BACKGROUND: Lidocaine administered intravenously (IV lidocaine) is efficacious in the treatment of thic pain. There are many differences in doses and methods of IV lidocaine therapy. We have made a ous clinical report of IV lidocaine infusion for chronic pain patients. The aims of this study were to evaluate the plasma concentration of lidocaine, and the analgesic effect and safety of our method of IV idocaine infusion. METHODS: Sixteen neuropathic pain patients received IV lidocaine infusion. Lidocaine of 5 mg/kg ixed in 150 ml of normal saline was infused over 40 min at a rate with 300 ml/h for the initial 10 min, and the remaining at 200 ml/h. Blood sampling, for the analysis of plasma lidocaine concentration, pain score by numerical rating scale, blood pressure and heart rate were obtained before the infusion and at 20, 40, 60, 90 and 120 min following the start of infusion. RESULTS: Thirteen patients (81.3%) had analgesic effects in IV lidocaine infusion. Mean plasma caine concentrations were 0, 2.0, 2.7, 2.2, 1.5, 1.1 ug/ml, and mean pain scores were 7.6, 5.6, 3.7, 3.1, 3.0, and 3.1 before the infusion and at 20, 40, 60, 90 and 120 min following the start of infusion. Plasma aine over 2 microgram/ml revealed an analgesic effect, and pain scores precipitously dropped around 40 min following the start of infusion. There were no significant changes of blood pressure and heart rate. Side effects were mild in terms of sedation, dizziness, light-headedness, nausea and metallic taste. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that our method of IV lidocaine infusion -within therapeutic nge of lidocaine not to allow toxic plasma concentration, and with any effective analgesia, little modynamic change and minimal side effects- is a useful and a safe diagnostic and therapeutic modality for hronic neuropathic pain.
Analgesia ; Blood Pressure ; Chronic Pain ; Dizziness ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Lidocaine* ; Nausea ; Neuralgia ; Plasma* ; Taste Disorders

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors related to prehypertension in Korean adults. METHODS: The data were obtained from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005. The ubjects of this study were 3,981 adults aged over 20 years of age. Demographic characteristics, alcohol drinking, smoking, physical activity, stress, BMI, serum lipid profiles and blood pressure were analyzed in this study. RESULTS: Prevalence of prehypertension was 38.9% in this study. As the result of multiple logistic regression, the risk of prehypertension in male, elderly and low income persons was increased. And the risk of prehypertension was increased in the case of problem drinking, alcohol abuse, formal smoker, overweight, obesity and hyperlipidemia in triglyceride. CONCLUSION: To decrease prehypertension prevalence, it is necessary to detect and manage the influencing risk factors of prehypertension such as alcohol drinking, smoking, obesity, physical activity, stress and serum lipid profiles.
Adult ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Pressure ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; Hypertension ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Motor Activity ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity ; Overweight ; Prehypertension ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon does not occur with common hemangioma, rather it is associated with the more aggressive Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and rarely with other vascular neoplasm. We report the case of an adult who was diagnosed as Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma complicated by Kasabach-Memtt phenomenon. This is the first report in Korea of an adult with Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon who has osteolytic changes of femur, pelvic bone, and lumbar spine.
Adult* ; Femur ; Hemangioendothelioma* ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome ; Korea ; Pelvic Bones ; Spine ; Vascular Neoplasms

No abstract available.

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a rare type of chronic inflammation of the gallbladder characterized by focal or diffuse destructive inflammatory responses. Although it is a benign condition, its destructive course may lead to more aggressive outcomes of the gallbladder, such as local infiltration, fistula, stricture, and perforation as compared with other gallbladder inflammations. There are reports about XGC accompanied by cholecystoenteric fistula. However, XGC accompanied by more than one cholecystoenteric fistula is rare. We report a case of a 54-year-old man with gastric outlet obstruction arising from XGC, accompanied by cholecystoduodenal fisula and cholecystocolonic fistula, but without impacted gallstones.
Cholecystitis* ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Fistula* ; Gallbladder ; Gallstones ; Gastric Outlet Obstruction* ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Intestinal Fistula ; Middle Aged

Inferior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula is rare and may be congenital or acquired. Affected patients present with abdominal pain, mass, or manifestations of portal hypertension and bowel ischemia. Until now, inferior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula due to trauma has not been reported. Herein, we report a case of a 53-year-old woman who had inferior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula considered to have originated from remote blunt trauma that was successfully treated by surgical resection of only the arteriovenous fistula without colectomy. To our knowledge, this is the first case of traumatic inferior mesenteric arteriovenous fistula.
Arteriovenous Fistula/*diagnosis/pathology/surgery ; Colonoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Mesenteric Artery, Inferior/radiography ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

Adrenal myelolipomas are rare, benign tumors cornposed of mature fat and bone marrow elements. Most are small, asymptomatic tumors found incidentally at postmortem examination, Fine needle aspiration biopsy can be used to confirm the diagnosis and avoid an unnecessary operation. We report a case of adrenal myelolipoma confirmed by fine needle aspiration biopsy. A 77-year-old woman with complaining of upper abdominal pain for 2 days was found to have an adrenal mass. She took dexamethasone frequently for 3 years due to multiple arthralgia. Ultrasono-graphy showed a 6cm-sized, suprarenal mass and a stone in the gall bladder with thickened wall. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scan also presented a suprarenal mass. Endocrinologic results were within normal limits. Adrenal myelolipoma was confirmed by computed tomography-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy without surgery.
Abdominal Pain ; Aged ; Arthralgia ; Autopsy ; Biopsy ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Biopsy, Needle* ; Bone Marrow ; Dexamethasone ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Myelolipoma* ; Urinary Bladder

Fimasartan is a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor blocker. In a previous study that compared the pharmacokinetics (PK) of fimasartan between patients with hepatic impairment (cirrhosis) and healthy subjects, the exposure to fimasartan was found to be higher in patients, but the decrease of blood pressure (BP) was not clinically significant in those with moderate hepatic impairment. The aims of this study were to develop a population PK-pharmacodynamic (PD) model of fimasartan and to evaluate the effect of hepatic function on BP reduction by fimasartan using previously published data. A 2-compartment linear model with mixed zero-order absorption followed by first-order absorption with a lag time adequately described fimasartan PK, and the effect of fimasartan on BP changes was well explained by the inhibitory sigmoid function in the turnover PK-PD model overlaid with a model of circadian rhythm (NONMEM version 7.2). According to our PD model, the lower BP responses in hepatic impairment were the result of the increased fimasartan EC₅₀ in patients, rather than from a saturation of effect. This is congruent with the reported pathophysiological change of increased plasma ACE and renin activity in hepatic cirrhosis.
Absorption ; Blood Pressure ; Circadian Rhythm ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Liver Cirrhosis* ; Liver* ; Pharmacokinetics ; Plasma ; Receptors, Angiotensin ; Renin

The incidence of pulmonary leiomyosarcoma as primary lung tumor is very rare. Most of the primary leiomyosarcomas originate in the hilar region in relation to the main bronchus or pulmonary vessels and only a few originate more peripherally. This rare tumor can mimic bronchial carcinoma and present with local or systemic symptoms, or it may be discovered as an incidental finding on a routine chest X-ray. We report with review of literature, a case of incidental primary pulmonary leiomyosarcoma which originated peripherally. Huge mass was found on the left lung of a 61-year-old man on the chest X-ray peripherally. He underwent the surgical resection of the left pneumonectomy and the postoperative course was uneventful.
Bronchi ; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic ; Humans ; Incidence ; Incidental Findings ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; Thorax