To observe the changes of tear film on the patients after laser in situ keratomileusis(LASlK)with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser and microkeratome.
●METHODS: Totally 150 patients (300 eyes) with myopia received operation of LASlK. Patients were divided into two groups according to the methods of making corneal flap. The patients of group one were assigned to receiving LASlK with corneal flap creation by lntralase femtosecond laser (190 eyes of 95 patients), group two were assigned to receiving LASlK with corneal flap creation by microkeratome ( 110 eyes of 55 patients ). Dry eye symptom score, tear break-up time (BUT), Schirmer Ⅰtest(Slt), corneal fluorescein staining(FL)were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at 1wk; 1, 3 and 6mo.
●RESULTS: Dry eye symptom score: there existed obvious differences at 1wk; 1, 3mo between two groups(P<0. 05). While no such obvious differences existed in the 6mo between two groups(P>0. 05). BUT: there existed obvious differences at 1wk, 1, 3mo between two groups(P<0. 05). While no such obvious differences existed at 6mo between two groups(P>0. 05). SchirmerⅠ test: there existed obvious differences in the 1wk, 1, 3mo between two groups(P<0. 05). Whileno such obvious differences existed in the 6mo between 2 groups(P>0. 05). FL: there existed obvious differences in the 1wk, 1, 3mo between two groups(P<0. 05). While no such obvious differences existed in the 6mo between two groups(P>0. 05).
●CONCLUSlON: The early stability of tear film decrease after operation in both of the two groups. The dry eye symptoms are lighter and recover faster.

AIM:To observe the changes of tear film on the patients after laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASIK) with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser with Oculus corneal topography.
METHODS:Totally 120 myopic patients (240 eyes) were collected who underwent femtosecond laser surgery LASIK from August to September 2013, and these patients can be followed up for 3mo. Tear break-up time ( BUT) and tear meniscus height ( TMH ) with Oculus corneal topography were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively at 1wk;1, 2 and 3mo.
RESULTS: Oculus BUT: there existed obvious differences (P=0. 012, 0. 000, 0. 023<0. 05) in 1wk, 1 and 2mo compared with the preoperative level. While no such obvious difference ( P = 0. 236 > 0. 05 ) existed in 3mo compared with the preoperative level. TMH:there existed obvious differences (P=0. 025, 0. 019, 0. 026<0. 05) in 1wk, 1 and 2mo compared with the preoperative level. No such obvious difference ( P = 0. 375>0. 05 ) existed in 3mo compared with the preoperative level.
CONCLUSION: Femtosecond laser surgery affects the stability of the tear film at a certain time and a certain extent. The mechanism related to many factors. It is temporary and lighted.

AIM: To observe the changes of tear film on the patients after laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASIK ) with corneal flap created by femtosecond laser with the different gender.
METHODS: The 120 myopic patients ( 240 eyes ) who underwent femtosecond laser surgery LASIK from August to September 2013 were collected, and these patients were followed up for 3mo. The patients were divided into two groups according to the gender, group A was male (110 eyes of 55 patients); group B was female (130 eyes of 65 patients). Dry eye symptom score, tear break-up time ( BUT ) , Schirmer Ⅰ test, corneal fluorescein staining were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively in 1wk,1,2,3mo.
RESULTS: Dry eye symptom score: it was statistically significant between two groups after operation in the 1wk, 1, 2mo(P = 0. 000,0. 023, 0. 030). It had no statistical significance between the two groups in 3mo(P=0. 283). BUT: it was statistical significance between two groups after operation in the 1wk, 1, 2, 3mo ( P= 0. 000, 0. 017, 0.026, 0. 032 ). Schirmer Ⅰ test: it was statistically significant between two groups after operation in the 1wk, 1, 2mo(P = 0. 012,0. 024, 0. 018). It had no statistical significance between the two groups in 3mo ( P=0. 206 ) Corneal fluorescein staining:it was statistically significant between two groups after operation in the 1wk, 1, 2, 3mo (P=0. 022,0. 015, 0. 036, 0.041).
CONCLUSION: The influence of tear film after femtosecond laser surgery for men less than that for women.

AIM:To investigate the cause of blindness, except those caused by cataract, in Haimen city.METHODS:According to the WHO`s criteria of blindness, the blindness level was decided through ophthalmic tests by associate chief or chief ophthalmologists who were trained especially for disability evaluation.The analysis of the the leading cause were taken too.RESULTS:Totally 3 266 persons were blindness, in which 2 118 were first level blindness, 1 148 persons were second lever blindness, and 1 308 persons were male, 1958 were female.The leading cause of blindness were retina and uveitis diseases (31.58%), genetic diseases(23.47%), cornea disease(14.49%).CONCLUSION:The leading cause of blindness are retina and uveitis diseases, genetic diseases, cornea diseases in Haimen city of Jiangsu province.Early prevention and treatment should be strengthened to reduce the occurrence of blindness.

OBJECTIVETo test the different contrctile responses of extracellular nucleotides, such as ATP, UTP and nucleotide uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up4A) in gastric longitudinal muscle (LM) and circular muscle (CM). Examined the effect of P2X and P2Y receptor antagonists (in this study, we used IP5I and suramin) and cyclooxygenase inhibitor (indomethacin) on Up4A induced contractile responses in LM and CM.

METHODSThe rats were sacrificed and the stomachs were opened to gain LM and CM. Using organ bath system to assess contrctile responses of smooth muscle.

RESULTSUp4A could induce contractile responses in both CM and LM, which were similar with ATP and UTP. IP5 did not attenuate Up4A could induce contractions in both LM and CM, but suramin and indomethacin significantly inhibited Up4A contraction in CM, but not in LM.

CONCLUSIONOur results suggest that extracellular nucleosides and their inhibitors induce different responses between LM and CM.

Adenosine Triphosphate ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Dinucleoside Phosphates ; pharmacology ; Indomethacin ; Muscle Contraction ; Muscle, Smooth ; physiology ; Nucleotides ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Suramin ; Uridine Triphosphate ; pharmacology

Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression vector for the fusion gene comprising the genes encoding mouse anti-human cross-linked fibrin single-chain fragment variable (scFv) antibody and low-molecular weight single-chain urokinase. Methods The single peptide of recombinant human ipro-urokinase was ligated with the target fusion gene, and the same reading frame was guaranteed. The ligated compound was subsequently incorporated respectively into pcDNA3 and pMJK expression vectors by DNA recombination technique. Results and Conclusion The desired recombinant plasmids pcDNA3 and pMJK3 containing the signal peptide of recombinant human ipro-urokinase gene and the fusion gene were constructed,which lays the foundation for establishing of a cell line that may secrete the fusion protein.

Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression vector for the fusion gene comprising the genes encoding mouse anti-human cross-linked fibrin single-chain fragment variable (scFv) antibody and low-molecular weight single-chain urokinase. Methods The single peptide of recombinant human ipro-urokinase was ligated with the target fusion gene, and the same reading frame was guaranteed. The ligated compound was subsequently incorporated respectively into pcDNA3 and pMJK expression vectors by DNA recombination technique. Results and Conclusion The desired recombinant plasmids pcDNA3 and pMJK3 containing the signal peptide of recombinant human ipro-urokinase gene and the fusion gene were constructed,which lays the foundation for establishing of a cell line that may secrete the fusion protein.

OBJECTIVETo investigate apoptosis-inducing effect and its mechanisms of HY-1, a carbazole alkaloid, on human erythroleukemia K562 cells.

METHODSCell proliferation was detected by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay after treated with HY-1 at indicated doses. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytometry, mitochondria membrane voltage change was assessed by rhodamine 123 staining, annexin V-PI apoptosis detecting kit and DNA agarose gel electrophoresis were used to identify apoptosis-inducing effect of HY-1. The alterations of apoptosis-relating proteins were detected by Western blot.

RESULTSThe IC(50) of HY-1 in K562 cells was (29.05 +/- 0.90) micromol/L by SRB assay. HY-1 had significant apoptotic inducing effect on K562 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner as verified by appearance of Sub-G(1) peak on histogram of flow cytometry analysis, reduction of mitochondria membrane voltage, appearance of double positive cell group in Annexin V-PI apoptosis detecting test, and remarkable DNA ladder. The expression of cytosolic cytochrome c was apparently increased. Pro-caspase-9, pro-caspase-3 and PARP were all cleaved to active segments. There was no change in the expression of caspase-8.

CONCLUSIONHY-1 exerts its anticancer activity through triggering apoptosis of K562 cells by mitochondria-activating pathways.

Alkaloids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Carbazoles ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Mitochondria ; metabolism ; Rutaceae ; chemistry

Produced by and purified from Taxus brevifolia, Taxol (paclitaxel) has become a widely used cancer drug in clinic. Due to the rapid growing market, current industrial production of taxol by semi-synthesis that consumes large amount of Taxus trees cannot meet the requirement of the market. The discovery of taxol-producing fungus Taxomyces andeanae, an endophyte of T. brevifolia, by Stierle et al (1993), paves a new way to the production of the drug, i.e. employing large-scale fungal fermentation to make Taxol at lower cost and yet higher yield. This review discusses the present problems in taxol production in pharmaceutical industry, the finding and research progress on taxol-producing fungi, and the potential application of fungal fermentation to manufacture this important drug.
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; biosynthesis ; Fermentation ; Mitosporic Fungi ; metabolism ; Paclitaxel ; biosynthesis ; Taxus ; microbiology ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Wenyang Huazhuo Tongluo Recipe (WYHZTLR) on the proportion of T helper 17 cells (Thl7)/regulatory T cells (Treg), and serum levels of IL-17 and IL-10 in peripheral blood of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients with yang qi insufficiency and turbidity induced collaterals blockage syndrome (YQITICBS).

METHODSTotally 82 SSc patients were randomly assigned to the Western medicine group (as the control group) and the integrated Chinese and Western medicine group (as the treatment group), 41 cases in each group. All patients took methotrexate (MTX) tablet and prednisone tablet. Patients in the treatment group additionally took WYHZTLR. The treatment course for all was six consecutive months. Besides, another 70 healthy volunteers were recruited as a healthy control group (as the healthy group). Percentages of Th17 and Treg in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. Serum levels of IL-17, IL-10, von Willebrand factor (vWF), aminoterminal propeptide of type l procollagen (PIIINP), and cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen ( I CTP) were measured by double antibody sandwich ELISA. The correlations between Th17/Treg and levels of vWF, PIIINP, I CTP, skin score, and disease activity index were observed by Pearson correlation analysis.

RESULTSThe percentage of Th17 in peripheral blood, ratios of Th17/Treg, and the serum level of IL-17 were significantly higher, but the percentage of Treg and the serum level of IL-10 were significantly lower in SSc patients, when compared with those of the healthy group (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). Compared with the same group before treatment, the percentage of Thl7, ratios of Thl7/Treg, and levels of IL-17, vWF, and PIIINP all decreased in the two groups after treatment (P <0.05, P <0.01), but the percentage of Treg and the IL-10 level increased (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). Meanwhile,the level of I CTP was higher in the treatment group after treatment (P <0. 05). The improvement of all indices except the percentage of Th17 was more obvious in the treatment group than in the control group (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). The ratio of Th17/Treg was positively correlated with levels of vWF, PIIINP, skin score, and disease activity index before and after treatment respectively (P <0. 01), but with no obvious correlation with the level of I CTP (P >0. 05).

CONCLUSIONWYHZTLR could achieve its therapeutic effect on SSc patients by regulating Th17/Treg imbalance, lowering levels of vWF and PIIINP, and elevating the level of I CTP.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-17 ; Methotrexate ; Peptide Fragments ; Procollagen ; Scleroderma, Systemic ; drug therapy ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; Th17 Cells