No abstract available.
Personality Disorders*

No abstract available.
Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

Gated myocardial SPECT and attenuation correction gave birth to new insights into the pathophysiology of ischemic myocardial perfusion and function in clinical routine practice. Gated myocardial Tc-99m-compound SPECT improved diagnostic accuracy of coronary artery disease and enabled us to observe motion and thickening of myocardial walls as well as myocardial perfusion at the same time. Quantitative and qualitative assessement of myocardial performance and perfusion let us to understand the myocardial physiology in ischemia and infarction. In every patient who underwent gated perfusion SPECT, we will find ejection fraction, left ventricular volumes and regional wall motion. There are hopes to use gated T1-201 SPECT for the same purpose and to use gated SPECT for evaluation of wall motion and thickening at stress or immediate post-stress. Attenuation correction could improve diagnostic accuracy mainly by increasing normalcy ratio or performance of non-expert physicians. Both gated methods and attenuation correction improved specificity of non-expert physicians in diagnosing patients with moderate pretest likelihood. New imaging techniques will fill the desire of cardiologists examine function and perfusion, and possibly metabolism in their clinical routine practice.
Coronary Artery Disease ; Hope ; Humans ; Infarction ; Ischemia ; Linear Energy Transfer ; Metabolism ; Parturition ; Perfusion* ; Physiology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

Re-188 is suitable for endovascular liquid-balloon brachytherapy for the prevention of restenosis after angioplasty. Re-188 was concentrated to 3700 MBq/ml and labeled with DTPA. According to dosimetric calculation, it took 420 seconds using Re-188 solution with concentration of 3700 MBq/ml to irradiate 17.6 Gy to the target at 1 mm from the balloon surface. Software was made to estimate the irradiation time. MIRD calculation with dynamic bladder model yielded the whole body dose of Re-188-DTPA as 0.005mGy/MBq in case of balloon rupture and release of the whole amount into the blood.
Angioplasty ; Brachytherapy ; Pentetic Acid ; Rupture ; Urinary Bladder

This study was conducted to identify the factors related to the blood pressure in school children. The study subjects were 144 boys and 140 girls aged 10 years old, 4th grade student of one elementary school in Taegu City. Blood pressure and 18 variables for 284 school children were measured in May 1992. A weight-for-height index, Rohrer index(weightlheighe) was calculated for each individual as a measure of obesity. Body fat percent, fat weight, and lean body mass were measured by impedance fat meter(Model SIF-891). Serum total cholesterol, higli-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, uric acid, total protein, and electrolyte were measured by automated clinical chemistry analyzer(Hitachi 4020). Low-density lipoprotein and atherogenic index were calculated by the equation. The variables assessed were sex, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, Rohrer index, body fat percent, body fat weight, lean body mass, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, uric acid, total protein, serum electrolyte and blood glucose. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures for boys were 104.1mmHg and 66.6mmHg and those for girls were 102.9mmHg and 67.5mmHg. Systolic blood pressure of boys was positively correlated with height, weight, Rohrer index, fat weight, lean body mass, and triglyceride. Systolic blood pressure of girls was positively correlated with height, weight, lean body mass, and uric acid. Diastolic blood pressure of boys was positively correlated with weight, Rohrer index, and lean body mass. Diastolic blood pressure of girls was positively correlated with height, weight, fat weight, and lean body mass and negatively with total serum protein. In multiple regression analysis for the systolic blood pressure, the significant independent variables were Rohrer index and serum sodium in boys, and serum uric acid, fat percent, and Rohrer index in girls. In multiple regression analysis of the diastolic blood pressure, the significant independent variables were Rohrer index in boys and total serum protein in girls. This study indicated that important factors influencing blood pressure in school children were Rohrer index, fat percent, serum sodium, uric acid, and total protein. Rohrer index was most important among these. It is recommended to enforce the nutritional education for diet control of obesity to prevent hypertention in children and to adopt healthy life-styles that promote good health and prevent development of cardiovascular risk factors.
Adipose Tissue ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure* ; Chemistry, Clinical ; Child* ; Cholesterol ; Daegu ; Diet ; Education ; Electric Impedance ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoproteins ; Obesity ; Risk Factors* ; Sodium ; Triglycerides ; Uric Acid

The status of left ventricular (LV) intrinsic contractile function in pure rheumatic mitral stenosis is an unsettled issue. Although the overall LV ejection performance is reduced in a number of patients with MS, it is the product of the interaction of four variables; intrinsic myocardial contractile state, end-diastolic myocardial length(preload), afterload and LV myocardial mass. Although LV intrinsic contractility in MS has been found to be normal in previous studies, we found it to be decreased on the basis of newer techniques for assessing cardiac mechanics. Reliable load-independent indexes of intrinsic contractility using M-mode echocardiography are end-systolic pressure or end-systolic meridian wall stress to end-systolic volume or dimension ratio and fractional fiber shortening to end-systolic stress relations. We assessed LV intrinsic myocardial contractile state as measured by the aforementioned methods in patients with pure rheumatic MS. The results were as follows; 1) The clinical characteristics are no statistical significance of differences between the 2 groups. 2) Preload (LV end-diastolic volume index) was increased in patients with MS(77+/-23 VS 67+/-21 ml/m2, p<0.05). Fractional fiber shortening and LV ejection fraction were significantly lower in patients with MS(31+/-7 VS 40+/-7%, 66+/-9 VS 77+/-8%, p<0.001). 3) End-systolic stress was significantly elevated in the patient population compared with the control subjects (70.1+/-18 VS 50.5+/-10 dynes-cm2x103, p<0.001) The increased in end-systolic stress in the presence of reduced systolic blood pressure(106+/-8 VS 116+/-7mmHg, p<0.001) was due to a higher end-systolic volume index(26+/-12 VS 15+/-6ml/m2 p<0.005) and reduced systolic wall thickening (1.13+/-0.2 VS 1.54+/-0.2cm, p<0.001). 4) The end-systolic stress to volume index ratio and systolic pressure to end-systoli volume ratio were significantly lower in patients with MS(p<0.001). Relation between LV end-systolic wall stress and fractional shortening in patients with MS superimposed on 95% confidence limits of values in 105 normal control subjects derived from a previous study(r=-0.58, p<0.005). Thirty-six(75%) patients were below the 95% confidence limits of normal values.
Blood Pressure ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Mechanics ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Reference Values

Isovaleric acidemia is an inborn error in metabolism due to a defect in isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase. Accumulation of serum isovaleric acid causes poor feeding, vomiting, lethargy, hypothermia, convulsion, mental retardation, etc. It is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Since the first reports of isovaleric acidemia by Tanaka et al in 1966, more than 60 cases have been reported. There are two clinically different presentations of isovaleric acidemia, with about half the patients presenting with an acute severe neonatal form and about half with a chronic intermittent forrn. The difference in clinical presentation may not be a consequence of differing severities of the causative mutation, but a result of the timing of application of catabolic stress or the ability to form isovalerylglycine. We described here clinical and organic acid analytical findings of brothers with chronic intermittent form of isovaleric acidemia. (J Korean Pediatr Soc 2000;43:828-831)
Humans ; Hypothermia ; Intellectual Disability ; Isovaleryl-CoA Dehydrogenase ; Lethargy ; Metabolism ; Seizures ; Siblings* ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Appendicitis* ; Child* ; Humans

Poliovirus Sabin 1 strain has its own special features that make it a particularly attractive live recombinant mucosal vaccine vehicle. Sabin 1 cDNA was manipulated to have multiple cloning site and viral specific 3C-protease cutting site at the N-terminal end of the polyprotein, named RPS-vax system HIV-1 V3- and principal neutralizing domain (PND)-concatamers were successfully cloned into the multiple cloning site of the vector system and produced expected chimeric viruses by transfection of their RNA transcripts into HeLa cells. These chimeric viruses have shown to express introduced HIV-1 subgenome concatamers efficiently during their replication in the infected HeLa cells. Expressed proteins were confirmed to retain the wild type structures at least in parts. Replication capacity of the chimeric viruses was slightly lower than that of wild type Sabin 1 likely to be due to delay in processing steps during their replication. Differing from the virulent Mahoney vectors, the rec-Sabin 1 chimeric viruses maintained the foreign gene stably during the serial passages. These chimeric viruses have also shown to be able to induce specific humoral immunity to the introduced vaccine proteins when inoculated into the poliovirus receptor-expressing transgenic (Tg-PVR) mice. Antiserum obtained from the immunized transgenic mice showed to have neutralizing capacity to HIV-1 in vitro. These results strongly suggest that the chimeric viruses expressing HIV-1 vaccine epitopes can be used as a good live mucosal vaccine candidate against AIDS.
Animals ; Clone Cells ; Cloning, Organism ; DNA, Complementary ; Epitopes ; HeLa Cells ; HIV* ; HIV-1* ; Humans* ; Immunity, Humoral ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Poliovirus* ; RNA ; Serial Passage ; Transfection

In 1988, the International Federatioa of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO) Cancer Committee changed the staging of endometrial carcinoma from a clinical one to a surgicopathologic one. The emphasis in the new FIGO system was changed to the pathologic findings in the uterus, cervix, adnexae, and pelvic and/or periaortic nodes, and peritoneal cytologic findings. The major changes in this staging system were the use of the depth of myometrial invasion and the identification of tumor cells in peritoneal cytologic examination and of invasion in the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, Preoperative endocervical curettage was no longer necessary. This is a reflection of the increase in the primary surgical approach to the treatment of this disease and has allowed the identification of a number of prognostic factors on which postoperative therapy can be based. This retrospective study was based on a clinical review of 45 patients with endometrial carcinoma from Jan, 1985 through Jan, 1996 who underwent primary surgical evaluation at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kyungpook National University Medical College. The results obtained are as follows; l. Age distribution of endometrial cancer was concentrated on the age group of 50-59(55.6%) and mean age was 53.9 years. 2. The mean parity and mean BMI(Body Mass Index) of endometrial cancer were 3.8 and 25.0(cm/kg2). 3. The Menstrual status at the time of development of endometrial cancer showed that 24 cases (53.3%) were postmenopausal, 11 cases (24.4%) were premenopausal and 10 cases(22.2%) were menstruating. 4. According to the clinical stage adopted by FIGO classification, stage I was found in 71.1%, stage II in 17.8%, stage III in 2,2%, stage IV in 0.0%. 5. Surgical restaging according to new FIGO classification(1988), stage IA was found in 4.4%, stage IB in 37.8%, stage IC in 28.9%, stage IIA in 0.0%, stage IIB in 0.0%, stage IIIA in 6.7%, stage IIIB in 4.4%, stage IIIC in 8.9%, stage IVA in 2.2% and IVB in 6.7%. 6. According to WHO histopathological classification, the percentage of the adenocarcinoma was 86.7%, adenoacanthoma 4.4%, papillary serous adenocarcinoma 2.2%, and adenosquamous cell carcinoma 6.7%. 7, The relationship between histologic grade and depth of invasion was somewhat correlated but no staistical significance. 8. There was no correlation between BMI(Body Mass Index) and histologic grade, depth of invasion. 9. Surgery upstaged 15.6% of clinical stage I patients and 62,5% of clinical stage II, but 37.5% of clinical stage II patients was downstaged. 10. All cases were primarily treated by surgery. Regarding the types of operation, total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoophorectomy was performed in 44.4%, radical hysterectomy with both pelvic lymphadnectomy in 42.2%, total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingoophorectomy with selective pelvic lymph node dissection in 8.9%, and laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy in 2.2%. 11. The mean follow up interval was 38.6 months. 28 cases were followed up and 10 cases of surgical stage I revealed over 5 year salvage. 5-year survivals for surgical stage IA, IB, IC, III, and IV were 100, 100, 92.3, 88.9, and 100%, respectively.
Adenocarcinoma ; Age Distribution ; Cervix Uteri ; Classification ; Curettage ; Endometrial Neoplasms* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Staging ; Obstetrics ; Parity ; Retrospective Studies ; Uterus