Background and purpose:Colorectal serrated adenoma (SA) was ofifcially named in 2000 by the WHO as a separate disease, with unique properties compared with traditional adenoma (TA), and its relationship with colorectal cancer (CRC) is very concerned. This study was to analyze and compare the telomerase, p53 and Ki-67 immunohistochemical expression on the tissues of SA, TA and CRC. Methods:Immunohistochemistry was adopted to analyze the expression of telomerase, p53, and Ki-67 in 37 cases of SA, 36 cases of TA and 34 cases of CRC. Results:The p53-positive percentage of SA was signiifcantly lower than that of TA (P<0.01), and the p53-positive percentage of TA was signiifcantly lower than that of CRC (P<0.01). No signiifcant difference of Ki-67 expression was found between SA and TA, and the Ki-67-positive percentage of SA and TA was lower than that of CRC (P<0.01). The telomerase-positive percentage of TA was signiifcantly lower than that of SA (P<0.01), and the telomerase-positive percentage of SA was signiifcantly lower than that of CRC (P<0.05). Conclusion:Telomerase, P53, and Ki-67 immunohisto chemical analysis indicated that SA is a kind of proliferative adenoma, and telomerase activation may play a role in the cancer process.

Objective To investigate the effects of vitamin D on synthesis and secretion of lubricin in chondrocytes at the cellular level. Methods Rat articular chondrocytes were stimulated by TNF-α. Normal and inflammatory chondrocytes were treated by different doses of vitamin D respectively. ELISA and Western Blot were used to detect the secretion of lubricin in the supernatant and the synthesis level in the cells. Results TNF-α significantly reduced the activity of both normal chondrocytes and chondrocytes in inflammatory state. TNF-α also significantly reduced the expression of lubricin in the cells and supernatant. 1α,25(OH)2D3 increased the activity of both normal chondrocytes and chondrocytes in inflammatory state. 1α,25(OH)2D3 significantly elevated the secretion and expression of supernatant and intracellular lubricin only in chondrocytes stimulated by TNF-α in a dose-dependent manner, but not in normal chondrocytes. Conclusions Vitamin D can promote the secretion and expression of lubricin in inflammatory state chondrocytes, which may act as one of the mechanisms of vitamin D protecting the cartilage surface in osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the protective effects of affiliating portasystemic shunt on small-for-size graft in liver transplantation.

METHODSFifteen Chinese Bama miniature pigs were divided into three groups: group A (small-for-size liver transplantation), group B (distal splenorenal shunt + small-for-size liver transplantation), and group C (mesocaval H-shape shunt + small-for-size liver transplantation). Animals were followed up for 7 days with survival, dynamical liver function biochemical parameters, liver biopsies, portal venous pressure (PVP) and portal blood flow (PBF).

RESULTSAnimal survivals were as follows: group A, 1/5, group B, 3/5 and group C, 5/5.Group A resulted in abnormal liver function parameters that were significantly ameliorated in group B and C. The histological examination of graft in group A displayed severe pathologic changes including hepatocyte vacuolar change or necrosis, sinusoidal congestion, parenchymal hemorrhage. Affiliating portasystemic shunt significantly alleviated graft injuries in group B and C. PVP rose and peaked up to 28.6 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa), PBF fluctuated after reperfusion in group A, but group B and C with affiliating portasystemic shunt showed significantly lower PVP and maintained rather stable PBF after reperfusion. There were also statistical differences in PVP or PBF between group B and C.

CONCLUSIONSAffiliating portasystemic shunt effectively might protect small-for-size graft from injuries after reperfusion.

Animals ; Female ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Transplantation ; Male ; Models, Animal ; Portal Pressure ; Portal Vein ; physiology ; Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical ; methods ; Random Allocation ; Regional Blood Flow ; Survival Rate ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature

OBJECTIVETo investigate the tolerance time limits from warm ischemia to cold preservation of liver grafts.

METHODSOrthotopic liver transplantations (OLTs) were performed on Bama miniature swine. Morphological and functional changes of the liver grafts and biliary tracts after 10 minutes of warm ischemia followed by different durations of cold preservation and its reversibility were investigated.

RESULTSWhen the grafts were subjected to 10 minutes of warm ischemia followed by less than 16 hours of cold preservation, all animals could survive 1 week and there was no animal death from biliary necrosis. However, when the cold preservation time exceeded 16 hours, the incidence of biliary necrosis was significantly increased (P<0.05), and recipient death from bile leaks occurred. With further prolongation of the cold preservation time, primary graft nonfunction and intraoperative or early postoperative deaths occurred and the living animals all developed biliary necrosis. When compared with the less than 16 hours cold preservation group, the morphological scores and apoptosis index of the epithelial cells of bile ducts in grafts after reperfusion were significantly elevated in the more than 16 hours cold preservation group (P<0.05) and the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase of bile ducts in grafts were also significantly reduced (P<0.05). Liver function tests showed that the recoveries of AST, AST, GGT and ALP were quicker in the 16 hours cold preservation group then those over 16 hour preservation ones. Correlation analysis revealed that the incidence of biliary necrosis was significantly correlated with the morphological score (r = 0.972) and with the apoptosis index of the epithelial cells of bile ducts in grafts after reperfusion (r = 0.931) and also correlated negatively (P<0.01) with the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase (r = -0.973) and Ca2+-ATPase (r = -0.973).

CONCLUSIONSIt is concluded that with 10 minutes of warm ischemia, cold preservation of the grafts should not be longer than 16 hours in order to avoid early biliary necrosis, and the corresponding tolerance time limit of the livers to the cold preservation was less than 20 hours.

Animals ; Bile Ducts ; pathology ; Cold Ischemia ; Cryopreservation ; Female ; Graft Survival ; physiology ; Liver ; Liver Transplantation ; methods ; Male ; Necrosis ; Organ Preservation ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; Time Factors ; Warm Ischemia

OBJECTIVETo explore a method for reconstruction of Poland's chest wall deformity.

METHODSThe customized, textured silicone prosthesis was fabricated from a soft silicone polymer that approximated to the softness of the pectoralis major muscle. A lateral incision of 6 cm on the affected chest was made. After a subcutaneous pocket above the ribs was created through the incision, the prosthesis was placed in the pocket.

RESULTSSince October 2000, chest wall reconstruction for Poland's syndrome deformity has been performed in 7 male patients (18 to 45 years) with the customized soft silicone prosthesis. Follow-up for 3 to 17 months showed that all patients were satisfied with the aesthetical results. Seroma occurred in 2 patients, and needle aspiration was used to solve the problem.

CONCLUSIONThis method is simple and less traumatic. The reconstructed chest wall approximates to the softness and appearance of the contralateral pectoralis muscle.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pectoralis Muscles ; Poland Syndrome ; surgery ; Prostheses and Implants ; Prosthesis Implantation ; methods ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Ribs ; Silicones ; therapeutic use ; Thoracic Wall ; abnormalities ; surgery

The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of Erzhi Pills on 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine( MPTP)-induced Parkinson's disease( PD) in mice,and explore its possible mechanism of action. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with MPTP( 30 mg·kg^-1,0. 01 m L·g^-1) once daily to induce PD for 8 days. In the treatment group,Erzhi Pills were given by intragastric administration( 2. 5 g·kg^-1,once daily for 30 days). The normal group received an equal volume of normalsaline. In terms of behavior,the limb movement coordination ability of the mice was detected by climbing,hanging and swimming experiments. The spatial learning and memory ability of the mice was detected by Morris water maze test. The content of MDA,as well as the activity of GSH-PX and SOD were determined in mice serum. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression levels of TH,MAOB and apoptosis-related factors CHOP and caspase-12 in brain tissues. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of TH in section of brain tissues in mice. The results showed that in behavioral aspects,as compared with the model group,the scores of limb movement ability as well as scores of spatial learning and memory ability were significantly improved in the treatment groups( P<0. 05). In terms of serological indicators,as compared with the model group,the activities of SOD and GSH-PX were significantly increased in the serum of treatment groups,and the content of MDA was significantly decreased( P<0. 05). The results of Western blot showed that as compared with the model group,the protein levels of TH in the brain tissues of the mice in treatment group were significantly up-regulated,while the protein levels of MAOB and apoptosis-related factors CHOP and caspase-12 were significantly down-regulated( P<0. 05). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the number of TH positive cells in the brain tissues of the mice in the treatment group was significantly increased as compared with the model group( P<0. 05). In summary,Erzhi Pills have a certain preventive and therapeutic effect on MPTP-induced PD mice,which can significantly improve the limb motor coordination ability and spatial learning and memory ability of PD mice. Its mechanism may be related to down-regulating the expression of apoptosis-related factors CHOP and caspase-12,reducing the dopaminergic neuron damage and inhibiting dopaminergic neuronal apoptosis.
1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neuroprotective Agents/pharmacology* ; Parkinson Disease ; Substantia Nigra

This study aimed to investigate the effect and possible mechanism of Bidens pilosa decoction on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) induced by high fat and high glucose in mice. Bald/c mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group, metformin(200 mg·kg~(-1)) treatment group, Bidens pilosa decoction(10 g·kg~(-1)) treatment group, metformin and B. pilosa decoction(100 mg·kg~(-1)+5 g·kg~(-1)) treatment group. Except for the normal group, mice in the other four groups were fed with high-fat and high-glucose diet for 8 weeks to establish the non-alcoholic fatty liver model. After 4 weeks of treatment, blood was collected from the eyeballs, the mice were sacrificed, and relevant indicators were detected. The results showed that compared with the model group, blood lipid and blood glucose levels of each treatment group were significantly lower(P<0.05); HE staining results showed that liver pathological damage in each treatment group was significantly improved; oil red O staining results showed fat distribution in each treatment group significantly reduced(P<0.01); immunohistochemical staining showed that glucose regulated the protein expression of protein 78(GRP78) in liver tissues of each treatment group was also significantly reduced(P<0.01); Western blot results showed that endoplasmic reticulum stress signal pathway-related factors GRP78, phosphorylated-protein kinase R-like ER kinase(p-PERK), eukaryotic translation-initiation factor 2α(eIF2α), activating transcription factor 4(ATF4), C/EBP homologous protein(Chop), inositol requiring 1α(IRE1α), and cleaved-cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 12(cleaved-caspase-12) were significantly reduced(P<0.01). The results of the combined drug treatment group were better than those of the single drug treatment group. These results showed that B. pilosa decoction had the effect in improving non-alcoholic fatty liver, and its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS)-related factors, and the reduction of the apoptosis of hepatocytes caused by ERS and the down-regulation of blood lipid and blood glucose levels.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bidens ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Endoribonucleases ; Glucose ; Mice ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases

This study aimed to observe the effect of terpinen-4-ol(T4O) on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) exposed to high glucose(HG) and reveal the mechanism via the Krüppel-like factor 4(KLF4)/nuclear factor kappaB(NF-κB) signaling pathway. The VSMCs were first incubated with T4O for 2 h and then cultured with HG for 48 h to establish the model of inflammatory injury. The proliferation, cell cycle, and migration rate of VSMCs were examined by MTT method, flow cytometry, and wound healing assay, respectively. The content of inflammatory cytokines including interleukin(IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) in the supernatant of VSMCs was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Western blot was employed to determine the protein levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), Cyclin D1, KLF4, NF-κB p-p65/NF-κB p65, IL-1β, and IL-18. The KLF4 expression in VSMCs was silenced by the siRNA technology, and then the effects of T4O on the cell cycle and protein expression of the HG-induced VSMCs were observed. The results showed that different doses of T4O inhibited the HG-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs, increased the percentage of cells in G_1 phase, and decreased the percentage of cells in S phase, and down-regulated the protein levels of PCNA and Cyclin D1. In addition, T4O reduced the HG-induced secretion and release of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α and down-regulated the expression of KLF4, NF-κB p-p65/NF-κB p65, IL-1β, and IL-18. Compared with si-NC+HG, siKLF4+HG increased the percentage of cells in G_1 phase, decreased the percentage of cells in S phase, down-regulated the expression of PCNA, Cyclin D1, and KLF4, and inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. Notably, the combination of silencing KLF4 with T4O treatment further promoted the changes in the above indicators. The results indicate that T4O may inhibit the HG-induced proliferation and migration of VSMCs by down-regulating the level of KLF4 and inhibiting the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.
NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; Interleukin-18/metabolism* ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen/genetics* ; Cyclin D1/metabolism* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism* ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; Cell Proliferation ; Signal Transduction ; Cytokines/metabolism* ; Glucose/metabolism*

Objective: To analyze the post distribution of dust concentration in ferrous metal foundry enterprises and evaluate the occupational health risks, and provide basis for policies of the formulation of pneumoconiosis prevention and control. Methods: From August to September in 2020, the basic information, dust hazard information and occupational health management information of 59 ferrous metal casting enterprises were investigated, the dust concentration distribution was analyzed, and the risk assessment was carried out by using the quantitative assignment model. The dust concentration is tested by LSD method after logarithmic treatment. The 3 times time weighted average allowable exposure concentration of dust is taken as the peak concentration limit of dust; The time weighted average allowable exposure concentration of dust converted by exposure time is taken as the time weighted average exposure concentration limit of dust, and whether the time weighted average exposure concentration and peak concentration of dust at the same post exceed the limit is taken as the basis for exceeding the limit of dust post concentration to calculate the post exceeding the limit rate. Results: The dust hazards were mainly distributed in the posts of sand treatment, molding, sand falling, sand cleaning and cutting and grinding. Dust exposure time weighted average concentration was 0.44 (0.03, 5.11) mg/m(3), peak exposure concentration was 1.30 (0.18, 10.94) mg/m(3), and the over standard rate of Posts was 38.92% (79/203) . Weighted average exposure concentration of other dust (total dust) in the cutting and grinding post is 1.50 (0.15, 7.40) mg/m(3), peak exposure concentration is 0.90 (0.07, 12.48) mg/m(3), and the post exceedance rate is 4.88% (2/41) . Weighted average exposure concentration of silica dust (exhaling dust) in dust operation posts of investment casting enterprises is 0.43 (0.05, 6.35) mg/m(3), peak exposure concentration is 0.90 (0.12, 8.28) mg/m(3), and the post over standard rate is 35.77% (49/137) ; Weighted average exposure concentration of other dust (total dust) at the cutting and grinding post is 2.00 (11.00, 21.00) mg/m(3), and the post exceedance rate is 2.50% (2/80) . There was no significant difference in the concentration of respirable dust between sand casting and investment casting (P>0.05) . The concentration of respirable dust in sand casting was higher than that in sand treatment, molding and sand cleaning posts (P<0.05) . The concentration of silica dust in investment casting was higher than that in sand treatment and molding posts, and that in sand cleaning posts was higher than that in sand treatment posts (P<0.05) . 98.48% (454/461) of the dust operation posts have an occupational health risk value greater than or equal to 400, and 1.52% (7/461) of the dust operation posts have an occupational health risk value of 200~399. Conclusion: there is a high rate of exceeding the standard in the dust work posts in the ferrous metal foundry enterprises in Ningbo, and the workers have a high occupational health risk of pneumoconiosis or metal and its compound pneumoconiosis. Targeted measures should be taken to reduce the occupational health risk.
Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis* ; Dust/analysis* ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure/analysis* ; Pneumoconiosis ; Sand ; Silicon Dioxide/analysis*