No abstract available.
Animals ; Collagen* ; Fibroblasts* ; Rats* ; Skin*

No abstract available.
Forearm* ; Lower Extremity*

No abstract available.
Electric Impedance* ; Plethysmography, Impedance*

The osteoplasties of maxilla and mandible as the craniomaxillofacial surgery is popular and markedly developed in technically. In traditional osteoplasty, we have been use the mechanical saw, burr, cutting bar which is big sized instrument to transmit the energies to the saw or burr tips. So it is technically difficult to use such big instrument in narrow operative field Recently, the development of laser technology makes wider influence in the medical field. So, the laser is applying to high energy-using osteotomy in addition to hemangioma, tatoo, laserbrasion, hypertrophic scar and endoscopic surgery. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the extent of damage of bone and subsequent healing between the conventional mechnical saw osteotomies and the ND-YAG laser used osteotomies on the rabbit mandible angles by the histologic examination. Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits were used for the study. After exposure of rabbit's mandibular angle, one side of mandible angles were osteomized used by Nd-YAG laser and the other by the saw randomly. We compared the extent of damage and healing of laser and saw osteotomies at immediate, 2 week, 4 week, 3 months, 6 months postoperatively. The result revealed that, in two weeks after operation, the one of damaged bone was looks wider in laser osteotomies sites than by conventional mechanical saw osteotomies sites, but there is not remarkable differences between the laser and saw used group after 4 weeks, and we believe that it is possibility to use alser in craniomaxillofacial field saftly in near future.
Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; Hemangioma ; Lasers, Solid-State* ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Osteotomy ; Rabbits

In the history of medicine, many surgeons have been tried to reconstruct lost tissue and correct deformity, attempts to use implant materials have probably paralleled those involving autogenous tissue. Recently there has been an acceleration in the understanding of the requirements and potentials of implant materials caused by collaboration between material scientists, biomaterials engineers, clinicians, and clinical investigators. Alloplastic materials have become an essential part of reconstructing the function and contour of the craniofacial skeleton. Bone is a specialized form of connective tissue, which provides support, and protects vital and detion and summarizes their mechanical properties and clinical aspects.
Animal ; Bone Diseases/surgery* ; Bone Substitutes* ; Bone Transplantation* ; Facial Bones/surgery* ; Facial Bones/injuries ; Human ; Skull/surgery* ; Wounds and Injuries/surgery

With the development of antenatal diagnostic tools such as ultrasonography, some congenital anomalies or diseases can be detected in early fetal life. Routine serial antenatal check-ups have made it possible to predict the prognosis of these problems, and a few life-threatening single anatomic malformations have been treated by open fetal surgery. The experience of fetal surgery revealed that the human fetus appears to heal without any scarring. In contrast to adult animals, the response to tissue injury in the fetus is conspiciously devoid of acute inflammation. Indeed, the absence of neutrophils is perhaps the most consistent observation in fetal wounds and seems to be followed by absent or scanty fibroblast infiltration, which results in healing with sparse and well organized collagen deposition. Actually, the amount and quality of the collagen deposition were decided by the fibroblasts which infiltrated the wound. It is well known that fetal wounds have sparse collagen deposition, however, the mechanisms are still unclear. This study was designed to evaluate the role of fibroblast activity in the differences of the scar formation between the fetus and neonate. Fibroblast activity such as the cell growth rate, the amount of collagen synthesis and the synthesized collagen types of fetus(IUP 18-22 weeks) was compared with that of neonate. The amount of collagen synthesis was measured by H-proline uptake and the amount of collagen type III was measured by Western blot using antihuman procollagen type III. The cell growth rate as determined by cell proliferation from the initial cell count of 5x10(5) to cell confluence was 3.6 x 10(6) in the fetal fibroblasts compared to 2.5x10(6) in neonatal fibroblasts. Fetal fibroblast synthesize 16.9 x 10(4) cpm of collagen and neonatal fibroblasts synthesize 2.7 x 10(4) cpm of collagen. The synthesized amount of type III collagen was 2.1x10(4) ug/ml, and 1.5x10(4) ug/ml by fetal and neonatal fibroblasts, respectively. In conclusion, fetal fibroblasts grow faster and synthesize a smaller amount of collagen, but produce more type III collagen than neonatal fibroblasts.
Adult* ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Count ; Cell Proliferation ; Cicatrix ; Collagen Type III ; Collagen* ; Fetus* ; Fibroblasts* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Inflammation ; Neutrophils ; Prognosis ; Ultrasonography ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Allopurinol* ; Alprostadil* ; Skin*

No abstract available.
Achilles Tendon*

No abstract available.
Achilles Tendon*

The objectives of this study sere to investigate how the local irradiation affect the survival of random pattern skin flap, and whether or not hyperbaric oxygen and allopurional can improve the survival of the irradiated rat skin flap. There have been many reports about the effects of hyperbaric oxygen and allpurinol on skin flaps. However, very few reports have been presented on the effects of hyperbaric oxygen and allpurinol in treating irradiated skin flaps. The author examined the local irradiation effect on rat skin flap survival after irradiation of 20 Gy, 3 days postoperatively, on cranially based random pattern dorsal skin flap, which was 3 x 9cm in size. The flap survival length was measured in experimental groups treated with hyperbaric oxygen (2.5 atm absolute, 100% oxygen, once a day for 7days) after irradiation and with hyperbaric oxygen combined with allopurinol (100mg/kg, once a day for 7 days), in comparison with a radiation-only group. On reviewing the flap survival length 10 days postoperati-vely, the average flap survival length in the radiation-only group was 2.2+/-0.5cm, while in the non-radiation group it was 5.5+/-0.3cm. The reduction ratio of flap survival by irradiation was 60%. There was a significant increase in the mean flap survival length in the groups treated with hyperbaric oxygen (4.0+/-1.6cm) and hyperbaric oxygen combined with allopurinol (5.5+/-1.8cm). The increased ratio of flap survival in each group was 85% and 150% when compared to the radiation-only group. The author found that rat skin flap survival decreased, even at an early stage, as a result of high dose local irradiation and that decreased flap survival by irradiation could be restored by hyperbaric oxygen and allopurinol. The group treated with hyperbaric oxygen combined with allopurinol showed increased flap survival over the group treated with hyperbaric oxygen only. The results showed a method which could possibly increase flap survival in cancer patients who require early radiation after flap surgery.
Allopurinol* ; Animals ; Humans ; Oxygen* ; Rats* ; Skin*