Many people want to receive facial rejuvenation with surgical treatment, but the post operative result is not always satisfying following classic soft tissue surgery. The reasons for dissatisfaction are many. We were particularly interested in the skeletal disharmony which is frequent in orientals. Since many orientals have flat and quadrangular facial contours, they often don't obtain the harmony of the facial skeleton and soft tissue despite successful surgery. So, to correct facial contour, mandibular angle contouring can be performed at the time of face lift. Seven patients had mandibular angle resection performed during facial rhytidectomy from October of 1996 to October of 1998 at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, and they were followed from 4 months to 24 months. At the time of face lift, we tried the retromandibular approach for mandibular angle resection when it was indicated, instead of the intraoral approach which does not leave a noticeable scar and does not have the risk of facial nerve injury. Because of a restricted operative field, the intraoral approach has the disadvantages of a long operation time and a high risk of complications. The retromandibular approach with rhytidectomy incision showed neither noticeable scar nor developed a facial nerve injury. In conclusion, we found that mandibular angle contouring by retromandibular approach is easy and the result is more normal with a shorter recovery time. There were no complications and aesthetic results were quite satisfactory.
Cicatrix ; Facial Nerve Injuries ; Humans ; Rejuvenation ; Rhytidoplasty* ; Skeleton

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Ichthyosis, Lamellar*

No abstract available.
Burns* ; Hand* ; Humans ; Infant*

We report the results of the clinical and histologic and radiologic findings of the 17 patients who visited our hospital for the removal of the breast implants. Their mean ages were 45.9 and they visited our hospital 11.4 years after their operation of the breast implantation. In the 8 cases of the 17 patients, the contractures were seen and masses were palpated in the 4 cases. We also could find 1 case of the infection and 1 case of the abscess. There were the cases of the granuloma, siliconoma, calcification too. We find the radiologic examination before the removal of the implants in the 11 cases and could find the finding of rupture at the 9 cases (14 implants) but we confirmed that the number of the ruptured implants were 7 postoperatively. We reinserted new implants in the 12 cases and used saline filled textured implants. the number of the patients who want to remove the silicone gel implants is increasing with the reports of the doubt on the safety of the silicone gel. But there were on clear evidences of harmful effects of the silicone gel at now. We have to study more and need more experiences to used the more exact information to the patients.
Abscess ; Breast Implantation ; Breast Implants ; Breast* ; Contracture ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Rupture ; Silicone Gels*

In order to study the effects of iron and zinc on the lead poisoning of rats, lead with iron and zinc, or lead alone were administered orally to a total of 98 adult rats of Sprague-Dawley Species. The concentrations of lead, zinc, and iron were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer at every 20 days intervals of 20th, 40th, 60th, 80th and 120th day as a final measurement. Those datas were analysed and compared with those of control groups. The results were summarized as follow; 1. The concentration of lead in blood, bone, and liver tissues kept increasing in case of lead exposure group whereas it started decreasing at 60-80th day when concentration of zinc started increasing in case of combined exposure group. However, in kidney tissue, the concentration of lead in combined exposure group kept increasing up to the end of observation showing special high concentration at the final measurement at 120th day. 2. Concentration of zinc in blood and liver tissues had increased from 60-80th day in case of combined exposure group. 3. Concentration of iron in blood showed decreasing from 44.15+/-9.67 to 32.44+/-2.69 microgram/ml in case of lead exposure group, whereas it showed constant level of 47.50~45.65 microgram/ml. However, in liver tissue it kept constant as control did from 40th to 60th days, but from 100th day on it started increasing to show much higher concentration than control.
Absorption ; Adult ; Animals ; Humans ; Iron* ; Kidney ; Lead Poisoning ; Liver ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Zinc*

Although some reports have been published on the protective effect of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii surface membrane proteins, few address the inhibitory activity of antibodies to dense granular proteins (GRA proteins). Therefore, we performed a series of experiments to evaluate the inhibitory effects of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to GRA proteins (GRA2, 28 kDa; GRA6, 32 kDa) and surface membrane protein (SAG1, 30 kDa) on the invasion of T. gondii tachyzoites. Passive immunization of mice with one of three mAbs following challenge with a lethal dose of tachyzoites significantly increased survival compared with results for mice treated with control ascites. The survival times of mice challenged with tachyzoites pretreated with anti-GRA6 or anti-SAG1 mAb were significantly increased. Mice that received tachyzoites pretreated with both mAb and complement had longer survival times than those that received tachyzoites pretreated with mAb alone. Invasion of tachyzoites into fibroblasts and macrophages was significantly inhibited in the anti-GRA2, anti-GRA6 or anti-SAG1 mAb pretreated group. Pretreatment with mAb and complement inhibited invasion of tachyzoites in both fibroblasts and macrophages. These results suggest that specific antibodies to dense-granule molecules may be useful for controlling infection with T. gondii.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; *Antigens, Protozoan ; Female ; Fibroblasts/parasitology ; Host-Parasite Relations ; Immunization, Passive ; Macrophages/parasitology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Protozoan Proteins/*immunology ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Toxoplasma/*pathogenicity ; Toxoplasmosis/parasitology/*therapy

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the most common etiologic agent of pneumonia in school-aged children and young adults. It involves not only the respiratory system but includes extrapulmonary complications such as exanthem, hemolysis, arthritis, hepatic dysfuction, cardiac disease, and central nervous system disease. The pathogenesis of extrapulmonary involvements may be an autoimmune phenomena. Recent studies suggest that bronchial asthma can be initiated by Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. We experienced a five-year-old girl suffering simultaneously from Guillain-Barr syndrome and initial bronchial asthmatic attack after mycoplasma pneumonia. She was admitted with lower-leg pain and weakness for three days. Ten days before admission, she was coughing and showed on a chest X-ray, pneumonic infitrations of both subhilar peribronchial areas. The titers of anti-mycoplasma antibody and cold hemagglutinin were 1:80 and 1:32, respectively. With a progression of paralysis to the upper extremities, she showed dyspnea, dysphagia and right facial palsy on the second hospital day. We performed a tracheostomy and started artificial ventilation. Unexpectedly, she showed continuous dyspnea, poor lung aeration and revealed severe hypoxemia in serial arterial gas analysis. Intravenous theophylline, high-dose corticosteroid and intravenous immunoglobulin therapy resulted in a progressive improvement of lung condition. She recovered completely from neurologic and pulmonic complications after five weeks.
Anoxia ; Arthritis ; Asthma* ; Central Nervous System ; Child ; Cough ; Deglutition Disorders ; Dyspnea ; Exanthema ; Facial Paralysis ; Female ; Heart Diseases ; Hemagglutinins ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive ; Lung ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; Mycoplasma* ; Paralysis ; Pneumonia ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma* ; Respiratory System ; Theophylline ; Thorax ; Tracheostomy ; Upper Extremity ; Ventilation ; Young Adult

Paraffinoma induces many unexpected complications such as tissue necrosis, granuloma formation, hypersensitivity, embolism and even carcinoma. The treatment modality is known to be primary repair, flap surgery, skin graft, radiotherapy and high frequency current treatment after the excision of the lesion. Although these methods can remove the paraffinoma and resurface penile shaft, various complications such as skin tension after surgery, hypertrophic scars, difficulty of erection, and deficiency of bulkiness are frequently occurred. Groin flap is the proper method for the patients who want simultaneously soft tissue reconstruction and augmentation of penis. A 32 year-old male patient who visited our clinic had firm mass, abscess, skin necrosis, and dyspareunia after the injection of paraffin into penis 3 months ago. Reconstruction was executed using right side of the groin flap after the radical resection of the whole tissues ruined by infections and infiltration of paraffin. The penile bulkiness, erectile function and duration of erection was all satisfactory. The follow-up period was 7 months after the surgery and no specific complication was developed. Groin flap is the satisfactory method to enhance penile bulkiness as well as resurface the lesion.
Abscess ; Adult ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures ; Dyspareunia ; Embolism ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granuloma ; Groin* ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Male ; Necrosis ; Paraffin ; Penis ; Radiotherapy ; Skin ; Transplants

Capsaicin is the principal pungent component of Capsicum fruits. Biological effect of capsaicin is various and complicated. This study was undertaken to define the effect of topical application of capsaicin on flap survival in rat. Fourty Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups. With ten rats in each group, group A was only flap elevation group, as the control, group B was applied 0.025% capsaicin ointment for 7 days after skin flap elevation, group C was applied 0.075% capsaicin ointment for 7 days after skin flap elevation, group D was elevated two skin flap and one flap was control, the other flap was applied 0.075% capsaicin ointment for 7 days. Group A demonstrate 46.2+ 2.5% flap survival rate. Group B demonstrate 48.8+/-7.8% of flap survival rate, group C demonstrate 53.3+/-7.0% of flap survival rate. Control flap on group D demonstrate 43.5+/-3.5% of flap survival rate, 0.075% capsaicin applied flap demonstrate 52.9+/-7.2% of flap survival rate. Compared to the control group, increase in survival rate in group B was not statistically significant. The mean flap survival rate in group C was significantly increased than control group (p < 0.05). Compared to the control flap in group D, 0.075% capsaicin applied flap showed significantly higher flap survival rate. Based upon this data, local application of 0.075% capsaicin ointment demonstrate significantly increased value of survival area and survival rate on skin flap in rat (p < 0.05). And further studies may be needed for the evaluation of correct action mechanisms of capsaicin.
Animals ; Capsaicin* ; Capsicum ; Fruit ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin ; Survival Rate