Two kinds of incorrect cultivation modes were existed since the launch of cultivation for professional degree postgraduate of clinical medicine:taking professional degree postgraduates as scientific degree postgraduates to cultivate or taking scientific degree postgraduates as professional degree postgraduates to cultivate.In this paper,taking the cultivation of oncologic professional degree postgraduates as example,we put forward some suggestions:strengthening clinical skill training,promoting thinking mode of evidence-based medicine and enhancing clinical trial and statistical training.

Humans ; Mercury ; urine ; Microwaves ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Yiqihuoxue recipe on left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Methods40 patients with AMI were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with 20 cases in each group and received Yiqihuoxue recipe or fasinopril respectively for 6 months. Changes of clinical symptoms, the level of plasma angiotensin Ⅱ(ATⅡ), aldosterone (ALD), endothelin (ET) and echocardiographical indexes: left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI), left ventricular end-systolic volume index (LVESVI), ejection fraction (EF), left ventricular mass index (LvmassI), wall motion index (WMI), wall thick (WT), E/A were assessed before discharge, and in the end of 3rd and 6th month after AMI.ResultsClinical symptoms of patients of treatment group improved significantly (P<0.01). EF and E/A of all patients in two groups increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05), LvmassI and WT reduced (P<0.05), but there were no significantly differences between two groups in LVEDVI, LVESVI, EF, LvmassI, WMI, E/A and WT(P>0.05). The level of plasma ET decreased in treatment group (P<0.05), the level of plasma ATⅡ and ALD of control group decreased more than that of treatment group (P<0.05).ConclusionYiqihuoxue recipe can significantly improve clinical symptoms, cardic function, and left ventricular remodeling, showing a better clinical efficacy.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Tongxinfang on coronary collateral formation and stent-restenosis in patients with coronary artery disease after stenting.Methods61 patients with coronary artery disease were randomly divided into the treatment group (n=30), and control group (n=31). Patients of the treatment group were taking Chinese medicine Tongxinfang for six months, but cases of the control group only received basic treatment. Coronary collateral formation, stent-restenosis and ejection fraction (EF) of patients of two groups were assessed through aniograms and echocardiography before treatment and after six months.ResultsCoronary collateral formation and EF of patients of the treatment group improved significantly compared with cases of the control group (P<0.01 or P<0.05), but the minimal lumen diameter and percent of diamter stenosis were not significantly different between two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionTongxinfang can improve coronary collateral formation and EF.

Objective To investigate the morphological charcteristics of compressive fractures in different spinal segments．Methods 412 cases of patients with 448 wedge and burst thoracic and lumbar fractures were analysed for comparison of the incidence of wedge and burst fractures in different segments，and to calculate compression rate of anterior height of verterbral body to posterior height for burst fracture in every segment．Results The incidence of wedge fractures in the middle and lower thoracic spine was comparatively high while during the occurrence of burst fractures in the thoracic segments the ratio between the compression ratio of the anterior and posterior height is comparatively high．In the lumbar spine，especially in the lower lumbar，the incidence of burst fractures was higher than other segments．The compression ratio for burst fracture in the middle and lower thoracic spine was bigger while the compression rate for wedge fracture in the lumbar spine，especially in the lower lumbar in comparison with the thoracic segments，was smaller． Conclusion Besides the external violence force and the posture of the patient at the moment of injury，the type or morphologic characteristics of spine fracture is also related to the spinal segments where the fractures take place．

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Shoulder Joint ; injuries ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the feasibility and safety of retroperitoneal laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) donor nephrectomy using home-made single-port device.Methods From January 2011 to June 2012,11 consecutive LESS left donor nephrectomies using home-made single-port device with conventional laparoscopic instrument were performed through retroperitoneal access in our center.Results The procedures were completed and no complications occurred in all donors.Mean operative time was 149.5 min.Estimated blood loss was 30-350 ml.Warm ischemia time was 2-4 min.The urine output was prompt in all cases.Recipient graft function was normal within 2 weeks.Donor hospital stay was 5-6 days after operation.Conclusion LESS donor nephrectomy using home-made single-port device in our initial experience is feasible and safe.It is also cost-effective and minimally invasive with conventional laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.This technique is a good option for living donor nephrectomy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of saikosaponin-d (SSd) on glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) proliferation and hyperplastic extracellular matrix (ECM) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to provide experimental proof for its use in prevention and treatment of glomerulosclerosis.

METHODSRat's MCs were cultivated and identified. The cultured MCs were stimulated by LPS and incubated with different concentrations of SSd. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay, LDH assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Type IV collagen (Col IV), fibronectin (FN) and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) in the conditioned medium were measured by ELISA. The expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), c-Jun and c-Fos were detected by immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSAfter treated by SSd, MC proliferation was inhibited, cells in G0/G1 phase increased, and apoptosis induced. Moreover, secretion of Col IV, FN and TGF-beta1 and the expressions of CDK4, c-Jun and c-Fos in MC were inhibited.

CONCLUSIONThe inhibitory action of SSd on glomerulosclerosis was realized through inhibiting the expressions of CDK4, c-J un and c-Fos.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type IV ; analysis ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; metabolism ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Extracellular Matrix ; drug effects ; pathology ; Flow Cytometry ; Hyperplasia ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Male ; Mesangial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oleanolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; analysis

This study aims to establish an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of gastrodin and eight nucleosides and nucleobases components in Gastrodia elata. The separation was carried out on an Agilent Zorbax Bonus-RP (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 μm) column with a methanol-(0.04% acetic acid) water solution gradient elution program at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). The column temperature was 36 degrees C, and the detection wavelength was 254 nm. The volume of injection was 20 μL. The nine components including gastrodin, cytosine, uracil, cytosine, adenine, thymine, uridine, guanosine and adenosine were well separated. The calibration curve was well linear in the range of 2.04-262.00 mg x L(-1), 0.20-24.67 mg x L(-1), 0.18-23.75 mg x L(-1), 0.20-25.83 mg x L(-1), 0.20-26.67 mg x L(-1), 0.16-20.00 mg x L(-1), 0.22-27.71 mg x L(-1), 0.20-24.29 mg x L(-1), 0.24-30.58 mg x L(-1), respectively, and the correlation coefficient was between 0.998 9-0.999 9. The average recovery of gastrodin and eight nucleosides and nucleobases were 96.4%-99.6%, RSD less than 2.7% (n = 6). The contents of gastrodin in all the seven Tibet cultured Gastrodia elata samples were over 2 mg x g(-1). Further, all samples contain higher contents of adenosine, guanosine, uridine and cytidine compared to low contents of cytosine, uracil, adenine and thymine. The established method is accurate, reproducible and suitable for the determination of gastrodin and eight nucleosides and nucleobases comppnents in Gastrodia elata.
Benzyl Alcohols ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Gastrodia ; chemistry ; Glucosides ; analysis ; Nucleosides ; analysis ; Nucleotides ; analysis

In order to standardize the management of fixed assets in basic medical research, and to solve the problem ofone equipment with more than one code , we discussed the fixed assets coding of instrument and equipment in this paper.The existing equipment classification of the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences was analyzed.Depending on application of the experiment and the principle of equipment, the novel fixed assets encoding dictionary of instrument and equipment is generated, which fits in the application and development of basic medical research.The managers may find the corresponding code quickly with the standardized equipment name.The new encoding dictionary may facilitate the classification of basic medical experimental instruments, prevent multiple coding situations of equipment and improve the management.