile, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios of diabetes were 1.592 for protein energy supply ratio, and 1.558 for animal protein intake. Conclusion High protein intake, high protein energy supply ratio and high animal protein intake may increase the risk of diabetes, and different types of protein may have different effects on diabetes.

Sophorae Flavescentis Radix is one of the commonly used traditional Chinese medicine in China, and a large amount of pharmaceutical residue generated during its processing and production is discarded as waste, which not only wastes resources but also pollutes the environment. Therefore, elucidating the chemical composition of the residue of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and the differences between the residue and Sophorae Flavescentis Radix itself is of great significance for the comprehensive utilization of the residue. This study, based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) technology combined with multivariate statistical methods, provides a thorough characterization, identification, and differential analysis of the overall components of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and its residue. Firstly, 61 compounds in Sophorae Flavescentis Radix were rapidly identified based on their precise molecular weight, fragment ions, and compound abundance, using a self-constructed compound database. Among them, 41 compounds were found in the residue, mainly alkaloids and flavonoids. Secondly, through principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA), 15 key compounds differentiating Sophorae Flavescentis Radix from its residue were identified. These included highly polar alkaloids, such as oxymatrine and oxysophocarpine, which showed significantly reduced content in the residue, and less polar flavonoids, such as kurarinone and kuraridin, which were more abundant in the residue. In summary, this paper clarifies the overall composition, structure, and content differences between Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and its residue, suggesting that the residue of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix can be used as a raw material for the extraction of its high-activity components, with promising potential for development and application in cosmetics and daily care. This research provides a scientific basis for the future comprehensive utilization of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and its residue.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Sophora/chemistry* ; Flavonoids/chemistry* ; Alkaloids/chemistry*

OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical efficacy of 3D printing spinal external fixator combined with McKenzie therapy for patients with lumbar dics herniation (LDH). METHODS: Sixty patients with LDH between January 2022 and January 2023 were enrolled. Among them, 30 patients were given McKinsey training. According to different treatment methods, all patients were divided into McKenzie group and McKenzie + 3D printing group, 30 patients in each group. The McKenzie group provided McKenzie therapy. The McKenzie + 3D printing group were treated with 3D printing spinal external fixation brace on the basis of McKenzie therapy. Patients in both groups were between 25 and 60 years of age and had their first illness. In the McKenzie group, there were 19 males and 11 females, with an average age of (48.57±5.86) years old, and the disease duration was (7.03 ±2.39) months. The McKenzie + 3D printing group, there were 21 males and 9 females, with an average age of (48.80±5.92) years old, and the disease duration was(7.30±2.56) months. Pain was evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and lumbar spine function was assessed using the Oswestry disability index (ODI) and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score. VAS, ODI and JOA scores were compared between two groups before treatment and at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after treatment. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 12 months. The VAS for the McKenzie combined with 3D printing group before treatment and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-treatment were(6.533±0.860), (5.133±1.008), (3.933±0.868), (2.900±0.759), (2.067±0.640), (1.433±0.504), respectively. In the McKenzie group, the corresponding scores were (6.467±0.860), (5.067±1.048), (4.600±0.968), (3.533±1.008), (2.567±0.728), (1.967±0.809), respectively. The ODI of the McKenzie group before treatment and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-treatment were (41.033±6.810)%, (37.933±6.209)%, (35.467±6.962)%, (27.567±10.081)%, (20.800±7.531)%, (13.533±5.158)%, respectively. For the McKenzie combined with 3D printing group, the corresponding ODI were(38.033±5.605)%, (33.000±6.192)%, (28.767±7.045)%, (22.200±5.517)%, (17.700±4.836)%, (11.900±2.771)%, respectively. The JOA scores of the McKenzie combined with 3D printing group before treatment and at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-treatment were(8.900±2.074), (13.133±2.330), (15.700±3.583), (20.400±3.480), (22.267±3.084), (24.833±2.640), respectively. In the McKenzie group, the corresponding scores were(9.200±2.091), (12.267±2.406), (15.333±3.198), (18.467±2.240), (20.133±2.751), (22.467±2.849), respectively. Before the initiation of treatment, no statistically significant differences were observed in the VAS, ODI, and JOA scores between two groups (P>0.05). At 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-treatment, the VAS in the McKenzie combined with 3D printing group was significantly lower than that in the McKenzie group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The comparison of ODI between two groups at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months post-treatment revealed statistically significant differences (P<0.05). At 6, 9, and 12 months post-treatment, the JOA score in the McKenzie combined with 3D printing group was significantly higher than that in the McKenzie-only group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The combination of 3D printed functional spinal external fixation brace with McKenzie therapy can significantly improve and maintain lumbar function in patients with LDH.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Printing, Three-Dimensional ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement/surgery* ; External Fixators ; Lumbar Vertebrae/surgery* ; Adult ; Braces ; Treatment Outcome

Peri-implant keratinized mucosa (PIKM) augmentation refers to surgical procedures aimed at increasing the width of PIKM. Consensus reports emphasize the necessity of maintaining a minimum width of PIKM to ensure long-term peri-implant health. Currently, several surgical techniques have been validated for their effectiveness in increasing PIKM. However, the selection and application of PIKM augmentation methods may present challenges for dental practitioners due to heterogeneity in surgical techniques, variations in clinical scenarios, and anatomical differences. Therefore, clear guidelines and considerations for PIKM augmentation are needed. This expert consensus focuses on the commonly employed surgical techniques for PIKM augmentation and the factors influencing their selection at second-stage surgery. It aims to establish a standardized framework for assessing, planning, and executing PIKM augmentation procedures, with the goal of offering evidence-based guidance to enhance the predictability and success of PIKM augmentation.
Humans ; Consensus ; Dental Implants ; Mouth Mucosa/surgery* ; Keratins

Objective:To investigate the safety,efficacy,and prognosis of high-dose melphalan in combination with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). Methods:The clinical data of 17 patients with newly diagnosed MM who underwent ASCT as first-line consolidation therapy at the Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College from March 2020 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The safety,efficacy,and prognosis of this treatment approach were evaluated. Results:Of the 17 patients,10 were male and 7 were female,with a median age of 56 (45-64) years. The stem cell engraftment rate was 100％,with a median neutrophil engraftment time of+10 (9-12) days and a median platelet engraftment time of+12 (10-21) days. The incidence of oral mucositis and intestinal infection after transplantation was 100％,with 2 cases of pulmonary infection,1 case of urinary tract infection,1 case of skin infection,and 11 cases of transient elevation of serum amylase. After transplantation,13 patients achieved a complete response (CR) or better,and the CR rate showed an increasing trend compared to before transplantation (13/17 vs 8/17;P=0.078). The median follow-up time was 18 (6-36) months,and 15 patients survived without progression,1 patient experienced disease progression,and 1 patient died due to clinical relapse and abandonment of treatment. The 2-year overall survival (OS) rate and progression-free survival (PFS) rate were approximately 90.0％ and 83.9％,respectively. Conclusion:High-dose melphalan in combination with ASCT as first-line consolidation therapy for MM can enhance the depth of patient response,further improve therapeutic efficacy,and the transplant-related complications are controllable,making it a viable option worth promoting in clinical practice.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective:To explore expression and prognostic value of oncostatin M(OSM)in endometrial cancer and to analyze relationship between OSM expression and immune cell infiltration in endometrial cancer tissues.Methods:OSM expression in pan-can-cer was analyzed by TIMER database,OSM expression in endometrial cancer and normal tissues was compared,and survival analysis for patients with different OSM expression was performed;relationship between OSM expression and immune cell infiltration was analyzed by TIMER and TISIDB,and ssGSEA algorithm was used to calculate difference in abundance of immune cell infiltration in samples with different OSM expression;GSEA software was applied to perform enrichment analysis;clinical tissue samples were collected for validation.Results:OSM expression was higher in endometrial cancer tissues than that in normal endometrial tissues(P=4.1e-28),and endometrial cancer patients with high OSM expression had prolonged recurrence-free survival(RFS)(P=0.004 8).OSM expression was positively correlated with abundance of immune cell infiltration and genetic markers of immune cells(P<0.05).OSM was mainly enriched in immune-related signaling pathways.OSM expression was higher in endometrial cancer tissues than normal and atypical hyperplastic tissues(P=0.016 9).Proportions of immune cell markers CD4,CD8,and CD68 were increased in tumor tissues with high OSM expression(all P<0.05),which were positively correlated with OSM expression.Conclusion:OSM is highly expressed in endometrial cancer tissues and correlated with prognosis;OSM expression is positively correlated with immune cell infiltration level and can be used as a biomarker for immunotherapy and prognosis.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of restylane volyme cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel injection via dual-plane technique for cheek depression and mild to moderate skin laxity in the mid-lower face.Methods:The data of patients with cheek concavity accompanied by mild to moderate skin laxity in the mid-lower face treated at Jinan MeiAo Plastic Surgery Hospital from February 2023 to January 2024 were retrospectively collected. The treatment was injection of cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel via double-plane technique, with needle insertion points located 1-2 cm anterior to the tragus. After insertion, a 23 G blunt needle was used to fanwise inject the subcutaneous fat (superficial layer) and the subcutaneous (deep layer) fat compartments in the concave area of the cheek, and a suitable amount of subcutaneous injection was administered below the zygomatic arch to soften the prominent zygomatic arch and achieve natural smoothness of the filling area. The total volume injected per side ranged from 1.5 to 3.5 ml. The patient’s skin condition was closely observed during the injection process, followed by gentle compression after injection. Patient images were collected preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at 6 months postoperatively. Blind evaluator used the facial laxity rating scale (FLRS) and medicis midface volume scale (MMVS) to evaluate the improvement in facial laxity and fullness. A higher rating/score of the scale indicates greater laxity or worse fullness of the face, and a decrease of 1 grade/point postoperatively compared to preoperative status was considered effective, while a decrease of ≥2 grades/points was considered significantly effective. Patients used the global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS) to self-assess the improvement in facial appearance before and after treatment, with a maximum score of 5 points indicating the most noticeable improvement. Patient satisfaction and effect durability were investigated using a self-made satisfaction scale. The occurrence of patient complications was recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 statistical software, with measurement data expressed as Mean±SD, and paired t-tests used for comparison of GAIS scores immediately postoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively within the same patient. Categorical data were presented as cases (%). Results:A total of 80 female patients aged 30 to 50 years were included, all of whom were followed up for over 6 months. The FLRS grades showed that compared with preoperative status, all patients immediately postoperatively were rated as effective (69 cases, 86.3%) or significantly effective (11 cases, 13.8%). Compared with immediately postoperatively, 74 cases (92.5%) had no change in rating at 6 months postoperatively, while 6 cases (7.5%) experienced a 1-grade increase, indicating a slight reduction in treatment efficacy. The MMVS scores of the right and left facial sides of patients showed that compared with preoperative status, all patients immediately postoperatively achieved effective (right side: 55 cases, 68.8%; left side: 69 cases, 86.2%) or significantly effective (right side: 25 cases, 31.2%; left side: 11 cases, 13.8%) improvement in facial fullness. Compared with immediately postoperatively, at 6 months postoperatively, right side of 70 cases (87.5%) and left side of 77 cases (96.2%) had no change in grading, the other 12 patients (13 sides) increased by 1 point, indicating that the treatment effect was slightly weakened. All patients believed that their facial appearance improved after treatment, with GAIS scores of 4.5±0.5 immediately after treatment, while of 4.4±0.5 at 6 months postoperatively, the difference was not statistically significant ( t=1.08, P=0.280). The satisfaction rate (very satisfied+ satisfied) immediately postoperatively was 97.5% (78/80). Seventy-two (90.0%) cases expressed willingness to undergo secondary treatment. At 6 months post-treatment, the satisfaction rate (very satisfied+ satisfied) with treatment improvement and maintenance was 98.8% (79/80). Sixty-eight (85.0%) cases believed the treatment improvement effect could be maintained for about 6 months. One patient experienced mild redness and slight swelling in the injection area immediately postoperatively, which subsided after icing. No other obvious adverse reaction occurred. Conclusion:The use of double-plane technique injection of cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel can safely and effectively improve cheek concavity, alleviate mild to moderate skin laxity in the mid-lower face, and maintain treatment efficacy for approximately 6 months.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of restylane volyme cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel injection via dual-plane technique for cheek depression and mild to moderate skin laxity in the mid-lower face.Methods:The data of patients with cheek concavity accompanied by mild to moderate skin laxity in the mid-lower face treated at Jinan MeiAo Plastic Surgery Hospital from February 2023 to January 2024 were retrospectively collected. The treatment was injection of cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel via double-plane technique, with needle insertion points located 1-2 cm anterior to the tragus. After insertion, a 23 G blunt needle was used to fanwise inject the subcutaneous fat (superficial layer) and the subcutaneous (deep layer) fat compartments in the concave area of the cheek, and a suitable amount of subcutaneous injection was administered below the zygomatic arch to soften the prominent zygomatic arch and achieve natural smoothness of the filling area. The total volume injected per side ranged from 1.5 to 3.5 ml. The patient’s skin condition was closely observed during the injection process, followed by gentle compression after injection. Patient images were collected preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at 6 months postoperatively. Blind evaluator used the facial laxity rating scale (FLRS) and medicis midface volume scale (MMVS) to evaluate the improvement in facial laxity and fullness. A higher rating/score of the scale indicates greater laxity or worse fullness of the face, and a decrease of 1 grade/point postoperatively compared to preoperative status was considered effective, while a decrease of ≥2 grades/points was considered significantly effective. Patients used the global aesthetic improvement scale (GAIS) to self-assess the improvement in facial appearance before and after treatment, with a maximum score of 5 points indicating the most noticeable improvement. Patient satisfaction and effect durability were investigated using a self-made satisfaction scale. The occurrence of patient complications was recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 statistical software, with measurement data expressed as Mean±SD, and paired t-tests used for comparison of GAIS scores immediately postoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively within the same patient. Categorical data were presented as cases (%). Results:A total of 80 female patients aged 30 to 50 years were included, all of whom were followed up for over 6 months. The FLRS grades showed that compared with preoperative status, all patients immediately postoperatively were rated as effective (69 cases, 86.3%) or significantly effective (11 cases, 13.8%). Compared with immediately postoperatively, 74 cases (92.5%) had no change in rating at 6 months postoperatively, while 6 cases (7.5%) experienced a 1-grade increase, indicating a slight reduction in treatment efficacy. The MMVS scores of the right and left facial sides of patients showed that compared with preoperative status, all patients immediately postoperatively achieved effective (right side: 55 cases, 68.8%; left side: 69 cases, 86.2%) or significantly effective (right side: 25 cases, 31.2%; left side: 11 cases, 13.8%) improvement in facial fullness. Compared with immediately postoperatively, at 6 months postoperatively, right side of 70 cases (87.5%) and left side of 77 cases (96.2%) had no change in grading, the other 12 patients (13 sides) increased by 1 point, indicating that the treatment effect was slightly weakened. All patients believed that their facial appearance improved after treatment, with GAIS scores of 4.5±0.5 immediately after treatment, while of 4.4±0.5 at 6 months postoperatively, the difference was not statistically significant ( t=1.08, P=0.280). The satisfaction rate (very satisfied+ satisfied) immediately postoperatively was 97.5% (78/80). Seventy-two (90.0%) cases expressed willingness to undergo secondary treatment. At 6 months post-treatment, the satisfaction rate (very satisfied+ satisfied) with treatment improvement and maintenance was 98.8% (79/80). Sixty-eight (85.0%) cases believed the treatment improvement effect could be maintained for about 6 months. One patient experienced mild redness and slight swelling in the injection area immediately postoperatively, which subsided after icing. No other obvious adverse reaction occurred. Conclusion:The use of double-plane technique injection of cross-linked sodium hyaluronate gel can safely and effectively improve cheek concavity, alleviate mild to moderate skin laxity in the mid-lower face, and maintain treatment efficacy for approximately 6 months.