No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Humans ; Soil*

The development of the arthroscopic surgery technique presented a great method in the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament. There were many debates about the timing of reconstruction in the acute anterior cruciate ligament injury. However, it was regarded true that primary reconstruction in the acute phase have higher complication rate of arthrofibrosis than in the chronic phase. Many authors recommended delay of reconstruction at least 3 weeks in acute tear of anterior cruciate ligament. In contrast, some surgeons have tried to suture the ruptured anterior cruciate ligament accompanied by 'over-the-top' augmentation with the hamstring tendon or the artificial ligament arthroscopically. Since Jan. 1992, the authors have implanted the synthetic polyester ligament(ABC ligament; Surgicraft, U.K.) into the substance of ruptured ligament proper and fixed at the 'over-the-top' position without any procedure for repair of the ruptured anterior cruciate ligament. Our indication for this surgery is only acute rupture of anterior cruciate ligament with good stump condition. We report the clinical results of 22 cases at 20.3 months follow-up(mean) preliminarily. l. On measurement of pre-operative and post-operative differences between the normal and the affected side by Telos stress X-ray study and KT-2000 arthrometer. Differences were markedly improved from 5.6mm(mean: pre-op) to 1.9mm(mean: post-op) on Telos stress X-ray study(on 15 Kp stress) and both knee showed minimal differences on KT-2000 study(2.2mm on 9Kp, 2.5mm on maximum stress) at the time of follow-up. 2. The average Lysholm score was 82. By Clancy criteria, the 20 cases(91%) showed good and excellent results. 3. Second look arthroscopy was available in three cases. In two cases, there were marked fibrous proliferation around the ligament. The stability felt good on probing. We could observe healing-like appearance of ruptured ACL with minimal fibrous tissue proliferation in one another case.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Arthroscopy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Methods ; Polyesters ; Rupture ; Surgeons ; Sutures ; Tears ; Tendons

In the treatment of proximal tibial condyle fracture, it should be considered that it can often accompany injuries of the collateral ligament, both cruciate ligament, and the menisci of the knee. Moreover it is necessary to restore anatomical congruity of the articular surface accurately. We performed reduction of the depressed articular fragment under monitoring of arthroscopy and fixed with cannulated cancellous screws and accompanied by bone graft under the control of image intensifier in 2 cases of Type I(Pure cleavage) and 3 cases of type II(cleavage with depression) fractures. The results were very satisfactory. Arthroscopy assisted reduction and fixation are very useful method in the treatment of proximal tibial condyle fracture because of (1) the minimized operative morbidity, (2) the ability to evaluate and manage associated intraarticular pathology simultaneously, (3) the rapid rehabilitation, (4) the achievement of good reduction comparable to open reduction.
Arthroscopy ; Collateral Ligaments ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Methods ; Pathology ; Rehabilitation ; Transplants

Owing to the advancement of imaging techniques which include the CT scan, it became easier to evaluate fracture patterns of calcaneal fractures accurately. Moreover, it is possible to obtain good results with operative treatment as a consequence of the development of good operative equipment and new operative technique. In 1988, Regazzoni and Benirschke in 1990, recommended L-shaped extensive lateral approach for calcaneus which provide extensive exposure of calcaneus and so allow easier reduction and fixation. We carried out L-shaped extensive lateral approach in 11 cases from June, 1993 to April, 1994. This approach did not produce any skin problems and allowed excellent anatomical reduction and fixation. But we experienced some severe causalgia on the heel region in several cases. We tried to analyse the cause of pain and concluded that it was the damage to the lateral calcaneal branch of the sural nerve. We are reporting the problems of tbis approach.
Calcaneus ; Causalgia ; Heel ; Skin ; Sural Nerve ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND:Metronome guidance is a feasible and effective feedback technique to improve the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The rate of the metronome should be set between 100 to 120 ticks/minute and the speed of ventilation may have crucial effect on the quality of ventilation. We compared three different metronome rates (100, 110, 120 ticks/minute) to investigate its effect on the quality of ventilation during metronome-guided 30:2 CPR. METHODS:This is a prospective, randomized, crossover observational study using a RespiTrainer?r. To simulate 30 chest compressions, one investigator counted from 1 to 30 in cadence with the metronome rate (1 count for every 1 tick), and the participant performed 2 consecutive ventilations immediately following the counting of 30. Thirty physicians performed 5 sets of 2 consecutive (total 10) bag-mask ventilations for each metronome rate. Participants were instructed to squeeze the bag over 2 ticks (1.0 to 1.2 seconds depending on the rate of metronome) and deflate the bag over 2 ticks. The sequence of three different metronome rates was randomized. RESULTS:Mean tidal volume significantly decreased as the metronome rate was increased from 110 ticks/minute to 120 ticks/minute (343±84 mL vs. 294±90 mL, P=0.004). Peak airway pressure significantly increased as metronome rate increased from 100 ticks/minute to 110 ticks/minute (18.7 vs. 21.6 mmHg, P=0.006). CONCLUSION:In metronome-guided 30:2 CPR, a higher metronome rate may adversely affect the quality of bag-mask ventilations. In cases of cardiac arrest where adequate ventilation support is necessary, 100 ticks/minute may be better than 110 or 120 ticks/minute to deliver adequate tidal volume during audio tone guided 30:2 CPR.

The fibrous pseudotumor arising from testicular albuginea in child is very rare benign tumor We experienced a case of this tumor in 6 year old boy who present with painless and nontender scrotal mass, which was movable on palpation. It was a hyperechoic lesion with calcification and had unclear relationship with testis in ultrasonography. Orchiectomy was performed after clamping of spermatic cord due to possibility of malignancy. The excised mass was 2.2xl.5cm sized, ovoid, white-yellowish, had a short stalk arising from testicular albuginea and showed whorled pattern in cut section. Microscopically, abundant collagenous fiber, proliferative fibroblast and calcification were noted.
Child* ; Collagen ; Constriction ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Palpation ; Spermatic Cord ; Testis ; Ultrasonography

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Clinically, maxillary first premolar has a high risk of fracture. This is thought to be caused by the susceptible figure which the maxillary first premolar has. In other words, sharp cusp angles of the premolar is thought to influence this situation. PURPOSE: This study was to know stress distribution of all-ceramic crown according to the cusp angle. MATERIAL AND METHOD: It was manufactured a three dimensional finite element model simplified maxillary first premolar, and then analyzed stress distribution when cusp angle was each 80 degrees, 90 degrees, 100 degrees, 110 degrees and 120 degrees. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 1. The von Misses stress showed that stress decreases as cusp angle increases in the central groove of the occlusal surface. 2. It showed that maximum principal stress was centered at the region of the central groove of the occlusal surface and a region which the force was inflicted. And also it appeared high on the lingual and buccal side of finish line. 3. The X axis of normal stress was focused in the central groove of the occlusal surface. The Y axis normal stress appeared high in the central groove of the occlusal surface, buccal and lingual side. 4. The Stress near the finish line showed a low value compared with stress in the region of the central groove of the occlusal surface. 5. It shows that the most dangerous angle for tooth fracture was on 80 degrees of the cusp angle and low on 120 degrees of its.
Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Bicuspid* ; Ceramics* ; Crowns* ; Tooth Fractures

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the fracture strength of the IPS Empress ceramic crown according to the incisal reduction (2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm) and axial inclination (4degrees., 8.degrees, 12degrees.) of the upper canine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After 10 metal dies were made for each group, the IPS Empress ceramic crowns were fabricated and each crown was cemented on each metal die with resin cement. The cemented crowns mounted on the testing jig were inclined 30 degrees and the universal testing machine was used to measure the fracture strength. RESULTS: 1. The fracture strength of the ceramic crown with 3.0mm depth and 12degrees inclination was the highest (839N). Crowns of 2.0mm depth and 12degrees inclination had the lowest strength (559N). 2. There was no significant difference in the fracture strength by axial inclination in the same incisal reduction group. 3. The fracture mode of the crowns was similar. Most of fracture lines began at the loading area and extended through proximal surface perpendicular to the margin irrespective of incisal reduction.
Ceramics ; Crowns* ; Resin Cements

PURPOSE: Severe abdominal pain and signs of peritoneal irritation in some patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) can mimic an acute surgical disease of the abdomen. We performed this study to analyze the clinical features and the laboratory and radiographic findings of HFRS patients who had acute abdominal pain upon visiting the emergency department (ED). METHODS: The electronic medical records were retrospectively investigated during a 3 year period between January 2006 and December 2008. RESULTS: Among the 44 patients with HFRS at the ED, 21 patients (47.7%) complained of acute abdominal pain. On physical examination, three patients (14.3%) had rebound tenderness. The most common laboratory findings were thrombocytopenia, azotemia and proteinuria. Ascites, pericholecystic fluid collection, peri-renal fluid collection and pleural effusion were the major findings of abdominal computed tomography. CONCLUSION: Acute abdominal pain can be a presenting symptom of HFRS at the ED. In an endemic area, HFRS should be suspected in young patients who have acute abdominal pain, fever (or history of fever), tenderness (and rebound tenderness) of the abdomen, thrombocytopenia and proteinuria. Failure to recognize HFRS might delay the appropriate diagnostic approach and treatment.
Abdomen ; Abdomen, Acute ; Abdominal Pain ; Ascites ; Azotemia ; Electronic Health Records ; Emergencies ; Fever ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Humans ; Hydrazines ; Military Personnel ; Physical Examination ; Pleural Effusion ; Proteinuria ; Retrospective Studies ; Thrombocytopenia