We treated 160 patients with ureteral stones using extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (Siemens Lithostar, Germany) and evaluated many factors which influence the results of ESWL such as stone size, location, degree of ureteral obstruction. duration of impaction and adjuvant procedure. Our results showed that. in case of large stones (more than 1 cm in diameter), mid-ureteral stones, long-standing impacted stones or in-situ treatment, the success rates of ESWL were relatively poor. Therefore in cases accompanying the above-mentioned factors, in is necestary to recognize that the patients may be required to repeat ESWL. The results also suggest that the use of an ureteral catheter or stent may contribute to a slightly higher success rate. But we prefer in-situ extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy to an ureteral stent because it is an invasive procedure.
Humans ; Lithotripsy* ; Shock* ; Stents ; Ureter* ; Ureteral Obstruction ; Urinary Catheters

Computed Tomograms of 45 patients with or without lung mass were reviewed to determine the characteristics of the major and minor fissures. Also pulmonary vascular distibutions were analyzed to localize each pulmonary lobe. The results were as follows; 1. Each major fissure area was imaged frequently as lucent band, less frequently dense band. 2. The minor fissure areas were imaged as oval or triangular lucent zones. The oval or triangularlucent zones were as same frequency. 3. Avascular planes without above mentioned lucent zones were also correspond to minor fissure areas. 4. Slices of avascular zones were observated between pulmonary arteries to posterior segment or apicoposterior segment of upper lobe and to superior segement of lower lobe on both lungs.
Humans ; Lung ; Pulmonary Artery

Primary malignant lymphomas of bladder are very rare and most of them are secondary neoplasm occurring by direct extension or by metastatic spread. We report a case of malignant lymphoma showing gross involvement of bladder arising from the terminal ileum with a brief review of literature.
Ileum ; Lymphoma* ; Urinary Bladder*

BACKGROUND: Surgery has been considered the most effective and standard treatment modality in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). However in stage IIIA lung cancer, the role of surgery is still controversial. To evaluate the role of surgery for stage IIIA NSCLC, we investigated the survival after surgery and the prognostic factors. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We evaluated 158 consecutive cases of stage IIIA NSCLC patients operated on between 1990 and 1996. There were 130 male patients and 28 female patients, and the mean age was 58.5 years. All patients except one underwent lung resection beyond lobectomy and extended mediastinal dissection. Postoperative adjuvant therapy were undertaken in 145(94.8%) patients. All patients(153) were followed and the mean follow-up period was 21.4months. RESULT: Twenty nine cases of the postoperative complications developed in 25 patients (15.8%). There were 5 operative mortality cases(3.2%) and the main cause of death was acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Local or distant recurrences developed in 84 patients(54.9%). The 5-year survival of 153 patients was 29.6% and the median survival time was 18.0 months. The 5-year survival of non N2 disease group(36.8%) was better than that of N2 disease group(26.6%)(p=0.35) and the 5-year survival of squamous cell carcinoma (38.1%) was better than that of adenocarcinoma(25.7%)(p=0.39) however there were no significant differences. Regarding the postoperative adjuvant therapy, in combined therapy group(84 patients), radiotherapy group(37 patients) and chemotherapy group(24 patients), the 5-year survival were 31.3%, 32.4%, and 14.6% respectively. There was no difference of survival between radiotherapy and combined therapy group(p=0.31), however the survival of the combined therapy group was better than the chemotherapy group(p=0.005). The survival of the complete resection group(31.9%) was better than the incomplete resection group(16.6%) however there was no significant difference(p=0.19). CONCLUSION: These observations indicate that the good 5-year survival(29.6%) in patients with stage IIIA NSCLC result from the agressive surgical treatment including extensive mediastinal nodes dissection.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cause of Death ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Male ; Mortality ; Postoperative Complications ; Radiotherapy ; Recurrence ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma*

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD), or sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy, is a rare idiopathic histiocytosis that most commonly involves the cervical lymph nodes, Extranodal involvement occurs in 30- 40% of cases, most often in the head and neck. Characteristic histological findings include emperiopolesis (intracellular engulfment) of lymphocytes and S-100 protein positivity. Treatment of Rosai-Dorfman disease is unnecessary unless the disorder becomes life-threatening, since the disease will resolve spontaneously in most patients. We experienced a case of extranodal RDD at the nasal cavity as the initial lesion prior its nodal involvement. The patient was a 18-year-old woman who complained of nasal obstruction for 4 years and had a submandibular mass that persisted during the last 3 months. Histologically, all specimens taken from the left nasal cavity, the left submandibular mass and the left upper jugular lymph node showed heavy infiltration of plasma cells, lymphocytes and sheets of macrophages with abundant pale cytoplasm which replaced the existing organ architecture.
Adolescent ; Cytoplasm ; Female ; Head ; Histiocytosis ; Histiocytosis, Sinus* ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphocytes ; Macrophages ; Nasal Cavity* ; Nasal Obstruction ; Neck ; Plasma Cells ; S100 Proteins ; Salivary Glands*

Osteoma is defined as a benign neoplasm of bony tissue. Osteomas are divided into two groups: central and peripheral by origin, compact and cancellous by histopathologic findings. Solitary osteoma of jaw bone, not related with Gardner syndrom, is relatively uncommon. We present two cases of huge solitary peripheral osteomas: compact type exophyting osteoma on the inferolingual side of mandibular angle and cancellous type on the residual ridge of posterior maxilla, which is extremely rare.
Jaw ; Maxilla ; Osteoma*

PURPOSE: Abnormalities of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the brain occur in some patients with phenylketonuria(PKU). The purpose of this study was to evaluate relation between MR findings, age and serum phenylalanine level. METHODS: We investigated sixteen patients with biochemically documented PKU who also underwent MRI. Typical classic form was in thirteen patients, atypical in other two patients and malignant hyperphenylalaninemia in the other two patients. We evaluated signal intensity, the distribution of abnormal signal intensity, and the extent of the brain atrophy in MRI, and possible clinical correlation between age and serum phenylalanine level and abnormal signal intensity. RESULTS: MRI scans revealed areas of abnormally increased signal intensity on T2- weighted images in 10(62%) patients, preferably involving the parieto-occipital lobes. In one advanced case, the high signal intensity of both the parietal and frontal lobes was seen on T2-weighted images, and brain atrophy and gyriform enhancement on contrast enhanced T1-weighted images. In six(38%) patients, the findings were normal. No abnormalities were found in the basal ganglia, brain stem and cerebellum. Nine patients were under age of 5 years old. There were no remarkable difference in the average serum phenylalanine levels for the various groups having different degree of MRI abnormalities(normal, mild, moderate, and severe - 26,4 mg/dL, 27.6 mg/dL, 28.2 mg/dL, and 20.8 mg/dL, respectively). CONCLUSION: Although MR findings were not specific, PKU patients showed symmetrical high signal intensity, predominantly in the peritrigonal region. In the advanced case, on T2-weighted images, high signal intensity extended to the periventricular and subcortical white matter. There was no correlation between age, serum phenylalanine level and severity of high signal intensity.
Atrophy ; Basal Ganglia ; Brain Stem ; Brain* ; Cerebellum ; Child, Preschool ; Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Phenylalanine ; Phenylketonurias ; Rabeprazole

The object of this study was to evaluate how friction that occurs during the sliding movement of an orthodontic archwire through orthodontic brackets is differently affected by variant designs and ingredients of brackets and archwires and bracket-archwire angles. In order to simulate the situations which could occur during orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances, 4 types of brackets (Gemini(R), a stainless steel twin bracket; Mini Uni-Twin(R), a stainless steel bracket with a single bracket design and narrow mesio-distal width; Clarity(R), a metal-reinforced ceramic bracket; Transcend(R), a ceramic bracket) and 3 types of orthodontic archwires (0.016", 0.016 x 0.022" stainless steel, 0.016" Nitinol) were used and the bracket-archwire angles were controlled as 0 degrees, 3 degrees, 6 degrees, and 9 degrees, Gemini(R) significantly showed the lowest static and kinetic frictions (P < 0.001). Clarity showed the highest static and kinetic frictions with a bracket-archwire angle of 0 degrees, and Transcend at 6 degrees and 9 degrees (P < 0.001). An 0.016 x 0.022" stainless steel rectangular archwire significantly showed the highest static and kinetic frictions (P < 0.01). The lowest static and kinetic frictions were observed when the bracket-archwire angles were 0 degrees and 3 degrees with 0.016" stainless steel round archwires (P < 0.01), and 6 degrees and 9 degrees with 0.016 Nitinol (P < 0.001). The static and kinetic frictions were increased as the bracket-archwire angles were increased (P < 0.001).
Ceramics ; Friction* ; Humans ; Orthodontic Brackets* ; Stainless Steel

PURPOSE: To evaluate the functional results of total wrist arthrodesis with the Sauve-Kapandji procedure in the rheumatoid arthritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical results of twenty wrists of 17 patients who underwent total wrist arthrodesis with the Sauve-Kapandji procedure for the treatment of the rheumatoid arthritis during the period of February 1996 to May 2003 were analyzed. The patients who were observed for more than 12 months postoperatively were chosen as subjects and the mean follow-up period was 42 months (range, 13 to 100 months). At last follow-up, radiological and functional evaluation were done. For the functional evaluation, the standard patient review questions of Weiss et al. and the Buck-Gramcko/Lohmann score were used. RESULTS: The mean time to clinical fusion of the wrist was 6 weeks. The postoperative range of motion is pronation 68degrees, supination 71degrees. The standard patient review questions of Weiss et al. revealed that 17 cases 85%) were satisfied with the functional results of the procedure. 16 cases (80%) wished that the procedure had been done earlier. The standard patient review questions also showed that maximum improvement in function after the procedure required an average of 6 months (range, 1 to 30 months). On a scale of 1 to 10, the mean score of the subjective overall functional evaluation by the patients was 8.25 points range, 5-10 points). The mean Buck-Gramcko/Lohmann score for the objective functional evaluation was 8.7 points (range, 1-10 points) out of 10 points, corresponding to good result. CONCLUSION: For the treatment of the advanced rheumatoid arthritis of wrist involving radio-carpal, midcarpal, and distal radio-ulnar joint, total wrist arthrodesis with the Sauve-Kapandji procedure was a reliable treatment method. These procedures offer satisfactory subjective and objective functions with few complications.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid* ; Arthrodesis* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Joints ; Pronation ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Supination ; Wrist*

No abstract available.
Adult* ; Femur* ; Humans