Many people want to receive facial rejuvenation with surgical treatment, but the post operative result is not always satisfying following classic soft tissue surgery. The reasons for dissatisfaction are many. We were particularly interested in the skeletal disharmony which is frequent in orientals. Since many orientals have flat and quadrangular facial contours, they often don't obtain the harmony of the facial skeleton and soft tissue despite successful surgery. So, to correct facial contour, mandibular angle contouring can be performed at the time of face lift. Seven patients had mandibular angle resection performed during facial rhytidectomy from October of 1996 to October of 1998 at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, and they were followed from 4 months to 24 months. At the time of face lift, we tried the retromandibular approach for mandibular angle resection when it was indicated, instead of the intraoral approach which does not leave a noticeable scar and does not have the risk of facial nerve injury. Because of a restricted operative field, the intraoral approach has the disadvantages of a long operation time and a high risk of complications. The retromandibular approach with rhytidectomy incision showed neither noticeable scar nor developed a facial nerve injury. In conclusion, we found that mandibular angle contouring by retromandibular approach is easy and the result is more normal with a shorter recovery time. There were no complications and aesthetic results were quite satisfactory.
Cicatrix ; Facial Nerve Injuries ; Humans ; Rejuvenation ; Rhytidoplasty* ; Skeleton

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Burns* ; Hand* ; Humans ; Infant*

No abstract available.
Ichthyosis, Lamellar*

We report the results of the clinical and histologic and radiologic findings of the 17 patients who visited our hospital for the removal of the breast implants. Their mean ages were 45.9 and they visited our hospital 11.4 years after their operation of the breast implantation. In the 8 cases of the 17 patients, the contractures were seen and masses were palpated in the 4 cases. We also could find 1 case of the infection and 1 case of the abscess. There were the cases of the granuloma, siliconoma, calcification too. We find the radiologic examination before the removal of the implants in the 11 cases and could find the finding of rupture at the 9 cases (14 implants) but we confirmed that the number of the ruptured implants were 7 postoperatively. We reinserted new implants in the 12 cases and used saline filled textured implants. the number of the patients who want to remove the silicone gel implants is increasing with the reports of the doubt on the safety of the silicone gel. But there were on clear evidences of harmful effects of the silicone gel at now. We have to study more and need more experiences to used the more exact information to the patients.
Abscess ; Breast Implantation ; Breast Implants ; Breast* ; Contracture ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Rupture ; Silicone Gels*

In order to study the effects of iron and zinc on the lead poisoning of rats, lead with iron and zinc, or lead alone were administered orally to a total of 98 adult rats of Sprague-Dawley Species. The concentrations of lead, zinc, and iron were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer at every 20 days intervals of 20th, 40th, 60th, 80th and 120th day as a final measurement. Those datas were analysed and compared with those of control groups. The results were summarized as follow; 1. The concentration of lead in blood, bone, and liver tissues kept increasing in case of lead exposure group whereas it started decreasing at 60-80th day when concentration of zinc started increasing in case of combined exposure group. However, in kidney tissue, the concentration of lead in combined exposure group kept increasing up to the end of observation showing special high concentration at the final measurement at 120th day. 2. Concentration of zinc in blood and liver tissues had increased from 60-80th day in case of combined exposure group. 3. Concentration of iron in blood showed decreasing from 44.15+/-9.67 to 32.44+/-2.69 microgram/ml in case of lead exposure group, whereas it showed constant level of 47.50~45.65 microgram/ml. However, in liver tissue it kept constant as control did from 40th to 60th days, but from 100th day on it started increasing to show much higher concentration than control.
Absorption ; Adult ; Animals ; Humans ; Iron* ; Kidney ; Lead Poisoning ; Liver ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Zinc*

Although some reports have been published on the protective effect of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii surface membrane proteins, few address the inhibitory activity of antibodies to dense granular proteins (GRA proteins). Therefore, we performed a series of experiments to evaluate the inhibitory effects of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to GRA proteins (GRA2, 28 kDa; GRA6, 32 kDa) and surface membrane protein (SAG1, 30 kDa) on the invasion of T. gondii tachyzoites. Passive immunization of mice with one of three mAbs following challenge with a lethal dose of tachyzoites significantly increased survival compared with results for mice treated with control ascites. The survival times of mice challenged with tachyzoites pretreated with anti-GRA6 or anti-SAG1 mAb were significantly increased. Mice that received tachyzoites pretreated with both mAb and complement had longer survival times than those that received tachyzoites pretreated with mAb alone. Invasion of tachyzoites into fibroblasts and macrophages was significantly inhibited in the anti-GRA2, anti-GRA6 or anti-SAG1 mAb pretreated group. Pretreatment with mAb and complement inhibited invasion of tachyzoites in both fibroblasts and macrophages. These results suggest that specific antibodies to dense-granule molecules may be useful for controlling infection with T. gondii.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; *Antigens, Protozoan ; Female ; Fibroblasts/parasitology ; Host-Parasite Relations ; Immunization, Passive ; Macrophages/parasitology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Protozoan Proteins/*immunology ; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Toxoplasma/*pathogenicity ; Toxoplasmosis/parasitology/*therapy

Gastric Teratomas are exetremely rare in infancy and childhood. About 50 cases of gastric teratomas are reported in the world's literature. Most of them were male. Few were dignosed prior to surgery. The mos thelpful diagnostic aid was of teeth or bone in radiologic examinations. Treatment is surgical excision and all of them were benign. Recently, we experienced a case of gastric teratoma combined with congental syphilis which was confirmed by explo-lapa and biopsy in 2month old male infant, who had large intraabdominal mass, vomiting, respiratory distress and skin lesions. The literature on this subject was reviewed briefly.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Skin ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Congenital* ; Teratoma* ; Tooth ; Vomiting

From an aesthetic surgical point of view, rhinoplasty is one of most important field. The nose of asian is characterized by thin and weak nasal septal cartilage, wide and small alar cartilage, bulbous nasal tip due to excessive fibrous tissue and thick skin. Conventional rhinoplasty is not enough to get a satisfactory result. In order to produce optimal nasal shape, it is extremely important to augment the tip along with nasal dorsum in most of the patients. From March of 1997 to June of 1999, total 162 patient underwent open rhinoplasty with various nasal implants. Surgical approach was done through the transcolumella incision and alar rim incision. The nasal dorsum was augmented with silicone implant, and columella shape was controlled by 0.85-mm thickness porous high-density polyethylene sheet(Medpor). Porous high-density polyethylene sheet was 4mm width and was placed between the medial crura. The nasal tip was corrected by Polytetrafluoroethylene(Gore-Tex) implant. Reverse pyramidal shaped onlay graft of Polytetrafluoroethylene(Gore-Tex"") implant was not palpable on nasal tip skin. We obtained harmonious nasal shape and high patient satisfaction. There was two infection and one exposure of Polytetra- fluoroethylene(Gore-Tex) implant, but there was no other major complications. We believe that this method is stable, reliable, predictable, valuable technique for rhinoplasty, but we think that further follow up and study are needed.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Cartilage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Inlays ; Nose ; Patient Satisfaction ; Polyethylene ; Polytetrafluoroethylene ; Rhinoplasty* ; Silicones ; Skin ; Transplants

PURPOSE: To identify the risk factors for coronary sequelae in Kawasaki disease, we analyzed and compared the clinical features and laboratory findings of Kawasaki disease in patients younger than one year of age with those over one year of age. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all children with Kawasaki disease who were admitted to the Catholic University Taejon St. Mary's hospital between March 1992 and December 1997. RESULTS: Of 162 patients with Kawasaki disease, 36 patients(22.2%) were less than one year of age and four(11.1%) of them had coronary artery aneurysms. On the other hand, 126 patients (77.8%) were above 12 months and 15(11.9%) of them developed coronary artery aneurysms. The Kawasaki criteria signs were not significantly prominent(P<0.05) and maximal platelet count was higher in the infant group(P<0.05) but other clinical and laboratory findings were not different between the two groups. Comparative studies revealed that maximal platelet count was higher (P<0.05), and total duration of fever was significantly longer in the patients with coronary aneurysms(19 cases, P<0.001) than those without coronary aneurysms(143 cases). CONCLUSION: We cannot find any significant clinical and laboratory differences including coronary artery involvement in Kawasaki disease between less than one year of age and over one year. The age of onset seems not to be a predictor for the risk of coronary aneurysm. The principal signs of Kawasaki disease can be less prominent in infant. For this reason, early diagnosis utilizing laboratory findings are important, especially in the course of illness with prolonged fever.
Age of Onset ; Aneurysm ; Child ; Coronary Aneurysm ; Coronary Vessels ; Daejeon ; Early Diagnosis ; Fever ; Hand ; Humans ; Infant ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome* ; Platelet Count ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors