Chorioangioma is the most common primary tumor of the placenta. It is widely accepted to be formed from hamartomatous proliferation of angioblastic cells in early placenta. According to groups who systematically examined the placentas with the greatest scrutiny, the incidence of chorioangioma is 1~1.2% of all placentas examined. The clinical implication of chorioangioma has been emphasized due to its high association with hydramnios, antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage, premature onset of labor, or intrauterine fetal distress or death. The authors experienced a case of a 38-year old multigravida who had undergone 4 consecutive spontaneous abortions. The fifth pregnancy was carried to 35 weeks whereupon a dead fetus was delivered. The placenta was enlarged(950 gm) with multiple protruding nodules into the fetal surface. Microscopically, the nodule was composed of many vilous structures lined by chorionic epithelium. Within these structures was proliferation of endothelial lined capillaries some of which demonstrated ectatic change.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence

A case of thanatophoric dwarfism is presented. The previous gestation was polyhydramniotic and aborted spontaneously at 19th week. The aborted fetus showed marked micromelia. Present gestation was also polyhydramniotic and terminated by therapeutic abortion at 31th weeks due to skeletal deformity representing thanatophoric dwarfism. The fetus shows typical characteristics of thanatophoric dwarfism. Grossly the fetus shows marked micromelia, narrowed thorax with relatively normal length of trunk, and enlarged head. In the radiograph the femur shows characteristic ‘ telephone receiver’-like form. And the histological observations shows marked disturbances of the endochondral ossification.
Aborted Fetus ; Abortion, Therapeutic ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Femur ; Fetus ; Head ; Pregnancy ; Telephone ; Thanatophoric Dysplasia* ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Sutures* ; Trachea*

We report a case of cutaneous calcinosis following extravasation of calcium calcium chloride in a 3-week old neonate, After extravasation of 3% calcium chloride infusion, rapid and marked swelling, erythema, and signs of soft tissue necrosis developed over the extensor surface of both upper extremities. Through the small channels of the destroyed epidermis, tiny white pieces of calcific masses were eliminated spontaneously. Histologically the calcium deposits were found as amorphous masses in the upper dermis and the discharge of calcium deposits also took place by means of transepidermal elimination. The central bone formation and surrounding calcium deposition were present along with dense lymphohistiocytic cell infiltration in the deep dermis. Complications of extravasation of calcium solution during intravenous infusion included localized calcification and, ocasionally necrosis. The incidence of compllcations was about eight percent. This is a case which again emphasises of the danger of using calcium chloride intravenously in the neonate or young infant.
Calcinosis* ; Calcium Chloride* ; Calcium* ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Erythema ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Necrosis ; Osteogenesis ; Upper Extremity

BACKGROUND: We conducted this study to verify whether a mechanical ventilator is adequate for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). METHODS: A self-inflating bag resuscitator and a mechanical ventilator were used to test two experimental models: Model 1 (CPR manikin without chest compression) and Model 2 (CPR manikin with chest compression). Model 2 was divided into three subgroups according to ventilator pressure limits (P(limit)). The self-inflating bag resuscitator was set with a ventilation rate of 10 breaths/min with the volume-marked bag-valve procedure. The mode of the mechanical ventilator was set as follows: volume-controlled mandatory ventilation of tidal volume (Vt) 600 mL, an inspiration time of 1.2 seconds, a constant flow pattern, a ventilation rate of 10 breaths/minute, a positive end expiratory pressure of 3 cmH2O and a maximum trigger limit. Peak airway pressure (P(peak)) and Vt were measured by a flow analyzer. Ventilation adequacy was determined at a Vt range of 400-600 mL with a P(peak) of < or = 50 cmH2O. RESULTS: In Model 1, Vt and P(peak) were in the appropriate range in the ventilation equipments. In Model 2, for the self-inflating bag resuscitator, the adequate Vt and P(peak) levels were 17%, and the P(peak) adequacy was 20% and the Vt was 65%. For the mechanical ventilator, the adequate Vt and P(peak) levels were 85%; the P(peak) adequacy was 85%; and the Vt adequacy was 100% at 60 cmH2O of P(limit). CONCLUSIONS: In a manikin model, a mechanical ventilator was superior to self-inflating bag resuscitator for maintaining adequate ventilation during chest compression.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation* ; Manikins* ; Models, Theoretical ; Positive-Pressure Respiration ; Thorax ; Tidal Volume ; Ventilation* ; Ventilators, Mechanical*

BACKGROUND: The present study was undertaken to know health-related lifestyles of Republic of Korea Air Force (ROKAF) pilots and to investigate prevalence of obesity of them.METHODS: 1284 KAF pilots were checked their height, weight, and body composition (% body fat). We also tried questionnaires on their health-related lifestyles which included the effort to be healthy, whether they know weight training is beneficial to G-tolerance, exercise habit and smoking history. RESULTS: Pilots' attitude for health promotion was relatively passive. Many of them know that weight training is good for their G-tolerance, but only 8.1% of the pilots carried out that training. They engaged much more in aerobic training, and also fighter pilots are less participated in weight training than transport pilots. The prevalence of obesity (29.4%) determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis was much higher than that assessed on the basis of height and weight (BMI, body mass index). It is suggested that many pilots who were normal in BMI have abdominal or visceral obesity. CONCLUSION: The health promotion program and physical conditioning program related to increasing G tolerance of KAF pilots flying high-performance aircraft are very important. These programs must be organized and progressed with flight surgeon and Aeromedical center in Chung-ju as leaders.
Aircraft ; Body Composition ; Chungcheongbuk-do ; Diptera ; Electric Impedance ; Health Promotion ; Life Style* ; Obesity ; Obesity, Abdominal ; Prevalence ; Republic of Korea ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Angiotensin II* ; Angiotensins* ; Animals ; Endocrine System* ; Rats*

BACKGROUND: Preservation of antigen determinants while retaining morphological detail is prerequisite for high quality immunohistochemistry. Conventional formalin fixation and paraffin embedding procedures are useful in preserving tissue architecture and cytologic detail. However, they destroy the antigenicity of many proteins is tissue samples. On the other hand, fresh frozen section preserve the antigenicity of most proteins, but vield poor morphological preservation. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the AMeX method as to the ability to preserve both antigenicity and morphologic details of the skin basement membrane zone so that precise localization of antigens can be attained in immunohistochemistry. METHODS: Tissues were fixed in acetone at -20degrees C over night, then cleared in methyl benzoate and xylene, consecutively, and embedded in ordinary paraffin at 58-60degrees C. Sections made from this paraffinembedded tissue were stained with hematoxylin and eosin for a morphologic study and immunolabelled with antibodies against major basement membrane antigens to evaluate antigenic preservation. The staining intensity and preservation of the morphology by the AMeX method were compared with conventional formalin processed tissues and frozen tissues. RESULTS: Morphological preservation of the AMeX method-processed sections was good throughout the epidermis, basement membrane, and dermis, and as good as that of routinely formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections. Frozen sections usually revealed revealed various degrees of damage by ice crystal formation throughout the epidermis to the dermis. The AMeX method-processed sections showed better or same antigenic preservation comparing the frozen sections when the sections were immunolabelled with specific monoclonal antibodies. But, when the sections were immunolabelled with patient's sera, the AMex method showed less antigenic preservation than the frozed sections. The anti-type IV collagen monoclonal antibody exhibited immunoreactivity only conventional formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded skin sections, but the intensity of the staining was weaker than the AMeX processed sections and the frozen sections. CONCLUSION: The AMeX method can be utilized for the demonstration of skin basement membrane antigens and is superior to the fresh-frozen method in that the histologic figures are more distinct and antigencity can be preserved for a long time.
Acetone* ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Basement Membrane* ; Benzoates* ; Collagen ; Dermis ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Epidermis ; Formaldehyde ; Frozen Sections ; Hand ; Hematoxylin ; Ice ; Immunohistochemistry ; Paraffin ; Paraffin Embedding ; Skin* ; Xylenes*

Cutaneous metastasis from renal cell carcinoma is not unusual, occurring in 3 to 7%, although it may be overlooked. We report a case of metastatic renal cell carcinoma in a 74-year-old man who was presented with a 1.5 x 1.5 x 0.5 cm-sized nodule on the right zygoma for 3 months. A skin biopsy demonstrated the typical clear cell adenocarcinoma with PAS(+) granules in the cytoplasm and honeycombed or glandular configuration, compatible with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Kidney ultrasonogram and abdomina1 CT scanning showed a large cystic mass on the upper pole of the left kidney. Furthermore radiologic studies revealed multiple metastatic lesions in the lung, liver and brain. He died 4 months later.
Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cytoplasm ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Skin ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Zygoma*

BACKGROUND: The properties of etomidate include hemodynamic stability, minimal respiratory depression, cerebral protection, and rapid recovery. However, its drawbacks include temporary inhibition of steroid synthesis, pain on injection, thrombophlebitis, myoclonus, nausea and vomiting. This study was done to discover the incidence of complications which could be observed during induction and the relationship between these complications and the age, sex and weight of Koreans. METHODS: Induction was done by etomidate 0.3 mg/kg and vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg. Pain on injection and hiccup were checked as present or absent. Myoclonus was checked as absent, mild, or severe. RESULTS: The incidence of pain on injection, hiccup and myoclonus were 4%, 10%, and 40% (mild 28%, severe 12%) respectively. There was no association between pain on injection and hiccup or myoclonus. Hiccup and myoclonus had some association (Gamma 0.774). Logistic regression revealed that there was no association between pain on injection or hiccup, and sex, age or weight. Myoclonus had some association with age and weight. The occurrence of myoclonus could be estimated by the following equation. log[ Fj(x) / { 1 Fj(x) } ] = aj 0.061 age 0.019 weight j = 1, 2 As age or weight increased, the myoclonus was more likely to fall at the low end (i.e., absence). CONCLUSIONS: The incidences of the pain on injection, hiccup and myoclonus were 4%, 10% and 40% respectively. The hiccup and the myoclonus had some positive association. The occurrence of myoclonus decreased as age or weight increased.
Etomidate* ; Hemodynamics ; Hiccup ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Myoclonus ; Nausea ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Thrombophlebitis ; Vecuronium Bromide ; Vomiting