Eight species of Marssonina parasitic on 21 species of host plants from Korea are described and illustrated. They are Marssonina brunnea (Ellis & Everh.) Magnus, M. capsulicola (Rostr.) Magnus, M. celastri H.D. Shin & H.T. Lee, M. coronaria (Ellis & Davis) Davis, M. fragariae (Lib.) Kleb., M. juglandis (Lib.) Magnus, M. rosae (Lib.) Died. and M. sennenis (Gonz. Frag.) Vassiljevsky & Karak. Of these, M. capsulicola and M. coronaria sometimes poss three-celled conidia and M. sennenis is characterized by a short appendage at the basal end of the conidia. Morphological features of conidia and host ranges were of taxonomic values for species delimitation.
Fragaria ; Host Specificity ; Korea* ; Rosa ; Spores, Fungal

BACKGROUND: Various tools for the acute response system (ARS) predict and prevent acute deterioration in pediatric patients. However, detailed criteria have not been clarified. Thus we evaluated the effectiveness of bradycardia as a single parameter in pediatric ARS. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients who had visited a tertiary care children's hospital from January 2012 to June 2013, in whom ARS was activated because of bradycardia. Patient's medical records were reviewed for clinical characteristics, cardiologic evaluations, and reversible causes that affect heart rate. RESULTS: Of 271 cases, 261 (96%) had ARS activation by bradycardia alone with favorable outcomes. Evaluations and interventions were performed in 165 (64.5%) and 13 cases (6.6%) respectively. All patients in whom ARS was activated owing to bradycardia and another criteria underwent evaluation, unlike those with bradycardia alone (100.0% vs. 63.2%, p = 0.016). Electrocardiograms were evaluated in 233 (86%) cases: arrhythmias were due to borderline QT prolongation and atrioventricular block (1st and 2nd-degree) in 25 cases (9.2%). Bradycardia-related causes were reversible in 202 patients (74.5%). Specific causes were different in departments at admission. Patients admitted to the hemato-oncology department required ARS activation during the night (69.3%, p = 0.03), those to the endocrinology department required ARS activation because of medication (72.4%, p < 0.001), and those to the gastroenterology department had low body mass indexes (32%, p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Using bradycardia alone in pediatric ARS is not useful, because of its low specificity and poor predictive ability for deterioration. However, bradycardia can be applied to ARS concurrently with other parameters.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Atrioventricular Block ; Body Mass Index ; Bradycardia* ; Electrocardiography ; Endocrinology ; Gastroenterology ; Heart Arrest ; Heart Rate ; Hospital Rapid Response Team ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Pediatrics ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tertiary Healthcare

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight*

In 1983, Nora et. al. reperted 35 cases of bizarre parosteal osteochodromatous proliferations of the hands and feet. All lesions occured on proximal phalanges, metatarsals, or metacarpals. The gross appearance was typically that of a small osteochondroma. Radiologically, the proliferations lacked both central continuity of the tumor with the underlying osseus medulla and flaring of the adjacent cortices. Histologically, the lesion exhibited marked proliferative activity, irregular bohy cartilaginous interface, and enlarged, bizarre, and binucleate chondrocyte. The authors experienced a case of bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation of the right foot in a 61 year-old female which arised from the proximal phalanges of second toe, hostologic and radiologic findings were consistent with the bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation. The mass was treated by excision, and neither recurrence, nor malignant change was observed up to one year follow-up period.
Chondrocytes ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Hand ; Humans ; Metacarpal Bones ; Metatarsal Bones ; Osteochondroma ; Recurrence ; Toes

Longitudinal growth acceleration of the femoral shaft after fracture in children has been recognized since the late nineteenth century, Orthopaedic surgeons have attempted to compensate for the leg length discrepancy by allowing union to occur with some degree of shortening, but logitudinal overgrowth following fractures of the tibial shaft in children has been rarely studied. Thirty-one children, treated for fracture of the shaft of tibia, were studied prospectively to assess the consequent increase in longitudinal growth of the tibia. The material presented in this paper is the result of the study of thirty-one children with fractured tibia who were treated in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital of Hallym University, since 1986 October, the age of the child varied from 3 years to 13 years, these cases have been followed from 30 months to 40 months. We have made a radiologic study of fracture of the tibial shaft with a view to analysing the results according to a number of factors, including the sex and the type, site and degree of overriding of fracture, and method of treatment, and then the degree of overgrowth was compared with unaffected side. 1. The average tibial overgrowth following tibial shaft fracture is 7mm. 2. Growth of the femur was not affected by the tibial fracture.
Acceleration ; Child ; Femur ; Heart ; Humans ; Leg ; Methods ; Prospective Studies ; Surgeons ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures

Cirsoid aneurysm of the calp is a congenital arteriovenous malformation which is the result of abnormal connections betwe:.n the external carotid artery and scalp veins with a subsequent dilatation of vascular channels nd formation of aneurysm. We report a case of cirsoid aneurysm of the scalp on the left parieto-occipital area of 14-year-old female who had had 8 x 5 x 0.8 cm sized pulsating soft mass for 2 years. 4 vessel angiog raphy revealed a arteriovenous malformation that emerge mainly from a superficial temporal artery and occipital artery of the left external carotid artery and partially from the right superficial temporal artery and drined into the left scalp vein. The mass was removed by excision with ligation of the feeding arter es and followed up for 2 years without recurrence.
Adolescent ; Aneurysm* ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Carotid Artery, External ; Dilatation ; Female ; Humans ; Ligation ; Recurrence ; Scalp* ; Temporal Arteries ; Veins

PURPOSE: Prostatitis is a common condition with a significant effect on quality of life. Even though the etiology of chronic prostatitis remains unclear, certain bacterial infections may play a major role. In recent studies, E. coli, one important etiology of urinary tract infection, was found to mediate invasion into the bladder epithelium after binding uroplakin Ia in the apical membrane of the urinary bladder. Because E. coli is also an important pathogen for bacterial prostatitis, we investigated the uroplakin mRNA expression in micro-dissected mouse prostates. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We harvested the urinary bladder, ventral prostate, dorso-lateral prostate, and coagulating gland from 3 male imprinting control region (ICR) mice. The total RNA was extracted, cDNA was prepared, and finally the five target genes--uroplakin Ia, Ib, II, III, and beta-actin were amplified. We also examined the expressed sequence tags (EST) about above four uroplakin genes from mouse EST data. RESULTS: Uroplakin Ia, Ib, II, and III were expressed in the urinary bladder. However, only uroplakin Ia was definitively expressed in the ventral prostate. Uroplakin Ib and II were weakly expressed in the ventral, dorso-lateral, and coagulating prostate. Uroplakin III was not expressed in the prostate tissue. The mouse RNA transcripts in the EST data also showed similar results to uroplakin expression in the prostate. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the mouse ventral prostate may be an adequate locus for acute or chronic bacterial prostatitis study. Further in-vitro bacteriologic studies of the ventral prostate will help reveal the mechanisms of chronic bacterial prostatitis.
Actins ; Animals ; Bacterial Infections ; DNA, Complementary ; Epithelium ; Expressed Sequence Tags ; Humans ; Male ; Membranes ; Mice ; Prostate ; Prostatitis ; Quality of Life ; RNA ; RNA, Messenger ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Uroplakin Ia ; Uroplakin Ib ; Uroplakin III ; Uroplakins

PURPOSE: Knee IVIR images were repeatedly obtained after intravenous administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine to evaluate the arthrographic effect and to determine the optimal scan timing and technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sagittal Tl-weighted (650/15) sequences were repeated before and after intravenous gadolinium enhancement in 26 patients who were divided into exercise (14/26) and nonexercise (12/26) groups. Fourteen patients in exercise group were allowed to move the affected knee joint actively for 10 minutes immediately after the first post-enhancement scan and before repeating scans. The signal intensities in central and peripheral portions of the joint were measured and compared between these two groups. RESULTS: In all cases, enhancement of joint fluid began at peripheral portion and progressed toward central portion. The diffusion rate in exercise group was far faster than that in nonexercise group and homogeneous arthrographic image was revealed within 10 minutes after completion of joint movement. The arthrographic effect continued and the rate of signal decrease was quite slow. CONCLUSION: MR arthrographic image of knee joint can be obtained within 10 minutes after completion of a few minute exercise following intravenous injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine. Intravenous MR arthrography is expected to become an useful method as a convenient alternative to direct MR arthrography.
Administration, Intravenous ; Arthrography* ; Diffusion ; Gadolinium ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Knee*

Acute cerebral infarctions are rare in children, however, they can occur as a complication of a Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection due to direct invasion, vasculitis, or a hypercoagulable state. We report on the case of a 5-year-old boy who had an extensive stroke in multiple cerebrovascular territories 10 days after the diagnosis of MP infection. Based on the suspicion that the cerebral infarction was associated with a macrolide-resistant MP infection, the patient was treated with levofloxacin, methyl-prednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin, and enoxaparin. Despite this medical management, cerebral vascular narrowing progressed and a decompressive craniectomy became necessary for the patient's survival. According to laboratory tests, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and clinical manifestations, the cerebral infarction in this case appeared to be due to the combined effects of hypercoagulability and cytokineinduced vascular inflammation.
Brain ; Cerebral Infarction* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Decompressive Craniectomy ; Diagnosis ; Enoxaparin ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; Inflammation ; Levofloxacin ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae* ; Mycoplasma* ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma* ; Stroke ; Thrombophilia ; Thrombosis ; Vasculitis