Objective Nerve growth factor (NGF) is thought to be one of regulating factors of cellular function during the visual plasticity period. Levodopa is a neurotransmitter in central nerve system. Its mechanism of improving the visual function in amblyopia is unclear. Present study was to observe the role of levodopa in treating monocular deprived amblyopia and explore the effects of levodopa on the expression of NGF in visual cortex. Methods The animal models of monocular form deprived amblyopia were established in the right eyes of 12 4-week-old domestic cats by suturing the eyelid for 2 weeks and then the left eyes were reverse sutured. The 6 cats from models received 20 mg/kg of levodopa by oral administration. Other 6 normal cats were as normal controls. Pattern VEP (P-VEP) was recorded to check the visual acuity of the cats. The cell number density of NGF expression in visual cortex area 17 was detected and calculated by immunochemistry and expressed as positive number/field. Results The amplitude of P_(100) of P-VEP was significantly declined in monocular deprived eyes compared with fellow eyes and normal eyes in 2 weeks after monocular deprivation (P ＜0. 01) . However, after administration of levodopa, the amplitude of P_(100) recovered to normal 2 weeks later, presenting a insignificant difference between levodopa treating group and normal group (P＞ 0. 05). The latency of P_(100) was followed the same pattern between two groups. The NGF positive cells were decreased in monocular deprived group compared with normal group and levodopa group (80. 23 ± 9. 54 vs 111. 83 ± 7. 49, 80. 23 ± 9. 54 vs 118. 06 ± 12. 37, P ＜ 0. 01), but no significant difference in NGF positive cells was found between normal group and levodopa group (111.83 ±7. 49 vs 118. 06 ± 12. 37, P = 0. 94). Conclusion Levodopa is supposed to accelerate the recovery of visual function in amblyopic cat by enhancing the NGF expression in visual cortex area 17 during the critical period of visual development.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of different sequences of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in repaired meniscus.Methods From September 2002 to December 2008,118 patients (130 menisci) underwent arthroscopic meniscus suture in our hospital,including 94 males and 24 females,aged from 15 to 50 years (average,25.7t7.5 years).All patients underwent MRI and second-look arthroscopy postoperatively.Different sequences of MRI were taken to evaluate the grade of meniscal signal at repaired site and the slices involved by grade 3 signal.The diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predict value (PPV) and negative predict value (NPV) were calculated for each sequence by using second-look arthroscopy as the gold standard.Results The total healing rate was 80.8％ (105/130) by second-look arthroscopy,which was higher than that by different sequences of MRI.The integrated T2 sequence held the highest diagnostic value,and the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,PPV and NPV were 76.0％,71.4％,72.3％,38.8％ and 92.6％,respectively.According to the second-look arthroscopy result,the menisci were divided into the healed group and unhealed group.In the healed group,28.6％ of cases (30/105) showed grade 3 signal in MRI,which was less than that (76.0％) in the unhealed group.The rate of the new grade 3 signal (8.6％) and the slices involved by grade 3 signal (0.8±1.0) in the healed group were less than those (16.0％ and 3.0±2.0) in the unhealed group.Conclusion The diagnostic value of the integrated T2 sequence is encouraging with high sensitivity,specificity and accuracy.The new grade 3 signal in the repaired meniscus usually implies that the meniscus is not healed.

key of success.

Objective To observe the transfection efficiency and anti-fibrotic effect of miR-29b transfected by anti-TGF-β Ⅱ R ScFv/Ck/tP fusion protein (new vector) in hepatic stellate cell (HSC),and to provide a new vector in gene therapy for liver fibrosis.Methods The liposome vector,new vector,and lentiviral vector were used as transfection reagents to transfect miR-29b into HSC.Transfection efficiency was observed under fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry.Collagen α1 (Ⅰ) mRNA and protein expression in different groups were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR and Western Blot,respectively.Results Compared to the control,transfection efficiencies in lentiviral vector,new vector,and liposome vector groups were about 70％,58％,and 29％,respectively.Collagen α1 (Ⅰ) mRNA expression in lentiviral vector,new vector,and liposome vector groups was decreased by about 70％,50％,and 38％,respectively ((t =6.316,P ＜0.01 ; t =4.082,P ＜0.01 ; t =3.014,P ＜0.05).Collagen α1(Ⅰ) protein expression in lentiviral vector,new vector,and liposome vector groups was decreased by about 59％,41％,and 27％,respectively (t =4.209,P ＜0.01; t =4.033,P ＜0.01; t =2.842,P ＜0.05).Conclusions The new vector constructed by us has a high transfection efficiency.MiR-29b transfected by the new vector has a good anti-liver fibrosis effect.

Wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of major causes of blindness in elder people.Intraocular injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) -A regimen has made big breakthrough for the treatment on choroidal neovascularization of wet AM D,while long-term follow-up and necessary retreatments are the key issues to remain obtained visual acuity.Multiple strategies of wet AMD have been used in following-up and retreating based on the visual acuity,optical coherence tomography (OCT),ophthalmoscope and fluorescein fundus angiography (FFA) in abroad.However,there also are major differences in the patient' s composition,treatment habits and distribution of medical sources in China from Western.So we suggest to standardize the follow-up and retreatment strategies about intravitreal injection of VEGF-A for wet AMD as to achieve a better effectiveness.OCT-guided individual follow-up and retreatment strategies should be very helpful for maintaining a long-term efficacy,minimizing the treatment time and reducing medical cost.

Finite element method (FEM) is an effective mathematical method for stress analysis, and has been gradually applied in the study of biomechanics of human body structures. This paper reviews the construction, development, materials assignment and verification of FEM model of cervical vertebra, and it also states the research results of injury mechanism of whiplash injury and biomechanical response analysis of the cervical vertebra using FEM by researchers at home and abroad.
Adult ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cervical Vertebrae/physiopathology* ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc/physiopathology* ; Male ; Models, Anatomic ; Soft Tissue Injuries/physiopathology* ; Stress, Mechanical ; Whiplash Injuries/physiopathology*

Background With the changes of diet and living style,the diabetes has become the major diseases affecting human health.Diabetic cataract is a common complication of diabetes. Objective The present study was to investigate the difference of lens proteomics between diabetic cataract and age related cataract using two dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and mass spectrometry in order to postpone happening of diabetic cataract and offer the effective approach to the prevention and therapy of diabetic cataract. Methods The lenses were obtained from 8 diabetic patients and 12 age-related cataract patients during the surgery to extract the protein by lysis and centrifugation.The lens proteins were separated using immobilized pH gradients 2-DE.Image analysis was carried out using PDQuest Advanced-8.0.1 software package.Significant difference of the crystallines was identified by matrixassisted laser adsorption/ionization time of-flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and peptide mass fingerprint combined with protein database. Results The maps of 2-DE showed that lens proteins of diabetic cataract and age related cataract were in the section of pH 5-9 with the relative molecular weight 14000-97000;while relative molecular weight of more abundant crystalline was localized at 20000-31000.About 3 differential protein spots were detected by image analysis software.Two crystallines,αB and βB1 crystallin,were identified using MALDI-TOF-MS.Conclusions Proteomic analysis of lens can be accomplished and the proteins can be well separated,moreover,differential proteins can be analyzed using 2-DE and mass spectrometry between diabetic cataract and age related cataract.These results indicate that αB and βB1 crystallin proteins accelerate the development of diabetic cataract.This technique offers a new avenue for clarity of lens proteins of diabetic cataract other than age related cataract.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of getting retroperitoneal lymph node biopsy via technique of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(NOTES)in human being with current available devices.Methods We performed trans-gastric endoscopic biopsy of retroperitoneal lymph node with the aid of laparoscopy in a 50-year-old man,who presented with abdominal pain and enlarged retroperitoneal lymph nodes and signed a written informed consent before the procedure.After routine anesthesia and abdominal skin sterilization,a pneumoperitoneum was induced with a Veress needle placed in the umbilical area,followed by the introduction of a 5-mm trocar.Gastral cavity Was sterilized with antibiotics and povidone iodine.Under laparoscopie optical control,we made a styliform incision in the anterior wall of gastric corpus with a needle knife,and enlarged the incision by a dilatation balloon and then entered the peritoneal cavity with a sterile endoscope.We got two biopsies from the enlarged lymph node with a heat forceps assisted by laparoscopy.The specimen was taken out by retrieval basket through the stomach.The gastric incision Was closed with metal clips.Results The biopsy by means of NOTES was successfully performed without intra-or postoperative complications.The diagnosis was confirmed as lymphoma pathologically.The patient received chemotherapy and was discharged on the sixth postoperative day.There was no short or long-term complication.Conclusion Transgastric access for laparoscopy-assisted biopsy of retroperitoneal lymph node is feasible and safe in human being.

Cell Membrane ; metabolism ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; analysis

Objective:To investigate the effect of Chaenomeles speciosa total extract shikimic acid(SA) on the degranulation of compound 48/80(C48/80) stimulated rat peritoneal mast cells and the anti-inflammatory.Methods: Qualitative analysis of shikimic acid in the total extract of Chaenomeles speciosa by high performance liquid phase;RPMC were identified by toluidine blue,immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy;CCK-8 method was used to detect the proliferation of RPMC in each concentration group.The release rate of β-hexosidase was determined by substrate method.The content of histamine in supernatant was detected by ELISA.Results: SA had no significant effect on the growth of RPMC at the concentration of 0-90 μg/ml.Compared with the positive control group,SA could effectively inhibit the release of β-hexosidase and inhibit the secretion of histamine.Conclusion: SA inhibits the release of histamine in inflammatory mediators by inhibiting the degranulation of RPMC stimulated by C48/80,and then exerts anti-inflammatory effects.