Chloroma is an unusual presenting feature of acute leukemia in childhood. These are found in relation to the periosteum of the skull, paranasal sinuses, orbits, vertebrae or ribs. Chloromas may occasionally produce central or peripheral neurologic disturbance, as this patient demonstrated. 9 year old girl entered this hospital with complaints of protrusion of left eye, headache and vomiting. A month prior to admission the parent noted slight protrusion of left eye which had progressed rapidly with development of another small mass in the scalp. On admission, the patient showed rather anemic somewhat dull mentality and moderate papilledema on right. Blood picture and biopsy of scalp mass revealed hematologic and cytologic features of leukemia. The girl has deteriorated rapidly and died on the 28th hospital day. Autopsy showed multiple chloromas in relation to the periosteum of orbital fossa, ribs, pelvis, and skull. There were four masses as large as one to two cm in diameter at the inner aspect of dura mata which were compressing the brain. It is rare in this country that the infiltration of chloroma on the dura mata was proved in autopsy.
Autopsy ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Child ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Orbit ; Papilledema ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Parents ; Pelvis ; Periosteum ; Ribs ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; Scalp ; Skull ; Spine ; Vomiting

Chloroma is an unusual presenting feature of acute leukemia in childhood. These are found in relation to the periosteum of the skull, paranasal sinuses, orbits, vertebrae or ribs. Chloromas may occasionally produce central or peripheral neurologic disturbance, as this patient demonstrated. 9 year old girl entered this hospital with complaints of protrusion of left eye, headache and vomiting. A month prior to admission the parent noted slight protrusion of left eye which had progressed rapidly with development of another small mass in the scalp. On admission, the patient showed rather anemic somewhat dull mentality and moderate papilledema on right. Blood picture and biopsy of scalp mass revealed hematologic and cytologic features of leukemia. The girl has deteriorated rapidly and died on the 28th hospital day. Autopsy showed multiple chloromas in relation to the periosteum of orbital fossa, ribs, pelvis, and skull. There were four masses as large as one to two cm in diameter at the inner aspect of dura mata which were compressing the brain. It is rare in this country that the infiltration of chloroma on the dura mata was proved in autopsy.
Autopsy ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Child ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Orbit ; Papilledema ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Parents ; Pelvis ; Periosteum ; Ribs ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; Scalp ; Skull ; Spine ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Humans ; Hypoglycemia* ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn* ; Iron*

Primary spinal glioblastoma multiforme is very rare, especially in childhood. 13-year-old boy was admitted to our neurosurgical department because of paraparesis, sensory loss below T10 and sphincter disturbance. Thoracic myelogram showed complete obstruction at T10 level and total laminectomy with partial removal of the intramedullary cord tumor mass was performed under the impression of spinal cord tumor. Postoperatively, his symptoms and signs unchanged. Pathological diagnosis was intramedullary glioblastoma multiforme involving thoracic cord.
Adolescent ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Glioblastoma* ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Male ; Paraparesis ; Spinal Cord Neoplasms

No abstract available.
Copper* ; Female ; Humans ; Intrauterine Devices*

Among the intracranial glioma, primitive glioma is very rare. We report a case of primitive glioma involving left parietofrontotemporal lobe of 8-year-old boy who had about 12 months duration of right sided hemiparesis, headache, vomiting and papilledema. CT scan showed a large, well defined round area of low density with peripheral rim of high density and high density small mass suggesting mural nodule in left frontoparietotemporal region. A left frontoparietotemporal osteoplastic craniotomy was carried out. A small nodule and cystic membrane containing pale yellowish colored proteinous cystic fluid were almost totally removed without difficulty. Postoperatively, the right hemiparesis and headache gradually cleared. Pathologic diagnosis was primitive glioma.
Child ; Craniotomy ; Diagnosis ; Glioma ; Headache ; Humans ; Male ; Membranes ; Papilledema ; Paresis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vomiting

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of several implant surface treatments to the bone formation, by placing Machined implants, 75 micrometer Calcium phosphate-blasted implants and Al2O3- blasted and acid-etched implants in rabbit tibia through histomorphometric study. Two animals of each group were sacrificed at 2, 4, 8 weeks. The specimens containing the implants were dehydrated and embedded into hard methylmethacrylate plastic. Thereafter, the sections were ground to 50 micrometer. The specimens were stained with Villanueva bone stain for a light microscopic study. The results were as follows; 1. When the surface roughness of three different implants was measured by Surfcorder, the Ra of the Machined group, the RBM group and the SLA group was 0.16 micrometer, 0.44 micrometer, and 1.08micro meter. 2. When examining the surfaces of the implants in the scanning microscope, Machined implant has the smooth surface with a few scratches, RBM implant has the rough surface with curled ridges and valleys, and SLA implant has the rough surface structures such as sharp protruding parts and micropits measuring 1-2 micrometer in diameter. 3. After 2 weeks of implantation, the percentage of bone-to-implant contact of the Machined group, the RBM group and the SLA group was 26.86%, 35.40% and 45.99%. However, its differences between each group decreased during the healing periods. 4. After 2 weeks of implantation, the percentage of bone area inside the threads of the Machined group, the RBM group and the SLA group were 21.55%, 30.43% and 41.18%. However, its difference of bone area between machined group and surface treatment groups was maintained but the difference within the surface treatment groups decreased during the healing periods. In summary, the amount of bone formation in RBM and SLA group was greater than Machined group in early healing stage. These results suggest that RBM and SLA implants can reduce the healing period for osseointegration and may be suitable for early function.
Animals ; Calcium ; Dental Implants* ; Methylmethacrylate ; Osseointegration ; Osteogenesis ; Plastics ; Tibia*

Fat embolism syndrome is a rare clinical diagnosis of dyspnea with acute respiratory failure and neurological signs caused by a traumatic long bone fracture. We report a case of fat embolism in a 22 year-old man after a traffic accident. Dyspnea and stuporous mental changes developed on the 1st day after the external fixation operation of a left metaphyseal femur fracture. On the following day, he was transferred from a hospital to this one because of acute respiratory failure. After recovery, macrophages with fat droplets were found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1. It is important to diagnose a fat embolism as the correct cause of acute respiratory failure through the BAL in the acute state of fat embolism syndrome It is believed that clinically apparent or sometimes hidden fat embolism syndrome can be diagnosed from the BAL during the recovery state.
Accidents, Traffic ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Embolism, Fat* ; Femur ; Fractures, Bone ; Humans ; Macrophages ; Respiratory Insufficiency* ; Stupor ; Young Adult

Langerhans' Cell Histiocytosis(LCH) is a disease of unknown origin, characterized by abnormal proliferation of Langerhans' cells. Previously, it has been called histiocytosis X, which included eosinophilic granuloma, Hand-Sch ller-Christian's disease, and Letterer-Siwe disease. Any organs or tissues such as skin, lymph nodes, bone and bone marrow can be involved. However, LCH of chest wall is rarely reported in our country. We experienced a 18 month old male child, who had osteolytic lesion involving the rib with axillary lymph node metastasis. The tumor was confirmed as LCH after surgery.
Bone Marrow ; Child ; Eosinophilic Granuloma ; Histiocytosis* ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; Humans ; Infant ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ribs ; Skin ; Thoracic Wall* ; Thorax*

OBJECTIVE: Endometrial cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the female genital tract. Its incidence has increased in recent years, making up 13% of female genital cancers. Nevertheless, the search for agents effective in the treatment of either advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer has been disappointing. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) were recently found to be well-tolerated in patients with hematologic and solid malignancies. HDACIs have been shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation, stimulate apoptosis, and induce cell cycle arrest. Our purpose was to investigate the antiproliferative effects of the HDACIs (sodium butyrate and HDAC-I1) against endometrial cancer cell line (Hec 1A) and normal endometrial cell line (T-HESCs). METHODS: MTS reduction assay was carried out to determine the cell viability. Cell cycle analysis and DNA fragmentation assay was done by fluorescent activated cell sorter analysis. The expression of cell cycle-regulatory and apoptosis-related proteins were evaluated by Western blot. Caspase 3 and 7 activity were measured by immuno-flouorescent staining. RESULTS: Each sodium butyrate and HDAC-I1 induced growth inhibition in a dose and time dependent manner in endometrial cancer cells but did not induce growth inhibition in normal endometrial cells. Treatment with each drugs in endometrial cancer cells increased the percentage of cells in subG1 phase. The expression of p53, p21, p27, FAS, and FAS legand were increased and it was associated with increased p21 and p27 expression in a p53-dependent manner. Activation of caspase-3, 7, 8, 9 and down-regulation of Bcl-2, up-regulation of Bax, with concomitant increase in PARP cleavage, were observed. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that sodium butyrate induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in human endometrial cancer cells rising their possibility applicable against human endometrial cancers.
Apoptosis ; Blotting, Western ; Butyrates ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; DNA Fragmentation ; Down-Regulation ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; Female ; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors ; Histone Deacetylases ; Histones ; Humans ; Incidence ; Proteins ; Sodium ; Up-Regulation