Objective To evaluate prescribing antibiotics in medical patients visiting the polyclinic at 2008 Beijing Olympic Village for its further reasonable use. Methods Clinical prescriptions for all the medical patients at the polyclinic were reviewed retrospectively. Consistency between antibiotics prescriptions and their indications formulated before 2008 Beijing Olympic Games was evaluated, as well as related factors for their overuse. Results In total, 1537 patients visited the polyclinic and 1233 recipes were prescribed,with 956 patients (62. 2% ) with infections, including 809 (52. 6% ) of respiratory infections. One hundred and forty-nine of 1537 patients (9. 7% ) were treated with antibiotics, accounting for 12. 1 percent of all prescriptions, and 43 cases (28.9%) were identified as antibiotics overuse, including 39 cases with respiratory infections. Prevalence of antibiotics overuse was significantly more for patients of domestic employees than that for non-employees (34. 6% vs. 14.3% , P <0. 01 ), with art independent association between them (OR 3.07, 95% CI 1.11 - 8. 50). Conclusions Although the polyclinic has successfully reduced unnecessary antibiotics use, their overuse remains to be reduced, and physicians' strict adhesion to indications for antibiotics use and patient education are essential for their rational use in primary care of China.

Objective To observe the behavior changes and synaptic reconstruction of brain and the impact of gastrodin in rats with epilepysy induced by pentylenetetrazole.Methods Fifty Wistar rats in growth(50-70 g) were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group,Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) group,gastrodin high dose group,gastrodin low dose group and sodium valproate group,each group had 10 rats.According to Racine classification,the behavior changes of rats and the frequency were recorded.Conventional method was adopt to perfuse cordis, fix and extract the brain,and the immunohistochemistry was used to detect synaptophysin(P38) expression in the temporal lobe and hippocampus of the brain after 4 weeks.Results 1.Four weeks after pentylenetetrazole ignited the growth period rats,the attack-level of each experimental group through comparison with each other,there was statistically significant difference(?2=35.83 P0.05).Conclusions There are mossy fiber sprouting and the formation of synaptic reconstruction in temporal lobe and hippocampus of the growth period rats repea-tedly ignited by pentylenetetrazole.Gastrodin may play a role in the formation of antiepileptic obviously,and through decreasing the expression of P38,which can inhibit the formation of synaptic reconstruction,as control seizures indirectly.

TRESK is the most recently reported two-pore domain K+ channel, and different from other two-pore domain channels in gene, molecular structure, electrophysiological and pharmacological properties. Although the current knowledge of this potassium channel is inadequate, researches have demonstrated that TRESK is remarkablely linked to acute and chronic pain by activation of calcineurin. The fact that TRESK is sensitive to volatile anesthetics and localization in central nerve system implies that TRESK may play a very important role in the mechanism mediating general anesthesia. The further research of TRESK may contribute to explore the underlying mechanism of some pathological conditions and yield novel treatments for some diseases.
Amino Acid Sequence ; physiology ; Anesthetics, General ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Calcineurin ; metabolism ; Cell Membrane ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Central Nervous System ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Pain ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Peripheral Nervous System ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Potassium Channels ; chemistry ; drug effects ; physiology

BACKGROUND: Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is one of the main activators of heart failure. Currently, no drug can completely reverse or inhibit the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. To this end, we proposed a silicate ion therapy based on extract derived from calcium silicate (CS) bioceramics for the treatment of angiotensin II (Ang II) induced cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS: In this study, the Ang II induced cardiac hypertrophy mouse model was established, and the silicate ion extract was injected to mice intravenously. The cardiac function was evaluated by using a high-resolution Vevo 3100 small animal ultrasound imaging system. Wheat germ Agglutinin, Fluo4-AM staining and immunofluorescent staining was conducted to assess the cardiac hypertrophy, intracellular calcium and angiogenesis of heart tissue, respectively. RESULTS: The in vitro results showed that silicate ions could inhibit the cell size of cardiomyocytes, reduce cardiac hypertrophic gene expression, including atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and b-myosin heavy chain (b-MHC), decrease the content of intracellular calcium induced by Ang II. In vivo experiments in mice confirmed that intravenous injection of silicate ions could remarkably inhibit the cardiac hypertrophy and promote the formation of capillaries, further alleviating Ang II-induced cardiac function disorder. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the released silicate ions from CS possessed potential value as a novel therapeutic strategy of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, which provided a new insight for clinical trials.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of a new type of self-made bone drill applied to percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy for L5/S1 intervertebral disc herniation.Methods The clinical data of 52 patients with L5/S1 intervertebral disc herniation admitted to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.All patients underwent percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy,with a new type of self-made bone drill for foraminoplasty during the surgery.The surgical conditions and occurrence of complications were recorded.The pain of patients before surgery,3 days after surgery,3 months after surgery,6 months after surgery,and 1 year after surgery was assessed by visual analogue scale(VAS);and the neurological function improvement before and after surgery was evaluated by Oswestry disability index(ODI).Results All patients underwent successful surgery without serious complications or recurrence after surgery.The VAS and ODI scores of patients 3 days,3 months,6 months,and 1 year after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion The self-made new bone drill can significantly improve the efficiency of foraminoplasty and ensure surgical safety,with satisfactory early clinical effect.

Adult ; Female ; Hand ; surgery ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Toes ; transplantation

OBJECTIVETo examine the distribution of fluorouracil in gastric cancer (CA), lymph node (LN), normal gastric mucosa (NG), peritoneum (PE), greater omentum (GO) and lesser omentum (LO) by preoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy with Co-fluorouracil liposome (Co 5-Fu), and offer an experimental basis for clinic practice.

METHODSNinety-six gastric cancer patients were divided into four groups: Co 5-Fu i.v. injection group (Co 5-Fu i.v.), Co 5-Fu intraperitoneal perfusion group (Co 5-Fu i.p.), 5-Fu i.v. injection group (5-Fu i.v.) and intraperitoneal perfusion group (5-Fu i.p.) given on day-2, day-1 and 60 minutes before operation. Fluorouracil concentration in all tissues collected during operation were examined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

RESULTSThe fluorouracil concentration in the tissues in Co 5-Fu i.p. group was significantly higher than that in Co 5-Fu i.v. or 5-Fu i.p. group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and that in 5-Fu i.p. group was greatly higher than that at 5-Fu i.v. group (P < 0.01). In Co 5-Fu i.p. group, the concentration of drug in LN, CA, PE, NG, GO and LO decreased gradually with the former 3 tissues significantly higher than the latter 3 tissues (P < 0.01), and adjacent lymph node was the highest. In Co 5-Fu i.v. group, the ranking was LN, CA, NG, PE, GO and LO with the former 3 tissues significantly higher than the latter 3 tissues (P < 0.01) and showing tumor tissues higher than the other tissues (P < 0.01). In 5-Fu i.p. group, the ranking was PE, LN, CA, NG, GO and LO with the former 2 tissues significantly higher than the latter tissues (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCo 5-Fu possesses drug targeting, slow release and long effect in gastric cancer tissues and adjacent lymph nodes. Preoperative chemotherapy with Co 5-Fu i.p. is more advantageous than 5-Fu given i.v. or 5-Fu i.p.

Aged ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Gastric Mucosa ; metabolism ; Humans ; Infusions, Parenteral ; Injections, Intravenous ; Liposomes ; Lymph Nodes ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Omentum ; metabolism ; Panax ; chemistry ; Peritoneum ; metabolism ; Polysaccharides ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Preoperative Care ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo discuss the effect of modified double tracks anastomosis in patients with type Siewert II-III( adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction(AEG) treated with radical gastrectomy.

METHODSClinical data of 763 patients with type Siewert II-III AEG undergoing radical operation in our department from January 2004 to December 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were randomized into 3 groups according to the different procedures modes: radical proximal gastrectomy with modified double tracks anastomosis(266 cases), radical proximal gastrectomy with esophageal gastric stump end-to-side anastomosis(252 cases), and radical total gastrectomy with esophageal jejunum Roux-en-Y anastomosis(245 cases). There were no significant differences in general information and biological characteristics among the 3 groups(all P>0.05). Radical degree, safety, quality of life and prognosis were compared among 3 groups.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences in postoperative complications among the three groups(P>0.05). Six months after operation, in modified double tracks anastomosis group, food intake recovery percentage was superior to the other two groups, and the Visick scores and endoscopic grading were better than esophageal gastric stump end-to-side anastomosis group(all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in recurrent rate of gastric stump between modified double tracks anastomosis group and esophageal gastric stump end-to-side anastomosis group(P>0.05). The 5-year overall survival rate of these 3 groups was 48.7%, 46.3% and 50.2% respectively, and no significant difference was found(all P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONModified double tracks anastomosis is an ideal surgical method for type II-III AEG.

Adenocarcinoma ; Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Gastrectomy ; Gastric Stump ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Survival Rate

PURPOSE: To provide a systematic review with meta-analysis for addressing the relationship between fecal bile acids (FBAs) and colorectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electronic databases were searched for all observational studies that examined the relationship between FBAs and colorectal cancer or adenoma, and calculated weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Publication bias was assessed with funnel plot. RESULTS: Twenty case-control or cohort studies were identified. All studies were pooled to assess the relationship between total FBAs and cancer/adenoma of the large bowel, however, no association was seen (WMD 0.61mg/g freeze-dried feces; 95% CI: -0.35-1.57). Significantly increased concentration of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) was seen while pooling to assess the relationship between CDCA and cancer/adenoma of the large bowel (WMD 0.13 mg/g freeze-dried feces; 95% CI: 0.01-0.25), especially for colorectal cancer (WMD 0.28mg/g freeze-dried feces; 95% CI: 0.10-0.46). However, no significant differences in deoxycholic acid (DCA), lithocholic acid (LCA), and primary and secondary bile acids, were seen between patients with cancer and patients with matched controls regardless of fixed and random effects models. CONCLUSION: CDCA might play a role in the etiology of colorectal cancer.
Bile Acids and Salts/*metabolism ; Carcinoma/etiology/*metabolism ; Case-Control Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Colorectal Neoplasms/etiology/*metabolism ; Feces/*chemistry ; Female ; Humans ; Male

BACKGROUNDPigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is expressed in several normal organs and identified as an inhibitor of neovascularization. In the present study, we investigated the effect of PEDF in an in vitro model of ocular choroidal neovascularization.

METHODSMicrodissection was used to isolate the human choroidal endothelial cells (CECs), followed by the use of superparamagnetic beads (Dynabeads) coated with the CD31 antibody, which selectively binds to the endothelial cell surface. The mitogenic and motogenic effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on cultured choroidal capillary endothelial cells were examined in the presence or absence of PEDF (1, 10, 100, and 1000 ng/ml) using cell counts and migration assays.

RESULTSCells bound to the beads were isolated using a magnetic particle concentrator and they were successfully cultured and characterized to be endothelial cells that possessed greater than 95% immunoreactivity to von Willebrand factor. PEDF suppressed the proliferation and migration of VEGF-induced choroidal capillary endothelial cells. However, the concentration of PEDF which we used has little effect on normal CECs.

CONCLUSIONSPEDF played an important role on the growth and migration of VEGF-stimulated choroidal endothelial cell. These findings suggest that PEDF may be an effective approach to the treatment of choroidal neovascular disorders.

Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Choroid ; blood supply ; drug effects ; Choroidal Neovascularization ; drug therapy ; Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Eye Proteins ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Nerve Growth Factors ; pharmacology ; Serpins ; pharmacology ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; pharmacology