BACKGROUND: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common peripheral vestibular disorder that often resolves spontaneously. It was long believed that the condition was caused by inorganic particles in the cupula of the posterior semicircular canal. Management of this condition includes medication, surgery, physical exercise and more recently particle repositioning maneuvers. Among the various therapies, exercise therapy (ET) reported by Brandt-Daroff was based on the theory of cupulolithiasis and is designed to treat BPPV through dispersion of the debris from the cupula. METHODS: Fifty four patients with BPPV were treated with ET to determine the effectiveness. Fifteen additional patients with BPPV were treated with only medication and served as a control group. RESULT: Forty eight of 54 cases (88.9%) treated with ET showed improvement after 2 weeks. With medication alone, 8 of the 15 cases (53.4%) showed improvement after 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The most important benefit of this maneuver seemed to be more expedient recovery than that with medication alone.
Exercise ; Exercise Therapy* ; Humans ; Semicircular Canals ; Vertigo*

No abstract available.
Intestinal Obstruction* ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome*

No abstract available.
Ileum*

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to investigate effects of cadmium and zinc on IL-6 secretion using human monocyte in a culture system. METHODS: We have used frypan blue dye exclusion methods to examine the effect of cytotoxicity of CdCl2, ZnCl2 in THP-1 cells. IL-6 was measured by the ELIBA method in the cell culture supernatants and the expression of IL-6 mRNA was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: IL-6 production by THP-1 cells were decreased at 0.1 mM cadmium concentration(p < 0.05) and increased as zinc concentration increased. Zinc prevented cadmiuminduced suppression of IL-6. and the addition of a chelating agent, EDTA, restores IL-6 secretion. The expression of IL-6 mRNA decreased at 0.08 mM and 0.1 mM cadmium concentrations. CONCLUSION: This results suggests that cadmium depressed production and gene expression of IL-6 in stimulates human monocytes, and zinc prevented cadmium-induced suppression of IL-16.
Cadmium Chloride ; Cadmium* ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Line* ; Edetic Acid ; Gene Expression ; Humans* ; Interleukin-16 ; Interleukin-6* ; Monocytes ; RNA, Messenger ; Zinc*

No abstract available.
Glucose* ; Humans ; Mothers* ; Sodium* ; Water*

No abstract available.
Blood Flow Velocity* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

Urinary tract infections constitute a large clinical problems that particularly affect catheter indwelling patients, causing morbidity and mortality. To investigate 1) the rate of infection by duration of catheter indwelling in patients of several kinds of disease, 2) the kinds of colonized bacteria and the similarity or difference of the bacterial species cultured in the urine and catheter of same patient, and 3) the comparison of sensitivity to antibiotics of cultured bacteria of both material, bacterial culture and antibiotic sensitivity test were done from urine and proximal tip of catheters in 31 catheter indwelling patients who had been administered, sometimes intermittently, various antibiotics. The rate of bacterial infection increased markedly with the lengthening of catheter indwelling period in urine and catheter cultures, 22.2% and 33.3% at 1 week, both 50% at 2-3 weeks, 78.6% and 85.7% at 4 weeks respectively The results of bacterial culture from both material were same in 27 (87.1%) patients. The gram negative bacteria composed of 41 (89.1%) species in cultured bacteria. The three frequent species were 16 (34.8%) Escherichia coli, 9 (19.6%) Klebsiella pneumonia, and 6 (13.0%) Morganella morgagni. The overall sensitivity of urine cultured bacteria to tested antibiotics showed minor difference from that of catheter, susceptible in 70.4%, and 73.8%, resistant in 28. 6%, and 24.6%, respectively. Almost all of the patients indwelling catheter longer than 4 weeks had bacterial infection or colonization in urine and proximal catheter-tip in spite of preventive administration of antibiotics. The urine culture only may be enough instead of culturing both the urine and proximal catheter-tip in long-term catheterized patients. Routine antibacterial drug administration should be taken into consideration not to be overused in long-term catheter indwelling patients.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacteria ; Bacterial Infections ; Catheters* ; Catheters, Indwelling ; Colon ; Escherichia coli ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Humans ; Klebsiella ; Morganella ; Mortality ; Pneumonia ; Urinary Tract Infections

No abstract available.
Burns*

We have studied the overcorrection, undercorrection, astigmatic change and its incidence on time sequence after the excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy, and its relation with the degree of preoperative myopia, sex, and age. The study has been done with 429 eyes which we could assess for 6 months or more after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy of myopia from July 1993 to march 1997. Overcorrection of more than -1D was common during the early postoperative periods and then gradually decreased with time. Overcorrection has been seen in 261 eyes(60.84%) after 1 month, but only 33 eyes(13.47%) after 1 year, and 13 eyes(11.02%) after 2 years. Undercorrection has been seen in 2 eyes(0.47%) after 1 month, but 25 eyes(10.20%) after 1 year, and 20 eyes(16.95%) after 2 years. Surgically induced astigmatism increased to 0.54+/-0.84D after 10 days and then decreased 0.19+/-0.75D after 12 months. Also, surgical induced astigmatism developed 1.13+/-1.10D in 247 eyes (57.58%) after 1 month, but decreased 0.89+/-0.45D in 107 eyes(43.67%) after 12 months. The occurrence of overcorrection and undercorrection was related to the severity of preoperative myopia(p<0.05), but with sex and age, it had no statistical correlation(p>0.05). The amount of postoperative astigmatism was related to preoperative astigmatism(p<0.05), but it had no statistical correlation with the degree of preoperative myopia, age, sex, and development and increase of surgically induced astigmatism(p>0.05).
Astigmatism ; Incidence ; Lasers, Excimer* ; Myopia* ; Photorefractive Keratectomy* ; Postoperative Period

No abstract available.
Hemoptysis*