Patau syndrome, or Trisomy 13 is one of the most common autosomal aberration associtated with multiple congenital abnormalities. We report a case with trisomy 13 mosacism which was found during an amniocentesis performed due to the age of the mother and abnormal nuchal translucency. The clinical features of fetus included cleft lip and palate, low set ears, polydactily, small ""micro"" penis, and Rocker-bottom feet. After termination of the pregnancy, the fetus was sent for an autopsy. The autopsy report was compatible with the gross findings and pulmonary hypoplasia, microophthalmia, hypoplasia of left ventricle of heart were found.
Amniocentesis ; Autopsy ; Cleft Lip ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Ear ; Fetus ; Foot ; Heart ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Male ; Mothers ; Nuchal Translucency Measurement ; Palate ; Penis ; Pregnancy* ; Trisomy

No abstract available.
Infant, Newborn ; Meconium Aspiration Syndrome* ; Meconium* ; Mortality ; Suction*

No abstract available.
Teratoma*

BACKGROUND: Many studies document the presence of abnormalities in amino acids metabolism in chronic uremia. These abnormalities have been attributed to low protein intake, deficiency of excretory and metabolic functions of the diseased kidneys, toxic effects of uremia on the intermediary metabolism of amino acids and in dialysis patients, loss of protein and amino acids by the dialytic procedure. METHODS: This study was designed to compare anthropometric measurement, biochemical characteristics and plasma amino acid concentration between patients with end stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis (HD) and normal controls. A cross sectional study of overnight fasting plasma amino acids and plasma albumin, prealbumin, triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, transferrin concentration were performed on 20 hemodialysis patients and 20 normal controls, matched by age and sex. RESULTS: The concentrations of prealbumin (25.60+/-7.05 mg/dL vs 35.08+/-8.11 mg/dL, p<0.005), transferrin (158.30+/-39.66 mg/dL vs 275.50+/-55.46 mg/dL, p<0.001) were found to be lower in HD patients. No differences in albumin, cholesterol and TG were observed between the two groups. Several amino acids (taurine, cystine, phosphoserine) were found to be higher in the HD patients, while the concentrations of other five amino acids (serine, alanine, valine, leucine, tyrosine) were lowered in HD patients. No differences in nine amino acids (asparagine, glutamine, proline, glycine, methionine, isoleucine, lysine, histidine, arginine) were observed between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that chronic renal failure patients have malnutrition and amino acids abnormalities. To correct the amino acids abnormalities and improve nitrogen utilization in hemodialysis patients, correction of acidosis and supplementation of the diet with serine should be considered.
Acidosis ; Alanine ; Amino Acids ; Cholesterol ; Cystine ; Dialysis ; Diet ; Fasting ; Glutamine ; Glycine ; Histidine ; Humans ; Isoleucine ; Kidney ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Leucine ; Lysine ; Malnutrition ; Metabolism ; Methionine ; Nitrogen ; Nutritional Status* ; Plasma* ; Prealbumin ; Proline ; Renal Dialysis* ; Serine ; Serum Albumin ; Transferrin ; Triglycerides ; Uremia ; Valine

No abstract available.
Jaundice

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the independent prognostic value of Ki-67 in lymph node-negative breast cancer and the usefulness of Ki-67 when it combined with St. Gallen classification as a guidance of adjuvant chemotherapy for node-negative cancer. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 534 patients with lymph node-negative breast cancer who underwent curative surgery between 1998 and 2001 at our institution. Patients were classified according to the guideline of risk groups of St. Gallen consensus and the level of Ki-67 expression. Distant metastasis-free survival (DFS) rates were compared between groups. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 55 months, the overall 5-year DFS rate was 91.5%. The 5-year DFS rates for patients with high and low Ki-67 tumors (cut-off value: > or = 10%) were 84.6% and 93.7%, respectively (p < 0.001). In a Cox regression model involving potential prognostic factors, high Ki-67 expression could independently predict the risk of distant recurrence (odds ratio = 2.0 [95% confidence interval, 1.03-3.93]). The 5-year DFS rates for patients with average and minimal risk group of St. Gallen classification were 89.3% and 97.5%, respectively. The average risk group was further divided into two subgroups with significantly different prognosis according to the Ki-67 expression (DFS rate: 84.2% vs. 91.5%; p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Ki-67 was an independent prognostic factor in lymph node-negative breast cancer and the combination of Ki-67 expression and the St. Gallen classification could provide a more useful therapeutic guideline for lymph node-negative breast cancer patients.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Classification ; Consensus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To evaluate the independent prognostic value of Ki-67 in lymph node-negative breast cancer and the usefulness of Ki-67 when it combined with St. Gallen classification as a guidance of adjuvant chemotherapy for node-negative cancer. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 534 patients with lymph node-negative breast cancer who underwent curative surgery between 1998 and 2001 at our institution. Patients were classified according to the guideline of risk groups of St. Gallen consensus and the level of Ki-67 expression. Distant metastasis-free survival (DFS) rates were compared between groups. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 55 months, the overall 5-year DFS rate was 91.5%. The 5-year DFS rates for patients with high and low Ki-67 tumors (cut-off value: > or = 10%) were 84.6% and 93.7%, respectively (p < 0.001). In a Cox regression model involving potential prognostic factors, high Ki-67 expression could independently predict the risk of distant recurrence (odds ratio = 2.0 [95% confidence interval, 1.03-3.93]). The 5-year DFS rates for patients with average and minimal risk group of St. Gallen classification were 89.3% and 97.5%, respectively. The average risk group was further divided into two subgroups with significantly different prognosis according to the Ki-67 expression (DFS rate: 84.2% vs. 91.5%; p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Ki-67 was an independent prognostic factor in lymph node-negative breast cancer and the combination of Ki-67 expression and the St. Gallen classification could provide a more useful therapeutic guideline for lymph node-negative breast cancer patients.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Classification ; Consensus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: In Korean Red Cross, recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA) has been used for the confirmatory test of HCV positive units since 1995. To certify the HCV infection in blood donors who showed the 'indeterminate result on the RIBA test, this study was performed. METHODS: Three enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kits (LG HCD 3.0, DONG-A HCV 3.0, and ORTHO HCV 3.0)and RNA detection method were employed to evaluate infection state of 135 samples of the 'indeterminate in the RIBA test. RESULTS: The 52.6% of the samples showed the same test results with three EIA kits. Fifteen samples (11.1%) were HCV RNA positive with RT-PCR-hybridization technique. Among 15 samples of HCV RNA positive, 13 (86.7%), 13 (86.7%), and 14(93.3%) of samples were positive in LG HCD 3.0, Ortho HCV 3.0 and Dong-A HCV 3.0 EIA, respectively. In the analysis of RIBA band reaction, HCV RNA positivity were correlated with core14, core518, and 897 antigen. However, among 64 samples which react with core antigen only, five samples (7.8%) were HCV RNA positive. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of the present study, it is recommend that the HCV RNA test be used as a method of confirmatory test in order to notify exact HCV positivity status to blood donor who showed indeterminate RIBA result.
Blood Donors* ; Humans ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Red Cross ; RNA ; Tissue Donors*

From October, 1984 to December, 1988, 1177 cases of posterior chamber lens were implanted. Clinical study was done on 1030 cases which could be followed up for more than 2 months. The results were as follows: 1. The best corrected visual acuity of 0.5 or better was in 981 cases(95.2%) and 1.0 or better was in 676 cases(65.6%). 2. the best corrected visual acuity was achieved with the correction of average -1.07 +/- 1.28D by spherical equivalent. 3. The postoperative astigmatism was average 1.57 +/- 1.70D. 4. The difference between the calculated prediction of postoperative refraction and the actual postoperative refraction was less than 1.00D in 64.1% and calculated prediction tended to be biased toward hypermetropia with mean error of 0.37 +/- 1.21D.
Astigmatism ; Bias (Epidemiology) ; Hyperopia ; Visual Acuity