No abstract available.
Voice*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of high dose carbon tetrachloride (CCI4) on the hepatotoxic effect of dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) which induces acute hemorrhagic necrosis in liver. Rats were injected intraperitoneally DMN dissolved in physiologic saline by a dose of 40 mg/kg. For changes related to CCI⁴ pretreatment, rats were injected intraperitoneally CCI⁴ dissolved in olive oil by a dose of 0.4 mg/kg, and then injected DMN. The livers were extracted from the rats 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 120 hours after CCI⁴ and/ or DMN injection. Liver tissues were examined with light and electron microscopes. The results were summarized as follows; Light microscopic findings: Severe centrilobular hemorrhagic necrosis developed from 12 hours after injection of DMN and continued to 120 hours. On injection of DMN after CCI4 pretreatment, Massive necrosis occurred early. But active regenerative changes were produced in 24 hours. In 120 hours, the liver recovered in almost normal appearance. The degree of necrosis in pretreated group was similar to that in DMN injection only, and the time of recovery was faster in pretreated group. Electron microscopic findings: The early change was mainly disorganization of RER in DMN injection, and clumping and vesicular dilatation of ER in injection of CCI4. In pretreatment group, the early change was similar in appearance with CCI4 group, but severer in degree. According to the results, it was revealed that acute toxic effect of DMN was recovered more rapidly in pretreatment group. Thus it was suggested that CCI4 had protective effect in DMN hepatotoxicity.
Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride* ; Carbon* ; Dilatation ; Dimethylnitrosamine ; Hepatocytes* ; Liver ; Necrosis ; Olive Oil ; Rats

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy* ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor* ; Granulocytes* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Microsurgery*

PURPOSE: Although the 'No-touch' isolation technique was introduced by Turnbull et al. in 1967, the controversy over whether or not it reduces the risk of metastasis during surgery exists even today. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the 'No-touch' isolation technique in primary colorectal cancer surgery. METHODS: The evaluation was done by comparing the levels of CEA and CEA m-RNA expression from the same draining vein before and after tumor mobilization. Blood samples from 25 patients with primary colorectal cancer were collected for analysis. At the time of surgery, the main draining vein from the tumor was isolated and ligated at the proximal end. The 1st blood samples were collected just prior to tumor mobilization, and the 2nd samples right after. Both samples were analyzed for serum CEA level and CEA mRNA expression by using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: The mean CEA value from draining veins after tumor mobilization (8.08+/-8.98 ng/ml) was significantly higher than it was before mobilization (4.17+/-4.98 ng/ml). CEA mRNA was detected in 16% (4/25) of the blood specimens post-mobilization, whereas it was detected in only 4% (1/25) of the pre-mobilization samples. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest the validity of using the 'No-touch' isolation technique to reduce the risk of metastasis into the draining vein during mobilization.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger ; Veins

PURPOSE:Tumor cells can be shed into a venous blood stream by manipulation of tumor during surgery, resulting metastasis to distant organs from the primary tumor. In order to elucidate the effect of early lymphovascular dissection prior to tumor mobilization, we studied the difference in carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) values of tumor draining veins before and after tumor mobilization. METHODS:Blood samples were taken from the tumor draining veins of sixteen patients during operations. The lymphovascular dissection was performed before the tumor mobilization, and the main draining vein from the tumor was isolated and the proximal end was ligated and blood samples were taken, then the tumor mobilization was made. Just before the removal of the tumor, we took the second sets of blood samples from the same sites. RESULTS:There were no significant differences in CEA values between peripheral blood (1.8+/-1.2 ng/mL) and tumor draining veins before the tumor mobilization. The mean CEA value of draining veins after the tumor mobilization (14.3+/-11.9 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that of draining veins before the mobilization (2.2+/-2.1 ng/mL)(P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS:Theses results suggest that early lymphovascular dissection procedures before tumor mobilization can reduce the opportunity of tumor cell dissemination into draining vein.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen* ; Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Rivers ; Veins

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

Lovastatin is a potent inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A to mevalonate, anearly and rate-limiting step in the synthesis of cholesterol. We studied the therapeutic effect and safety of lovastatin in 18 patients with nonfamilial primary hypercholesterolemia. Patients received 20mg/day lovastatin therapy as a single evening dose. If the total cholesterol level exceeded 200mg/dl after 2weeks of lovastatin therapy, the dosage of lovastatin was doubled. Mean percent total cholesterol level reductions from baseline were 26.4% and 31.9% after 4, and 8 weeks of lovastatin therapy respectively. Mean percent HDL-cholesterol level increase from baseline were 12% and 13% after 4, and 8 weeks of lovastatin therapy respectively. Adverse effects attributable to lovastatin were mild and temporary and no patient was withdrawn from therapy. We concluded that lovastatin was a well tolerated and effective agent for the treatment of nonfamilial primary hypercholesterolemia. Further studies are needed to establish the long-term safety and effectiveness of this drug.
Cholesterol ; Coenzyme A ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia* ; Lovastatin ; Mevalonic Acid ; Oxidoreductases

No abstract available.
Adenosine* ; Dipyridamole* ; Dobutamine* ; Exercise Test*