PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the changes in the outbreak of acute gastroenteritis, rotavirus gastroenteritis after the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine in Korea. METHODS: The current study investigated the number of inpatients in the pediatric ward of Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital during the periods of 2005-2006 and 2011-2012. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 2,840 patients <5 years of age who were hospitalized at Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital in these time periods. RESULTS: When we compared 2 separate sets of data from before (2005-2006) and after (2011-2012) vaccine introduction, there were statistically significant decreases in the number of patients who were hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis across all of the groups of patients <5 years of age except those <2 months of age. The number of patients with rotavirus gastroenteritis in all age groups declined except for children <2 months of age and those 2-5 months of age. CONCLUSION: These results show that after the introduction of a rotavirus vaccine in Korea, the incidence of rotavirus gastroenteritis decreased in 6-59-month-old patients hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis.
Child* ; Gastroenteritis* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Retrospective Studies* ; Rotavirus Vaccines* ; Rotavirus* ; Tertiary Care Centers* ; Vaccination

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Basal Ganglia ; Hypocalcemia*

No abstract available.
Thyroid Gland*

No abstract available.
Hemorrhage*

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to estimate the incidence of abnormal liver function and risk factors in male employees of an industry in Ulsan City. METHODS: Five hundreds and seventy nine male employees were selected as the study cohort and 533(92.1%) of them were followed after one year. The blood sample was collected to test for AST, ALT, gamma-GTP, total-cholesterol, fasting blood sugar and a self-administered questionnaire on life style was done. General characteristics(age, marital status, educational level), job department, exposure status for organic solvents, life style(alcohol, smoking, exercise, diet), past history of liver disease, family history of liver disease, drug intake, HBsAg, blood glucose, total-cholesterol were considered as risk factors. The result of liver function test after 1 year follow-up was treated as dependent variable. The operational definition of abnormal liver function was as follows; those who had abnormal liver functions in the two repeated tests with one month interval. RESULTS: The annual incidence of abnormal liver function was 9.6 per 100 and age-standardized incidence was 9.5. BMI, alcohol, past history of liver disease, and meat intake were significantly related to the incidence(p<0.05). In multiple logistic regression analysis, BMI(RR=2.70, 95% CI=1.41-5.16) and alcohol(RR=1.98, 95% CI=1.08-3.60) were proved as the significant variables. By stratified analysis considering changing pattern of alcohol and BMI, the relative risk of the BMI normal-normal and alcohol intake high-high group was 2.24(95% CI=1.09-4.62) and that of the BMI obese-obese and alcohol intake high-high group was 5.66(95% CI=2.69-11.88) compared with that of BMI normal-normal and alcohol intake low-low group. CONCLUSIONS: The age-standardized annual incidence of abnormal liver function was 9.5 per 100 in male employees. Thus, an active effort for reducing alcohol intake and controlling BMI should be done to reduce the incidence.
Blood Glucose ; Cohort Studies ; Fasting ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Humans ; Incidence* ; Life Style ; Liver Diseases ; Liver Function Tests ; Liver* ; Logistic Models ; Male* ; Marital Status ; Meat ; Questionnaires ; Risk Factors* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Solvents ; Ulsan

No abstract available.

No abstract available in English.
Follow-Up Studies ; Hand ; Leprosy

No abstract available.
Blood Flow Velocity* ; Pregnancy* ; Umbilical Arteries*

BACKGROUND AND METHOD: For decades, the presence of aortic insufficiency (AI) has been considered a potential hazard in military aviation and has generally excluded aircrew from high performance flight. The cardiovascular effect of repeated exposure of high +Gz forces associated with AI is largely unknown. To evaluate whether the flying of High Performance Aircraft (HPA) was detrimental to subjects with AI, we performed a retrospective review. we studied 32 asymptomatic patients in whom 16 of them had flying time with AI in HPA(Group I), others(GroupII, Control Gr.) in Low-G Aircraft(LGA). Among them, the data of 24 patients were available, 12 in group I., and 12 in group II. The two groups were matched for age, severity of AI, and flying time. RESULTS: Interval echocardiographic, and cineangiographic studies were obtained over a mean period of 4.6+/-2.6 years in group I and 5.9+/-4.2 years in group II (range, 0.9 to 12.7 years) and mean flying time with AI of 528.1+/-435.0 hours in group I and 865.0+/-816.1 hours in group II (range, 50 to 2290 hours). By paired-t test, there were no significant differences between both groups in left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), end-systolic dimension (LVESD), aortic dimension (Ao.D) and fractional shortening (FS) by echocardiography (p>0.05) and by multiple linear regression, there were no significant interval changes of above values in Gr. I according to increasing of flying time with AI (p>0.05). Visual grade by doppler echocardiography or aortic cineangiography increased 1 patient in Gr.I and 2 patients in Gr.II within no more than one grade. CONCLUSION: Thus, this study demonstrated that : 1) Quantitative echocardiographic measurements such as LEVDD, LVESD, Ao.D and FS didn't show significant interval change in Gr.I.2) A single subject with a minor increase in AI severity together with no difference between the HPA and LPA groups argue for a relatively chronic effect of high G exposure in aircrew with mild AI.
Aircraft ; Aviation ; Cineangiography ; Diptera* ; Echocardiography* ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Military Personnel ; Retrospective Studies