Burns is children result in the loss of precious life, or if the child survives, in much suffering from physical, emotional, social, and economic problems. These burn accidents to children happen in the bustle of family life and frequently without any warning. With this background information, this study was designed to identity types of burns in children and mother's attitudes towards, and knowledge of burn prevention, in order, to not only, in still a safety consciousness regarding the seriousness of burn accidents and the strengthening prevention, but also as basic data towards the development of an educational program aimed at prevention. From May 1 to May 25 in 1997, data were collected from the mothers of children attending five day care centers and kindergartens located in Seoul, which had been selected for the study. The tools used for the study, which were developed by the researchers, surveyed the type of burns suffered by children, mother's knowledge of burns and attitudes toward burn accidents. The data were analyzed through real numbers percentages and analysis was done using SPSS computer programs. The results of the study show that the most frequent type of burn accidents were those caused by hot water(55.4%) and these were frequently related to everyday habits that easily lead to danger. Further, the first aid treatment following a burn was weak. The majority of the mothers had not instructed their children on who to contact in the cape of a fire, first aid for burns, or how to take escape in the case of a fire. This left the children in a defenseless position in case of a fire. The mothers showed a lack knowledge, on what to do when a blaze is discovered, how to put out a fire, first aid for burns, escaping from a fire and appropriate water temperature, in that 50% of the time they answered incorrectly. From this study a prevention program, HIPP(Home Injury Prevention Program) could be developed that includes fire prevention habits and first aid for burns. This program can be used with kindergarten and elementary school children for group education fire prevention and can be used as a foundation for construction of a system of facilities and equipment to prevent fires and also prevent injury from fires.
Burns* ; Child* ; Consciousness ; Day Care, Medical ; Education ; Fires ; First Aid ; Humans ; Mothers ; Seoul ; United Nations ; Water ; Child Health

No Abstract Available.
Trabeculectomy*

No abstract available.
Anemia, Iron-Deficiency* ; Iron*

PURPOSE: To report the results of acetabular revisions performed with the cementless, hemi-spherical porous coated component supported by viable host bone and minimal allobone graft for acetabular deficiencies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was completed for 22-revision acetabular components, using the cementless hemispherical porous coated prosthesis and minimal femoral head allograft. There was an average follow up of 48 months, with a range of 24 to 84 months. Radiographic measurements were performed in several aspects; cup-allograft contact, inclination, vertical and horizontal migration of acetabular cup, and acetabular zone by modified zone of DeLee and Charnley, in which location, size and progression or non-progression of radiolucent zone were recorded. The acetabular deficiencies were classified by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Committee and were type I in 2 hips (9%), type II in 12 hips (55%), and type III in 8 hips (36%). Twenty acetabular cup cases of Harris-Galante II were used in this study, 1 case of Harris- Galante I, and 1 case of Duraloc. The average size of the cup was 57(44-66) mm. RESULTS: The average cup-allograft contact was 72.5% in 19 cases and we could not differentiate the margin between the host bone and the allograft in 3 cases. There was no significant vertical or horizontal migration of acetabular cup. Radiolucent zones in follow-up radiographs were 8 cases in zone IA, 4 cases in zone IB, 4 cases in zone IIB, 9 cases in zone IIC, 8 cases in zone IIIA, and 7 cases in zone IIIB. One case showed 2 mm radiolucent area in zone IIC and another case showed 3 mm radiolucent area in zone IIB, but the radiolucencies were not progressive. The remaining cases showed less than 0.5 mm radiolucent area or no radiolucent zone. The average period of bony incorporation was 13.1 months. CONCLUSIONS: We suppose that acetabular revision with the cementless hemispherical porous coated cup supported by viable host bone and minimal bone graft produces good results.
Acetabulum* ; Allografts ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Hip ; Prostheses and Implants* ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplants

The use of CT is most reliable in diagnosis and management of brain abscess. Authors analized 17 cases of pathologically and clinically proven brain abscess during the period of 39 months from Jan. 1978 to Mar, 1982 at National Medical Center. The results were as follows; 1. The sex ration 9 males to 8 females, and no sexdifference was seen, and the greatest number of cases were seen below the age of 30(65%). 2. The otogenicinfection was the most frequent predisposing factors(8 cases). Other predisposing factors were postoperative infection (2 cases), pulmonary infection (2 cases), and congenital heart disease(2 cases). The most common site ofinvolvement was posterior fossa(5 cases). Next was temporal lobe (4 cases), and temporoparietal lobe (3 cases). 3.Most common presenting symptoms were headache, fever, focal neurological signs, and dizziness. 4. Among the 22 brain abscesses of 17 patients, the msot frequent CT finding in precontrast scan was a low density surrounded by afaint dense or dense ring (11 cases). Next was purely low density (6 cases). Associated hydrocephalus was found in4 cases, and multiple or multiloculated abscess was seen in 4 cases. 5. In post contrast scan, brain abscessusually show complete, oval or round shaped, thin, evening righ enhancement with mild or moderate surroundingedema, but there was no specific enhancement.
Abscess ; Brain Abscess ; Brain ; Causality ; Diagnosis ; Dizziness ; Female ; Fever ; Headache ; Heart ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Male ; Temporal Lobe

No abstract available.
Captopril* ; Hypertension, Renovascular* ; Radionuclide Imaging*

BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggest that noxious surgical trauma may induce prolonged changes in central neural function that later contribute postoperative pain. So, postoperative pain may be eliminated or reduced if surgical afferent barrages are prevented with local anesthetics or opioid before they reach to the CNS. We studied the preemptive analgesic effect of continuous epidural analgesia under general anesthesia after radical gastrectomy. METHODS: Forty four patients scheduled for radical gastrectomy were investigated. After general anesthesia induction, patients of preemptive group (n=25) were given 40 ml of 0.125% bupivacaine, 0.1 mg/kg of morphine and 75 microgram of clonidine epidurally as a bolus and followed by 10 ml/hour of 0.125% bupivacaine and 0.2 mg/hour of morphine continuously for 10 hours. Patients of non-preemptive group (n=19) were given the same drugs according to the same way after finishing the operations. The effect of preemptive analgesia was assessed by visual analogue pain scale (VAPS) score, and evaluated the time to first analgesic request, and total amount of used analgesics. Side effects were recorded. RESULTS: Postoperative VAPS scores were not different between two groups. Time to first analgesic request were significantly more prolonged and total amount of used analgesics were significantly less in preemptive group than in non-preemptive group. The incidence of side effects except respiratory depression were similar between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: We concluded that despite preemptive analgesic effect was seen in preemptive group, but it was not prominent. Further studies are needed to prove more prominent preemptive effect in major abdominal operation.
Analgesia ; Analgesia, Epidural* ; Analgesics ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics, Local ; Bupivacaine ; Clonidine ; Gastrectomy* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Morphine ; Pain Measurement ; Pain, Postoperative* ; Respiratory Insufficiency

No abstract available.
Blood Flow Velocity* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia is a rare heart muscle disorder of unknown cause that primarily involves the right ventricle. It is characterized pathologically by fibrofatty replacement of the right ventricular myocardium. Clinical manifestations include structural and functional abnormalities of the right ventricle, electrocardiographic depolarization/repolarization changes, and presentation with sudden death or ventricular arrhythmias of right ventricular origin. It is one of the important causes of the ventricular arrhythmia or sudden death among apparently healthy young people. We report a case of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia with the review of the literature.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia* ; Death, Sudden ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Ventricles ; Myocardium

No abstract available.
Catheterization* ; Catheters* ; Edema* ; Subclavian Vein* ; Upper Extremity*