Intracranial hypoglossal neurinomas are rare and only about fifty cases have been reported worldwidely. They usually present with hypoglossal nerve palsy preoperatively. The authors experienced, however, two cases of intracranial hypoglossal neurinomas without preoperative hypoglossal nerve palsy. One patient was operated using transcondylar retrosigmoid approach with C1 laminectomy and the other using midline suboccipital craniectomy with C1 laminectomy. Postoperatively hypoglossal nerve palsy was developed in both cases. Absence of preoperative hypoglossal palsy seemed to be related to somewhat different growth pattern in these two cases. When the tumor shows typical radiological findings of hypoglossal neurinoma, it must be included in differential diagnosis despite absence of preoperative hypoglossal nerve palsy.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Hypoglossal Nerve Diseases* ; Hypoglossal Nerve* ; Laminectomy ; Neurilemmoma* ; Paralysis

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Following tooth loss, the edentulous alveolar process of maxilla is affected by irreversible reabsorption process, with progressive sinus pneumatization leads to leaving inadquate bone height for placement of endosseous implants. Grafting the floor of maxillary sinus by sinus lifting surgery and augmentation of autologous bone or alternative bone material is a method of attaining sufficient bone height for maxillary implants placement and has proven to be a highty successful. PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to clarify the morphometric characteristics of inferior maxillary sinus and alveolar process for installation of implants. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Nineteen skulls (37 sinuses, 10M / 9F) obtained from the collection of the department of anatomy and cell biology of Hanyang medical school were studied. The mean age of the deceased was 69.9 years (range 44 to 88 years). The distance between alveolar border and inferior sinus margin at each tooth, the height of alveolar process and the thickness of cortical bone of the outer and inner table of alveolar process and the inferior wall of maxillary sinus were measured. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 1. The septum of inferior maxillary sinus were observe 28 sides (76.%) and located at the third molar (52.6%) and the second molar (26.3%). The deepest points of inferior border of maxillary sinus were located the first or second molar. The distance between alveolar margin and the deepest point of inferior maxillary sinus is 9.7 +/- 4.9 mm. 2. The length of the outer table of alveolar process were 4.9-28.2 mm and the shortest point was between the first and the second molors. The thickness of them were 0.9-3.2 mm. The length of the inner table of alveolar process were 7.4-25.8 mm and the shortest point was between the first and the second molars. The thickness of the were 0.9-4.6 mm. The results of this study are useful anatomical data for installing of maxillary implants.
Alveolar Process* ; Lifting ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Sinus* ; Molar ; Molar, Third ; Schools, Medical ; Skull ; Tooth ; Tooth Loss ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the marginal adaptation of a ceramic-pressed-to-metal restoration with traditional metal-ceramic restoration. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Duplicating the prepared resin tooth, 20 metal dies were fabricated. Twenty metal copings of 2 groups which were metal ceramic restoration and pressed to metal restoration were fabricated. The marginal opening of each coping was measured with Microscope (BX 60M-36E 41D(R): Olympus, Japan). After porcelain build-up, the marginal opening of metal ceramic restoration and pressed to metal restoration (PoM(R): Ivoclar vivadent., Liechtenstein) were also evaluated in the same method. The measurements were analyzed using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test and Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: Within the limits of this study, the results were as follows. 1. Metal-ceramic restorations in coping state (64.93 +/- 12.48 microm) in compared with Metal ceramic restorations after porcelain build-up (63.43 +/- 12.86 microm) had no significant difference in marginal adaptation. 2. Pressed-metal-ceramic restorations in coping state (50.00 +/- 12.28 microm) in compared with Pressed metal ceramic restorations after porcelain build-up (56.72 +/- 13.80 microm) had no significant difference in marginal adaptation. 3. Metal-ceramic restorations in compared Pressed-metal-ceramic restorations had no significant difference in marginal adaptation. CONCLUSION: Pressed-metal-ceramic restorations have the advantage of being technically less change through using of the lost-wax technique and this allows for the convenience of a full-contour ceramic wax-up as opposed to the more technique-sensitive layering method. Pressed-metal-ceramic restorations may be considered in clinic on the basis of the result of this study and the advantage of this system.
Acrylic Resins ; Ceramics ; Composite Resins ; Dental Porcelain ; Imidazoles ; Metal Ceramic Alloys ; Nitro Compounds ; Polyurethanes ; Tooth ; Waxes

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a life-threatening complication in patients with ascites caused by advanced liver disease. While gram negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia are the common pathogens, Listeria monocytogenes has been recognized as a very rare pathogen. Empirical treatment with third generation cephalosporins does not provide adequate antibiotics coverage against L. monocytogenes. Diagnosis is often delayed as it requires confirmation from ascitic fluid culture. Herein, we describe the first case of SBP caused by L. monocytogenes in a patient with advanced alcoholic liver cirrhosis in Korea. Clinicians should be aware of the atypical pathogens, especially in patients with inadequate response to empirical antibiotics.
Ampicillin/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Ascites/microbiology ; Humans ; Listeria monocytogenes/*physiology ; Listeriosis/*diagnosis/drug therapy ; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/*diagnosis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peritonitis/*diagnosis/*microbiology

An 82-year-old woman presented with a 5-year history of erythematous to brown patches and plaques on both legs, arms and trunk. Histopathological findings of biopsy specimens were consistent with mycosis fungoides, and the tumor cells were positive for CD3 and negative for CD20 in immunohistochemical stain. Imaging studies proposed the suspicion of ureter cancer, and the result of cystoscopic biopsy showed papillary urothelial carcinoma. Mycosis fungoides is the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, characterized by variable cutaneous manifestations, including patches, plaques, tumors, and erythroderma. There were several studies concerning the evaluation of the second malignancy risk after cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, however the relationship between mycosis fungoides and ureter cancer is not revealed. This patient is considered a case of mycosis fungoides with coincidental ureter cancer.
Aged, 80 and over ; Arm ; Biopsy ; Dermatitis, Exfoliative ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous ; Mycosis Fungoides ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; Ureter ; Ureteral Neoplasms

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of childbirth, breastfeeding, and their interaction with breast cancer (BC) risk reduction, and to evaluate the heterogeneity in the BC risk reduction effects of these factors by menopause, hormone receptor (HR) status, and pathological subtype. METHODS: BC patients aged 40+ from the Korean Breast Cancer Registry in 2004-2012 and controls from the Health Examinee cohort participants were included in this study after 1:1 matching (12 889 pairs) by age and enrollment year. BC risk according to childbirth, breastfeeding, and their interaction was calculated in logistic regression models using odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: BC risk decreased with childbirth (3+ childbirths relative to 1 childbirth: OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.78 and OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.68 to 0.95 in postmenopausal and premenopausal women, respectively); and the degree of risk reduction by the number of children was heterogeneous according to menopausal status (p-heterogeneity=0.04), HR status (p-heterogeneity < 0.001), and pathological subtype (p-heterogeneity < 0.001); whereas breastfeeding for 1-12 months showed a heterogeneous association with BC risk according to menopausal status, with risk reduction only in premenopausal women (p-heterogeneity < 0.05). The combination of 2 more childbirths and breastfeeding for ≥13 months had a much stronger BC risk reduction of 49% (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.45 to 0.58). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the combination of longer breastfeeding and more childbirths reduces BC risk more strongly, and that women who experience both 2 or more childbirths and breastfeed for ≥13 months can reduce their BC risk by about 50%.
Breast Feeding* ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Child ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Menopause ; Odds Ratio ; Parturition* ; Population Characteristics ; Risk Reduction Behavior*

Cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) is involved in the 2-hydroxylation of estrogen, the hormone that plays a critical role in the etiology of breast carcinoma. We evaluated the associations between two CYP1A1 polymorphisms [MspI (rs4646903); Ile462Val (rs1048943)] and breast cancer in a multicenter case-control study of 513 breast cancer cases and 447 controls in Korea. Women carrying the T allele of the CYP1A1 MspI polymorphism were found to have a 1.72-fold (95% CI 1.11-2.68) greater risk of developing breast cancer. No association was found between any CYP1A1 Ile462Val polymorphism and breast cancer. Haplotype analysis of the two loci showed that the CA haplotype was associated with the lowest risk of breast cancer, and CA/CA diplotypes were associated with a lower risk of breast cancer [OR = 0.28 (0.13-0.61)] than others/others diplotypes. Moreover, this reduced risk was more pronounced among women with a lower body mass index (BMI) [OR = 0.18 (0.06-0.58)] or with a shorter lifetime exposure to estrogen [OR = 0.23 (0.07-0.81)]. The results obtained suggest that the CYP1A1 MspI polymorphisms could affect susceptibility to breast cancer.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Body Mass Index ; Breast Neoplasms/*genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/*genetics ; *Disease Susceptibility ; Female ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Korea ; Middle Aged ; *Polymorphism, Genetic

Common clinical manifestations in patients with IgG subclass deficiency include recurrent respiratory tract infection, recurrent otitis media and sinopulmonary infection by virus or bacteria. The administration of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been regarded as the most effective therapy in these patients. We experienced a 22-year-old patient with IgG3 subclass deficiency and recurrent fungal infection of oral cavity and lips. IVIG was given at 0.2g/kg/dose twice a month for 6 months. After treatment with IVIG, the patient improved clinically.
Bacteria ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Immunoglobulins ; Immunoglobulins, Intravenous ; Lip ; Mouth* ; Otitis Media ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Young Adult