Cardiovascular Diseases ; prevention & control ; China ; Humans

Objective To investigate the effect of the lack of intestinal bile on liver regeneration after hepatectomy.Methods The model of interference with intestinal bile acid metabolism in rats was established by feeding rats with 0.2% cholic acid(cholic acid loading group), 2% cholestyramine resin(lack of bile group)and feeding the standard diet as the control group.Liver regeneration was compared among the 3 groups at 0, 1, 2, 3, and 7 d after 70% partial hepatectomy(PH)in rats and mRNA expression of the rate-limiting enzyme of bile acid biosynthesis(CYP7a1)and farnesoid X receptor (FXR)were detected.Results The rate of liver regeneration was significantly lower on days 3 and 7after PH in the lack of bile group than in the other groups(P＜0.05).On day 1, the labeling indices of PCNA and Ki-67 in the lack of bile group(22.21% ±2.31%、 17.25 % ± 6.50 %)were lower than those in the cholic acid loading group(44.4%±4.92%、 30.83% ± 3.91%)and control group (38.74% ±6.42% 、27.04% ±7.22%)and the peaking of labeling indices was delayed.After PH, the mRNA expression of FXR was significantly lower in the lack of bile group than in other groups.However, CYP7al mRNA had a trend towards increase after PH and was higher than that in other groups.Conclusion Lack of intestinal bile results in delayed liver regeneration of normal rat liver accompanied by decreased expression of FXR mRNA after hepatectomy.

The liver regeneration is closely related to the bile acids. To avoid the toxic effects of bile acids on hepatocyte, the state of bile secretion, the rate-limiting enzyme of the bile acid synthesis, bile acids composition as well as the transporter changes at the process of liver regeneration. In vivo and in vitro experiments show that bile acids can promote liver cell proliferation, liver regeneration may be related to the signal which is released under the bile acid imbalance. The relationship between the liver regeneration and bile acid metabolism has an important practical significance in liver regeneration.

Autoimmune Diseases ; Child ; Humans

Cardiovascular Diseases ; psychology ; Humans ; Life Style

Cardiovascular Diseases ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome

Cardiovascular Diseases ; prevention & control ; China ; Humans

The Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily and has emerged as a key player in the control of multiple metabolic pathways. Bile acids are the major endogenous ligands for FXR, and by activating FXR have a variety of target genes, many of which are geared toward pre- venting synthesis and uptake and promoting excretion of bile acids. Here we summarized the latest results from studies on FXR target genes and functions in bile acids metabolism in this article.

Abnormal expression of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine like 1 (SPARCL1 )gene is closely related to the development,metastasis and prognosis of a variety of tumors.Recent studies show that SPARCL1 gene is high expressed in glioma.The protein product of SPARCL1 gene encoded can interact with collagen,thus affecting the metastasis ability of tumor,which is positively correlated with tumor malignant de-gree.SPARCL1 gene is low expressed in gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,prostate cancer and breast cancer, which is negatively correlated with the invasion and metastasis abilities of tumors.At present,the role of speci-fic molecular mechanisms of SPARCL1 gene remains controversial. The expressions and functions of SPARCL1 gene in tumor tissues seem to depend on the tumor microenvironment.

Hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a nuclear protein with transcription activity, can make the body produce adaptive response to hypoxia/ischemia by binding to target gene, transcription and post-transcriptional control. Ischemic tolerance refers to the adaptive response to transient ischemia and reperfusion, which can improve tissue tolerance during the following damage caused by more severe ischemic events. The recent studies have found that the expression of HIF-1 has an important significance in ischemic tolerance. HIF-1 may be a key factor of the oxygen signal transduction pathway in the development of cerebral ischemic tolerance.