TORCH infection during pregnancy is a group of infectious diseases resulting from viruses and other microorganisms. According to the past over 20-year experiences in serum screening in China, several infections which should be performed in the first trimester, or even much earlier in pregnant period, are hepatitis B, syphilis, HIV, and these three infections are confirmed to be harmful to the fetus or infants and also diagnostic methods and treatment are available. Screening for rubella should be better performed before conception and no specific management is required with IgM+, while immunization is recommended before pregnancy with IgM-. Screenings for cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis and herpes virus are not recommended. Scnography is warranted if fetal abnormalities were resulted from the above infections and amniocentesis or cordocentesis might be required for further investigations.

Objective To put forward suggestions for improving the writing standards of package inserts of Chinese patent drug in China. Methods Totally 84 package inserts of Chinese patent drug were chosen randomly. The labeled items in them would be investigated and analyzed according to legal documents in China. Results The rate of complete labeled items was 0%. Meanwhile, many problems existed in the items which affected medication safety seriously. In addition, there were defects in expression of the content, revision of package inserts of Chinese patent drug and so on. Conclusion It is urgent to improve the writing standards and the completeness of the labeled items as well as the scientificalness on the expressions of package inserts of Chinese patent drug.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most significant microvascular complications of diabetes,and its incidence increases with the prolongation of DM;meanwhile,it can lead to severe vision loss.Recently,the pathogenesis of DR has been one of the focuses both at home and abroad,but the basic mechanisms are not fully elucidated.More and more scholars believe that DR may be a chronic and low degree of inflammatory response.Moreover,it is well established that microglia is a monocyte-macrophage,with antigen-presenting function.Especially in the retina,as microglia is activated,followed by the release of a large number of inflammatory factors,microglia involves in DR inflammatory response.Understanding the activation mechanism of microglia can provide a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of DR.Therefore,recent advances in activation of microglia in diabetic retinopathy and its intervention mechanism will be reviewed in the article.

As one of the serious complications of diabetes, diabetic retinopathy( DR) has become a main eye disease which causes blindness. The occurrence and development of DR is related to many factors. The pathogenesis is complicated, and the mechanism has not been clear. Early data suggest that the occurrence and development of DR has relations with many factors such as blood sugar level, diabetes duration and the environment. Among the factors, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress is the important mechanisms of DR and has become research focus in recent years. Consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction within cells include elevation of the rate of reactive oxygen species( ROS) production due to damage of electron transport chain proteins, mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) damage, and loss of metabolic capacity. Clear understanding on the mechanism of mitochondrial functional change under high sugar level and oxidative stress response in the occurrence and development of DR is of great significance on prevention and cure of DR. ln this article, the development of mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress of DR is reviewed.

Objective To explore the change of occludin mRNA in the lung tissue under hyperoxia induced lung injury condition and their regulation of platelet-derived growth factor B(PDGFB).Methods Three hundred and twenty newborn rats were divided into 4 groups accor-ding to different oxygen concentrations(FiO2):experimental group 1(FiO2=800 mL/L),experimental group 2 (FiO2=600 mL/L),experimental group 3(FiO2=400 mL/L) and room-air control group(FiO2=210 mL/L).Rats were killed at 1st,3rd,5th,7th and 14th day respectively during the experiment,the expression of occludin was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method.The expression of PDGFB in the lung tissue was also observed by immunohistochemistry.SPSS 11.5 software was used to analyze the data.Results The expressions of PDGFB in the lung tissue in experimental group 1 and experimental group 2 were lower than those of the control group at 1th day(Pa

Objective To investigate the location of TLR3 and TLR9 protein as well as the expressions of TLR3 and TLR9 protein and mRNA in the lesions of condyloma acuminatum (CA) with different prognosis. Methods Immunocytochemical staining with streptavidin-peroxidase (SP) and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR were conducted to detect the expressions of TLR3 and TLR9 in tissue specimens from lesions of 10 patients with recurrent CA, 14 patients with non-recurrent CA as well as from the foreskin of 10 normal human controls. Results TLR3 and TLR9 were mainly distributed in spinous layer and granular layer in non-recurrent CA lesions, but in basal layer and spinous layer in recurrent CA lesions. A significant elevation was observed in the expression of TLR3 mRNA in non-recurrent CA lesions compared with the control tissue and recurrent CA lesions (P < 0.01, 0.05), and in the expression of TLR9 mRNA in non-recurrent CA lesions compared with the control tissue (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the recurrent and non-recurrent CA lesions in the expression of TLR9 mRNA. Conclusions The changes in the distribution and expressions of TLR3 and TLR9 in epidermis may be associated with the prognosis of CA, and TLR3 may exert a greater impact.

Objective To investigate the changes of tumor necrosis factor- ?(TNF- ?) and souble intercellular adhesion molecule - 1 (sICAM - 1) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in children with viral encephalitis (VE) before and after treatment,and to explore the pathogenesis of the cytokins in VE. Methods The levels of TNF - ? and sICAM - 1 in serum and CSF were determined before and after treatment using EL1SA in 38 children who were admitted with VE, and 20 children as normal controls. Results The levels of TNF- ? and sICAM - 1 in serum and CSF before treatment were obviously higher than those of control group,and the difference was significant(P 0. 05), but the serum and CSF TNF - ? and sICAM - 1 levels in SVE group were higher than those of control group(P

Objective To investigate the accuracy of computer-assisted interpretation(CAI)in the diagnosis of pediatric critical arrhythmia,and to establish Logistic regression model to evaluate the main risk factors of CAI error.Methods 1147 cases of arrhythmia patients were divided into heart disease(HD)and nonheart disease group(NHD).Candidate risk factors were chosen,from which the vailables statistically significant were entered for logistic regression analysis.Results CAI error rate of HD group and NHD group were 24.9%and 11.4%,showing a significant difference(P＜0.05).Age,underlying diseases,the number of CAI diagnosis entries were the risk factors.Conclusion CAI error pattern was different among HD group and the NHD group.Higher awareness for CAI error risk factors and CAI technology improvement are critical for a lower CAI error rate.

Humans ; Intestinal Diseases ; physiopathology ; Sepsis ; physiopathology

Coronary Artery Bypass ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiodermatitis ; etiology