Cells, Cultured ; Coal ; toxicity ; Dust ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mutagenicity Tests ; Mutagens ; toxicity ; Mutation ; drug effects ; Salmonella typhimurium ; drug effects ; genetics ; Sister Chromatid Exchange ; drug effects

Medication has become the first-line option for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms induced by benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) for its advantages in controlling the symptoms, inhibiting BPH progression, and reducing serious complications and surgical risks. Recent years have witnessed remarkable achievement in the studies of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) in the treatment of LUTS/BPH. PDE5-Is can effectively alleviate LUTS/BPH, with even better efficacy when combined with al-ARAs.
Humans ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Male ; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; complications

Objective To explore the structure of self-developed "The Compliance Scale Among Kidney Transplantation Recipients" in order to provide effective tool to evaluate kidney transplantation recipients' compliance. Methods 886 follow-up kidney transplantation recipients of six organ transplantation centers in Shanghai were surveyed by "The Compliance Scale Among Kidney Transplantation Recipients". Results The exploratory factor analysis yielded a 25-item four-factor model termed medication compliance, life habits compliance, self-monitoring compliance, follow-up compliance. Conclusions The self-developed "The Compliance Scale Among Kidney Transplantation Recipients" could be a useful tool for evaluating compliance among kidney transplantation recipients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the application and effects of external fixator under the guidance of damage control therapy in limb open fracture.

METHODSFrom May 2008 to January 2013,72 cases with severe limb open fractures (Unincor- porated shock) were divided into control group and observation group (36 cases in each group). In observation group, 36 patients (including 22 males and 14 females) were treated by external fixator at stage I, as soon as possible after waiting for patients physiology conditions being stable,the stage II fracture operation was performed. In control group, 36 patients (24 males and 12 females) were treated by the first stage open reduction. The hospital admission time, open fracture severity score (OFSS),operation duration,operative blood loss,X-ray expose times, callus appear time, fracture healing time, postoperative infection rate, complications and Johner-Wruhs accceccment were recorded and evaluated.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 8 to 12 months (10.4 in averaged). The mean operation duration, operative blood loss, callus appear time, fracture healing time the mean operation duration reespectively were (56.79±8.87) min, (216.16±18.21) ml, (5.32±0.71) weeks, (12.79±2.52) weeks in observation group,and (104.53±9.28) min, (439.93±14.65) ml, (4.97±1.26) weeks, (14.81±2.63) weeks in control group. According to Johner-Wruhs acccecement,there were were 33 cases in excellent,2 in good,and 1 in poor in observation group,non-union of fracture in 1 case,local infection occurred in 1 cases; in control group 25 cases in excellent,6 in good, and 5 in poor, non-union of fracture in 1 case,local infection occurred in 8 cases. There were significant differences in operation duration, operative blood loss, callus appear time, fracture healing time, postoperative infection rate, complications (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in hospital admission time, open fracture severity score and X-ray expose times (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONUnder the guidance of damage control therapy,using external fixator measures to treat patients with open fractures of limbs is worth popularizing in clinical application because it can shorten the operation time, less blood loss, reduce the infection rate and complications, improve the success rate of surgery and recovery rate.

Adult ; Aged ; External Fixators ; Extremities ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Open ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology

Hip fracture patients preoperative and postoperative exist hidden blood loss which often affect patients' wound healing, increase the probability of infection, prolong rehabilitation exercise, influence postoperative effect. At the same time, the body's blood loss increase the activation of the blood clotting mechanism, promote the incidence of deep vein thrombosis, bleeding and deep vein thrombosis has become the main causes of high risk in hip operation. It is very important to stop bleeding, anticoagulation should not be ignored, so how to effectively deal with the prominent contradiction between the postoperative anticoagulation and bleeding or looking for a best balance has become a intractable problems in hip fracture treatment.
Anticoagulants ; therapeutic use ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; prevention & control ; Hip Fractures ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Intraoperative Complications ; drug therapy ; etiology ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences between computer aided identification and ultra-thin layer slicing in measuring the lesions of femoral head necrosis,and to confirm the accuracy and practicability of computer aided method.

METHODSFrom June 2012 to December 2013, the X-ray and MRI of 24 patients (24 hips on unilateral) were reviewed, who had avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFA) at late stage (stage III and IV) according to the ARCO international staging system. There were 15 males and 9 females, with an average age of (65.1 ± 8.8) years old, ranged 33 to 74 years old. Based on the software system with seeds point identification, the ragional adaptive search method with computer aid was used to calculate the volume of necrotic lesion in femoral on MRI. Then the pathological slices of those intraoperative femoral heads were made to measure the gross volume of necrotic lesion in femoral head,and the values were compared with the data in the computer.

RESULTSFor 24 hips, by the calculation of computer, the necrotic volume was (20.00 ± 3.04) cm (ranged, 18.72 to 21.29 cm³). Under the pathological section, the necrotic volume of the femoral head was (19.89 ± 3.17) cm³ (ranged, 18.55 to 21.23 cm³). In computer and pathology two kinds of measurement, the two entire femoral head volume had no significant difference using these two measurements (t = -1.227, P = 0.232).

CONCLUSIONComputer aided identification for necrotic area of femoral head adaptive can demonstrate the morphology of femoral head necrosis accurately and reliably, which will help surgeon better understand the morphology and orientation in femoral head.

Adult ; Aged ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; Female ; Femur Head Necrosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged

To explore the epidemiological character of Methicillin-resistant Stapkylococcus aureus (MRSA) by the phenotyping and genotyping motheds and to investgate the source, transmission, and the spread of nosocomial MRSA infection, consequently, reducing the nosocomial infection of MRSA. In this study, 19 MRSA strains were isolated from patients and environment in a hospital in two months. Patterns of resistantce against 16 antimicrobial agents and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ( PFGE) of these strains were analyzed to find the relationship among those isolates Clustering analysis was made from the patterns. Some isolates with high homology was found in 19 MRSA, 11 of them belong to type A, and 8 of them belong to the same subtype A1. They were endemic in burn ward, oncological ward and ICU. In addition, 4 isolates were clustered into group B, all found in the same ward of burn unit Thus, our results indicated a outbreak of MRSA ( A type) in this hospital and the potential prevalence of MRSA (B type) , which might be mediated by health care stuff. It is essential to enhance the infection control implementation and to utilize the PFGE genotyping system for the real-time surveillance of MRSA.

AIM:Targeting of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) gene,we aim to construct FAK shRNA lentiviral vector and to identify its function on the growth of leukemic cells.METHODS:FAK shRNA was chemically synthesized,and inserted into a GFP-lentiviral plasmid through molecular biology methods.After packaged and concentrated,the lentiviral-FAK-shRNA-vector was transduced into a human leukemic cell line.FAK gene expression was detected by reverse transcriptional PCR and Western blotting.Cell apoptosis was measured by Annexin V labeling.RESULTS:The results showed that FAK shRNA was successfully inserted into the lentival vector,and the infection efficiency varied from 10% to 25%.Compared to the control vector (lentival vector without FAK shRNA),FAK shRNA inhibited the expression of FAK mRNA and protein by 40% and 70%,respectively.Moreover,the results of apoptosis experiment showed that the percentages of Annexin V+ cells in control vector group and FAK shRNA group were (4.19 ? 0.36) % and (8.48 ? 0.58) % respectively,the difference was statistically significant (P

Objective To explore the DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of rats exposed to sodium arsenite. Methods Thirty-two Wistar rats, weighing 180 - 200 g, equal male and female, were randomly divided into 4 groups, 8 in each group. Sodium arsenite 0(control) ,0.05,0.15,0.45 mg/L were given through drinking water for 30 days. Body weight and drinking water consumption were measured every day. Blood were collected and DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes was examined by single cell gel electrophoresis.Results The increase of body mass[( 121.00 ± 38.57), ( 120.62 ± 42.80), ( 125.38 ± 48.68)g]and water intake [(36.9 ± 6.2), (37.9 ± 5.8), (39.3 ± 4.2)ml/d]in 0.05,0.15,0.45 mg/L sodium arsenite groups were compared with the control group[( 119.25 ± 47.27)g, (38.4 ± 5.1 )ml/d], and the difference were not significant (F = 0.040,0.828, all P ＞ 0.05). The tail ratios[46.25%(185/400) ,57.00%(228/400),64.00%(256/400)], tail lengths [(32.89 ± 17.18), (58.74 ± 36.28), (77.55 ± 35.73 ) μm]and tail moments [(6.29 ± 3.74), ( 11.20 ± 9.64),(17.30 ± 12.60)μm]in 0.05,0.15,0.45 mg/L sodium arsenite groups were significantly higher than those of the control group[39.25%(157/400), (18.73 ± 15.83),(2.61 ± 1.05)μm, all P ＜ 0.01], and the tail ratios,tail lengths and tail moments in lymphocytes increased with increased doses of arsenic concentration. Conclusions Low doses of arsenic exposure can induce DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of rats.

Objective To analyze the manifestation,reason,the processing method of the steel wire implantation with the sereotactic mammography to improve the accuracy of the preoperative positioning.Methods Seventy-nine cases which got the stereotactic steel wire implantation.In 96 lesions, 13 had steel wire displacement.Among them,5 cases got steel wire displacement during the sereotactic process,5 cases got steel wire displacement after the stereotactic process,2 cases got steel wire displacement during the operation,one case did not show the calcification on the postoperative radiography.Results The steel wire displacement occurred in 5 cases during the stereotactic process came from the patients and doctors respectively and the repositioning was needed.The steel wire displacement after the stereoscopic positioning was attributed to the overdose injection of local anesthesia,which led to the mismatch between the depth of Z axis of the mammary gland and the actual depth the computer given,the incorrect method for needle placement,and,neglecting whether the steel wire have got the lesion anchored when pulling out the needle set of steel wire hood,besides,these three kinds of instances above were all exaggerated by the accordion effect.For the displacement within 2 cm,the lesion can be excised toward the pathological change direction according to the position that steel wire prompted and re-place the second steel wire,putting the J-shaped steel wire into the needle hood and taking it out of the body.After repositioning,2 cases had the steel wire prolapse during operation,which resulted from the over-lifting of the steel wire.After placing the steel wire, the radiologist should give an accurate description on the depth and direction to the surgeon and the notch should be taken for incision from the steel wire head end which is proximate to skin.The postoperative specimen from one case had no calcification,which might be related to the condition that the calcification was located in the gland body,which got destruction from the surgical electrical electrotome.The excisionscope should be extended and the short term reexamination is recommended to make sure the complete excision of the calcification.Conclusion It is the gold standard method that implanting the steel wire with the stereotactic mammography to guide the surgical dissecting technique to diagnose non-palpable breast lesion(NPBL).Thorough understanding of the displacement manifestation of implanting steel wire with stereotactic technique and the treatment methods will be helpful in the surgical dissecting guidance.