This study was intended to enhance the level of hospital personnel management through analysing job satisfaction of hospital employees in terms of structural, personal and environmental variables. The sample of this study consist of a total of 790 persons including doctors, residents, interns, pharmacists, nurses, medical engineers, office workers and manual workers who have worked for general hospitals with 200 beds, 300 beds and 800 beds respectively. The Likert's 5 scales were used for the measurement of satisfaction. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. Structural variables. The level of satisfaction on the job itself was generally low 2.8 in Likert`s 5 scales, with the order of role ambiguity(3.87), routinization(2.6), work overload (2.45) and autonomy(2 37). Hospital employees are aware of their responsibility and they regarded their work as heavy one. The compensatory satisfaction degree was 2.5 which was also low: There were in the order stability(3.l), distributive justice(2.57), pay(2.3) and promotion(l.9). Usually hospital employees showed high degree of stability, while, their satisfaction on promotion possibility is quite low due to specially differentiated structures of hospitals. The degree of satisfaction on the internal conditions of organizational culture was relatively higher as 2.92: They were co-worker's support(3.69), supervisory support(3.15), role conflict(2.64) and welfare(2.17) in order. The satisfaction on welfare as an economic condition was the lowest. 2. Personal Variables. The level of satisfaction on personal variables was 3.27 which seemed to be quite high: contribution to the hospital(3.38), attitude on job performance(3.28) and pride as a member of the, hospital(3.07). They seem to believe that their work has been helpful to the performance of hospitals. 3. Environmental Variables. The degree of satisfaction on these variables was 3.07 the average which was derived from environmental factors such as family-role conflict and community support related to hospital employees' environment. The order of satisfaction for each variable is community support(3.2) and family-role conflict(2.94). They turned out to be fairly satisfied with their job in community and yet, they wanted more spare time to spend with their family.
Hospitals, General* ; Humans ; Job Satisfaction* ; Organizational Culture ; Personnel Administration, Hospital ; Pharmacists ; Weights and Measures

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that Mentha arvensis water extract (MAWE) inhibited systemic anaphylaxis and histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) by compound 48/80. OBJECTIVE AND METHOD: This study was undertaken to determine the inhibitory effects of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated anaphylactic reaction by MAWE. This paper deals with an evaluation of the effect of MAWE on the anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE antibody induced anaphylactic reaction in rats. We also investigated the influence of MAWE on anti-DNP IgE antibody-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production. RESULTS: MAWE inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) when intravenously, intrap- eritoneally, and orally administered. MAWE dose-dependently inhibited histamine release from RPMC activated by anti-DNP IgE antibody. Moreover, MAWE had an inhibitory effect on anti-DNP IgE antibody induced TNF-alphaproduction from RPMC. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that MAWE inhibits the IgE-mediated anaphylactic reaction in rats.
Anaphylaxis* ; Animals ; Histamine Release ; Immunoglobulin E ; Immunoglobulins ; Mast Cells ; Mentha* ; Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis ; Rats* ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Water

Multiple lymphomatous polyposis (MLP) is a distinctive type of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma, characterized by multiple polyps involving long segments of the gastrointestinal tract. Because MLP has a high tendency toward extraintestinal involvement such as bone marrow, lymph node, spleen and liver, MLP can cause various clinical manifestations and has a poor prognosis. We report a case of gastrointestinal MLP, who had an unusual conjunctival involvement during the course of anti-cancer chemotherapy.
Bone Marrow ; Drug Therapy ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoma ; Polyps ; Prognosis ; Spleen