To examine AZT resistance of HIV-1 isolates from AZT treated or untreated Korean, several biological characteristics such as syncytium formation, HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity and the p24 antigen production in MT-2 cells infected with 4 HRT_1 isolates were determined. As controls, we tested HIV-1 HTLV-IIIB and pre-drug isolate as AZT susceptible strains, in addition to HIV-1 RTMC/MT-2 and post-drug isolate as AZT resistant strains. When the inoculum size of HIV-1 was 300 TCID50well and 100 TCID50/well, the AZT susceptibility of AZT untreated HIV-1 isolates 8806 and 9571 were similar to that of HIV-1 HTLV-IIIB and AZT-susceptible HIV-1 strains. When we evaluated AZT resistance of isolates HRs-1 8812 and 9113 treated with AZT for 36 months by observation of syncytium formation, HIV-1 8812 showed resistance simillar to that of HIV-1 RTMC/MT-2 strain forming syncytium up to AZT 1microgram/ml, and HIV-1 9113 showed resistance identical with that of AZT-resistant HIV-1 strain which formed syncytium up to AZT 10 microgram/ml. Especially, when we evaluated AZT resistance by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activty and the p24 antigen production, HIV-1 isolates 8812 and 9113 showed much higher resistance (>10 - 200 fold) compared with HN-1 RTMC/MT-2 and AZT-resistant HIV-1 strain.
Giant Cells ; HIV-1* ; Korea* ; Population Characteristics ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; Zidovudine*

No abstract available.

The optic canal fracture has been recognized as a clinical entity for quite sometime, and is, by no means, a rare condition. We were aware of it for last several years, and have collected five radiographically proved cases from the records. Interestingly enough, two of these patients were involved in motor-cycle accidents and revealed abrasion over the lateral end of the homolateral eye brow. Only one of these five patients had partial recovery of his vision.
Humans

No abstract available.
HLA Antigens* ; Humans

There were 18 woman with mild to moderate stress incontinence treated with the Sympathomimetic agents, with were combined with phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride, chlorpheniramine maleate, and isopropamide. The majority of these patients achieved significant improvement for 2 months to 2 and half years after beginning therapy. These patients were performed physical examination, voiding cystourethrogram, stress test lateral-chain cystourethrogram, cystoscopy in order to confirm stress incontinence. We thinked that these conservative therapy were advisable for stress incontinence especially when symptoms were mild.
Chlorpheniramine ; Cystoscopy ; Exercise Test ; Female ; Humans ; Phenylpropanolamine ; Physical Examination ; Sympathomimetics ; Trimeprazine*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Pyloric Stenosis, Hypertrophic*

Hobnail hemangioma(HH) is a benign acquired vascular tumor of endothelial origin which should be differentiated from other malignant vascular neoplasm such as Kaposi's sarcoma or angiosarcoma. We report a case of hobnail hemangioma in a 21-year-old woman who had a dusky-red patch on her left shin. Histologically, ectatic vascular channels with a single layer of plumped endothelial cells were seen and the vascular channels seemed to dissect the collagen bundles. She underwent treatment with surgical excision with primary closure.
Collagen ; Endothelial Cells ; Female ; Hemangioma* ; Hemangiosarcoma ; Humans ; Sarcoma, Kaposi ; Vascular Neoplasms ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

BACKGROUND: Great efforts have been devoted to developing a mechanism-oriented classification of ischemic stroke. Information on the subtype of recurrent stroke may tell us whether the classification using the index stroke mechanism is appropriate. Data on the mechanism of recurrence in each stroke subtype are lacking for Asian patients. METHODS: Using the clinical syndrome, diffusion-weighted imaging, and vascular studies, we divided the patients into five groups [large artery atherosclerosis (LAA), cardioembolism (CE), small artery disease (SAD), parent artery disease occluding the deep perforators (PAD), and no determined cause (NC)], and registered recurrent strokes for up to three years. The LAA patients were subdivided into two groups: intracranial (IC-LAA) and extracranial (EC-LAA) LAA. RESULTS: Seventy-six recurrent vascular events (73 strokes and 3 coronary heart diseases) were evaluated in 73 patients. The pattern of recurrent stroke differed for the IC-LAA and EC-LAA groups; unlike the patients with IC-LAA, recurrent strokes in EC-LAA were often unpredictable with respect to the site of recurrence and degree of pre-existing stenosis. None of the patients in the IC-LAA group recurred as EC-LAA, or vice versa. Patients with SAD and NC recurred most frequently as their index stroke subtype, but intracranial stenosis was often found at the time of recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: From a prognostic and therapeutic perspective, patients with atherosclerosis should be divided into IC-LAA and EC-LAA. In addition, intracranial atherosclerosis may be more important in the development of SAD and NC in Asians than in Westerners, due to the high prevalence of intracranial atherosclerosis.
Arteries ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Atherosclerosis ; Classification ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Heart ; Humans ; Intracranial Arteriosclerosis ; Parents ; Prevalence ; Recurrence* ; Stroke*

No Abstract Available.
Knee* ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular*