No abstract available.

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study. OBJECTIVES: To examine the radiologic and clinical results of patients classified as excessive translation and excessive angulation, treated by posterolateral fusion only, or posterolateral fusion with posterior lumbar interbody fusion in isthmic spondylolisthesis. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Isthmic spondylolisthesis is usually treated by PLF only or PLF with PLIF. But it is not reported the clinical and radiologic results classified by translation type. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who had received surgery for spondylolisthesis between January 2005 to January 2010, there were 56 for whom follow-up observations were possible for 2 years. According to the fusion methods and preoperative flexion-extension simple radiograph, we classified as excessive translation and excessive angulation by segmental instability and as PLF and PLIF by surgical methods. We examine the clinical results(Visual Analogue Scale, Oswestry Distability Index, operation time, blood loss, complication rate) and the radiologic results(reduction rate of slippage, change of segmental angle, reduction ratio of disc height, bone union). RESULTS: In radiologic results, excessive angulation(group II) did not show significant difference from excessive translation(group I) in terms of reduction rate of slippage, change of segmental angle, reduction ratio of disc height, bone union. But we found excessive translation-PLIF(group I-B) was better than excessive translation-PLF(group I-A) and excessive angulation-PLIF(group II-B) was better than excessive angulation-PLF(II-A) in terms of reduction ratio of disc height(P<0.05). In clinical results, both sides group did not show significant difference in operation time, blood loss, complication rate. CONCLUSIONS: In spondylolisthesis patients, excessive translation group(I) and excessive angulation group(II) did not show significant difference in radiologic results and clinical results. But both sides group showed the PLF with PLIF was better than the PLF only in terms of reduction ratio of disc height.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Spondylolisthesis

No abstract available.
Wilms Tumor*

Behcet's disease is a multisystem disorder presented with recurrent oral and genital ulcerations as well as ocular involvement. The principal manifestations in the urinary system are glomerulonephritis, cystitis, epididymitis, orchitis, and genital ulcerations. Urethrovaginal fistula is an unusual complication. The primary lesion of the disease is a small vessel vasculitis with endothelial deposition of immunocomplexes, and consequent inflammatory and necrotizing process of the vascular wall. We experienced a 19-year-old woman with Behcet's disease, who had a large urethrovaginal fistula on the anterior vaginal wall. The size of fistula was 2x1cm. For this patient, we tried combining bulbocavernosus muscle and labial fat pad flap (Martius flap) urethral reconstruction. This operative method seemed to be safe and effective for the urethral defect with Behcet's disease.
Adipose Tissue ; Behcet Syndrome ; Cystitis ; Epididymitis ; Female ; Fistula* ; Glomerulonephritis ; Humans ; Male ; Orchitis ; Ulcer ; Vasculitis ; Young Adult

Purpose: We aimed to assess local tumor progression (LTP) rate and associated prognostic factors in 92 patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation (RFA) using saline-perfused electrodes to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (≤ 5 cm). Materials and Methods: Total 92 patients with 148 HCCs were treated with RFA using salineperfused electrodes, from 2009 to 2015. We retrospectively evaluated technical success, technique efficacy, and LTP rates. Potential prognostic factors for LTP were perivascular tumor, subphrenic tumor, artificial ascites, tumor size (≥ 2 cm), and previous treatment of transarterial chemoembolization. Analysis was performed by lesion, rather than by person. Results: During follow-up period from 1 to 97.4 months, total cumulative LTP rates were 7.9%, 11.4%, and 14.6% at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. These values were significantly higher in the perivascular (35.1%; p = 0.009) and subphrenic group (38.9%; p = 0.002) at 5-year. We did not observe any significant difference in LTP according to other prognostic factors (p > 0.05). Conclusion RFA with saline-perfused electrode is a safe and effective treatment modality for HCC (≤ 5 cm), with lower LTP rates. Nevertheless, perivascular and subphrenic HCCs demonstrated higher LTP rate than other sites. It is imperative to note that perivascular and subphrenic location of HCC are associated with a high risk of local recurrence, despite the use of salineperfused electrodes.

The leiomyoma of the uterus is most common benign genital tumor in women of reproductive age but occurs in the vagina rarely and may be confused with a variety of vaginal tumors. A preoperative diagnosis is seldom made. Recently we experienced a case of vaginal leiomyoma arising in the anterior vagina wall and concomitant uterine leiomyoma, so we report this case with a brief review of literature.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Uterus ; Vagina*

PURPOSE: Laparoscopic surgery has become the standard method of radical nephrectomy within the urological community. We compared the safety and efficacy of different techniques for laparoscopic radical nephrectomy (LRN) in a single medical center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 2002 and August 2007, we performed LRN for renal cell cancer in 45 cases by a transperitoneal approach (TLRN), in 21 cases by a retroperitoneal approach (RLRN), and in 32 cases by a hand-assisted approach (HLRN), and the results of each approach were compared. Surgical results such as operative time, estimated blood loss (EBL), transfusion rate, hospital stay, complications, and pathologic results were reviewed retrospectively and analyzed by one-way ANOVA. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in demographic data among the 3 groups. The pathologic reports showed clear cell type in 97 cases and chromophobe type in 1 case. For each group (TLRN vs. RLRN vs. HLRN), the mean operative time was 207.9+/-57.06 vs. 211.8+/-52.85 vs. 184.4+/-49.43 minutes, respectively (p=0.03); the EBL was 135.0+/-29.40 vs. 153.8+/-45.59 vs. 183.4+/-89.25 ml, respectively (p=0.14); time to oral intake was 2.3+/-0.79 vs. 1.2+/-0.54 vs. 2.6+/-0.84 days, respectively (p<0.01); and the hospital stay was 6.7+/-0.77 vs. 5.4+/-0.73 vs. 8.2+/-1.51 days, respectively (p<0.01). There were no severe complications. The pathologic surgical margins were all negative. CONCLUSIONS: LRN can be performed efficiently and effectively with the transperitoneal, retroperitoneal, and hand-assisted techniques. Operators may select the technique for LRN according to their own preferences. In our experience, RLRN may protect the organ from injury and promote the recovery of lifestyle because of the early recovery of bowel movement.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Laparoscopy ; Length of Stay ; Life Style ; Nephrectomy ; Operative Time ; Retrospective Studies

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) in pediatric and adolescent patients is rare, and it is associated with various clinical symptoms. We introduce the case of an 8-year-old boy with ACC who presented with peripheral precocious puberty at his first visit. He displayed penis enlargement with pubic hair and facial acne. His serum adrenal androgen levels were elevated, and abdominal computed tomography revealed a right suprarenal mass. After complete surgical resection, the histological diagnosis was ACC. Two months after surgical removal of the mass, he subsequently developed central precocious puberty. He was treated with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist to delay further pubertal progression. In patients with functioning ACC and surgical removal, clinical follow-up and hormonal marker examination for the secondary effects of excessive hormone secretion may be a useful option at least every 2 or 3 months after surgery.
Acne Vulgaris ; Adolescent ; Adrenocortical Carcinoma* ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; Hair ; Humans ; Male ; Penis ; Puberty, Precocious* ; Virilism

An isolated aneurysm of the iliac artery is a very rare disease that can occur as the result of atherosclerotic degeneration, mycosis, trauma, medial necrosis, fibrodysplasia, or Marfan syndrome. This abnormality is often asymptomatic, and it has a potential risk of rupture. Since patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis have many comorbid conditions, the risk of rupture is increased. Here, we report the case of an isolated common iliac artery aneurysm that was caused by atherosclerosis in a patient on hemodialysis, and we review the relevant literature.
Aneurysm ; Atherosclerosis ; Humans ; Iliac Aneurysm ; Iliac Artery ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Marfan Syndrome ; Necrosis ; Rare Diseases ; Renal Dialysis ; Renal Insufficiency ; Rupture

This study was conducted in July-August, 1984, to define the causes of chronic gastrointestinal symptoms in rural population and to provide data for the management of such patients. A household survey was conducted to identify all the residents of Youngchun and Sungju counties in Kyungpook province who were over 20 years of age, had chronic upper gastrointestinal symptoms for over the last 6 months, never had medical examination for the symptoms, and volunteered to participate in the gastroscopic examination. Gastroscopy was done for 106 males and 108 females. Gastric ulcer was found in 16.8% of all the examinees, duodenal ulcer in 15.4%, gastritis in 14.0%, and gastric cancer in 3.7%. No lesion was found by gastroscopy in 52.3%. Gastric ulcer more common in male(26.4%) than in female(7.4%) (p<0.01) and the same was true for duodenal ulcer(20.8% of male, 10.2% of female). Gastric cancer was found in 7.5% of the male while none of the female had gastric cancer. A higher proportion of the female(68.5%) showed normal finding in the gastroscopy than the male(35.9%) (p<0.01). No significant association was found between the upper gastrointestinal symptoms and the gastroscopic findings. The higher prevalence rate of gastric ulcer than that of duodenal ulcer in this study which is the reverse of the study findings of urban area in Korea and western countries may be related in part with the dietary habit and social environment of the rural population. Although early diagnosis is the most important for the treatment of gastric cancer, many of the people with chronic upper gastrointestinal complaints defer the diagnosis and treatment. It is may be due to lack of the knowledge of disease and the health care attitude of the rural people. A national program for the health education and mass screening for the gastric cancer should be developed.
Delivery of Health Care ; Diagnosis ; Duodenal Ulcer ; Early Diagnosis ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Food Habits ; Gastritis ; Gastroscopy ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Health Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence ; Rural Population ; Social Environment ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Stomach Ulcer