No abstract available.
Animals* ; Brain* ; Hypothermia* ; Models, Animal*

The currently proposed factors inducing prostatic hyperplasia are the combined effect of androgen and estrogen and the reawakening of the embryonic growth potential of mature prostatic stroma. This experiment was designed to find out any histological or structural differences occurring after compensating sex hormones on the mature prostate and the implanted fetal urogenital sinus (UGS) tissue which possesses a differentiating potential under the same condition. The ventral lobe of the rat prostate with implanted fetal UGS showed 4.4 fold increase in weight compared to the non-implanted contralateral ventral lobe. After the castration, both ventral lobes showed marked atrophy, and no further progress in differentiation occurred in the implanted UGS. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) compensation after castration revealed a significant increase in weight in the mature prostate but the ventral lobe with the implanted UGS showed relatively low recovery rate in weight than in non-castrated control group. The compensation of estradiol after the castration showed little difference in mature prostate compared to castrated control group, but the UGS implanted ventral lobe revealed a relative stromal hyperplasia. Unlike the single-hormone compensation, the mature prostate displayed the characteristic hyperplasia of epithelium of each acinar lumen, but the UGS dearly showed the formation of new acini with nodular pattern when compensated with both DHT and estradiol. The level of DHT showed a significant correlation with the height of the prostatic acinar cell which differentiated from the UGS, and an inverse correlation with the stroma/epithelium ratio of implanted group. The serum concentration of estradiol showed a significant correlation with the relative volume of juxta-prostatic tissues, such as the coagulating gland and the adjacent stroma. From the above results, it might be assumed that the estrogen may have an important role in the embryonic stroma-mediated initiation of nodular hyperplastic changes of microacini under the influence of DHT and the determination of histologic pattern after initiation might be controlled by the prostatic DHT concentration.
Acinar Cells ; Adult* ; Animals ; Atrophy ; Castration ; Compensation and Redress ; Dihydrotestosterone ; Epithelium ; Estradiol ; Estrogens ; Gonadal Steroid Hormones ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Mice* ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Rats

No abstract available.
Animals* ; Brain* ; Hypothermia* ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling* ; Models, Animal*

Inadequate effectiveness of anticancer drug in treating renal cell carcinoma has been attributed to the overexpression of multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) and its product, membrane-bound P-glycoprotein. P-glycoprotein is known to actively pump out intracellular drug, which results in low intracellular anticancer drug concentration. Progesterone, which has been used in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma is found to cause a three to four-fold increase in vinblastine accumulation in the P-glycoprotein-expressing murine macrophage-like cell line.We have studied to evaluate the MDR modulating action of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in renal cell carcinoma cell lines also with tamoxifen and verapamil. A-498 of a high mdrl expressed cell line and Caki-2 of a low mdrl expressed cell line were each placed in 96 multiwell plates. Vinblastine, in concentration from 0.01 ug/ml to 10 ug/ml was added to each well and verapamil, from 0.1 uM to 10 uM, MPA, from 2.5 uM to 25 uM, or tamoxifen, from 0.1 uM to 10 uM was also added. The in vitro chemosensitivity of two renal cell carcinoma cell lines (Caki-2 and A498) to vinblastine was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazol bromide(MTF) colorimetric assay. Growth of Caki-2 cells is inhibited by low doses of vinblastine(IC50: 0.27 ug/ml), but A-498 cells are highly resistant to the drug, with ICs0 value of 0.47 ug/ml. The chemosensitivity of the A-498 cells is increased in response to 5 uM MPA, 1 uM verapamil and 2 uM tamoxifen, which are known to partially reverse the MDR phenotype in other resistant tumors. The effective concentration of MPA for MDR reversal is in clinically achievable concentration but one of verapamil is not. The chemosensitivity of Caki-2 cells does not change according to MDR modulating agents. .MPA is an effective MDR modulating agents to enhance the cytotoxicity of vinblastine in renal cell carcinoma cell line showing P-glycoprotein expression. It suggests that combination therapy of MPA and vinblastine is better than monotherapy with MPA or vinblastine alone.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cell Line* ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Genes, MDR ; Humans ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate* ; Medroxyprogesterone* ; P-Glycoprotein ; Phenotype ; Progesterone ; Tamoxifen ; Verapamil ; Vinblastine*

Inadequate effectiveness of anticancer drug in treating renal cell carcinoma has been attributed to the overexpression of multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) and its product, membrane-bound P-glycoprotein. P-glycoprotein is known to actively pump out intracellular drug, which results in low intracellular anticancer drug concentration. Progesterone, which has been used in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma is found to cause a three to four-fold increase in vinblastine accumulation in the P-glycoprotein-expressing murine macrophage-like cell line.We have studied to evaluate the MDR modulating action of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) in renal cell carcinoma cell lines also with tamoxifen and verapamil. A-498 of a high mdrl expressed cell line and Caki-2 of a low mdrl expressed cell line were each placed in 96 multiwell plates. Vinblastine, in concentration from 0.01 ug/ml to 10 ug/ml was added to each well and verapamil, from 0.1 uM to 10 uM, MPA, from 2.5 uM to 25 uM, or tamoxifen, from 0.1 uM to 10 uM was also added. The in vitro chemosensitivity of two renal cell carcinoma cell lines (Caki-2 and A498) to vinblastine was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazol bromide(MTF) colorimetric assay. Growth of Caki-2 cells is inhibited by low doses of vinblastine(IC50: 0.27 ug/ml), but A-498 cells are highly resistant to the drug, with ICs0 value of 0.47 ug/ml. The chemosensitivity of the A-498 cells is increased in response to 5 uM MPA, 1 uM verapamil and 2 uM tamoxifen, which are known to partially reverse the MDR phenotype in other resistant tumors. The effective concentration of MPA for MDR reversal is in clinically achievable concentration but one of verapamil is not. The chemosensitivity of Caki-2 cells does not change according to MDR modulating agents. .MPA is an effective MDR modulating agents to enhance the cytotoxicity of vinblastine in renal cell carcinoma cell line showing P-glycoprotein expression. It suggests that combination therapy of MPA and vinblastine is better than monotherapy with MPA or vinblastine alone.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Cell Line* ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Genes, MDR ; Humans ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate* ; Medroxyprogesterone* ; P-Glycoprotein ; Phenotype ; Progesterone ; Tamoxifen ; Verapamil ; Vinblastine*

Surgical tumor resection, most appropriately together with the affected organ, is the sole form of curative therapy in low-staged renal cell carcinoma. But the fact that about 30% of patients show distant metastases or regional lymph node metastases at the time of diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma indicates the urgent need for the development of an effective treatment modalities. Herein we report the preliminary result of chemo-immuno-hormonal(triple) combination therapy which consists of a-interferon, vinblastine and medroxyprogesterone acetate in 17 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma from June 1990 to June 1994. The patients received the treatment with the combination of alpha interferon(a-IFN: 6 million units IM three times a week), vinblastine(VBL: 3 mgN2 IV monthly) and medroxyprogesterone acetate(MPA: 600 mg IM twice a month) at least 6 cycles. Although almost all the patients tolerated the treatment a few patients were stopped the treatment when the general condition of the patient became poor in progressive disease The 5 of 17 patients showed partial response and one patient with lung and liver metastasis was resolved completely. The response rate was 35.3% after treatment and the survival rates for 6 month and 1 year were 70.6% and 47.1%, respectively. So the chemo-immuno-hormonal combination therapymight be an alternative safe modality and be able to prolong the survival duration in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Liver ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Medroxyprogesterone ; Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Survival Rate ; Vinblastine

No abstract available.

Bokbunja (Rubus Coreanus Miquel) is a wild berry to Rosaceae genus of which application areas have been expanded due to many health effects. Bokbunja contains carbohydrates, protein, fats and dietary fibers as major components and various flavonoids such as tannins, volatile components including organic acids, alcohols and hydrocarbons as minor ones. Those active compounds attribute to increase in immune function, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Recently pure compounds have been isolated from the extracts for the development of medicines. We report here on two cases of acne vulgaris that was successfully treated with Rubus Coreanus Miquel extracts.
Acne Vulgaris ; Alcohols ; Carbohydrates ; Dietary Fiber ; Fats ; Flavonoids ; Fruit ; Hydrocarbons ; Propionibacterium acnes ; Rosacea ; Rosaceae ; Tannins

In patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma with bony metastasis, pain palliation is an important point in improving their life quality. It is a known fact that local external irradiation is an effective treatment modality for metastatic bone pain. Because bony metastasis often affects multiple sites in prostatic adenocarcinoma, hemibody irradiation is often necessary. But it has various complications. Strontium-89 was administered in 6 patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma with symptomatic multiple bony metastasis whose pain was not controlled with local external irradiation or antiandrogen therapy. In 2 of 6 patients, pain disappeared and in other 2 of 6 patients, pain decreased to 20% of pretreatment level. Hematologic adverse effect did not appear in any patient. Along with decreasing pain, need of analgesics decreased and life quality of the patients improved. However, the PSA level of the patients did not change. Strontium-89 treatment for patients with prostatic adenocarcinoma with symptomatic bony metastasis is a valuable treatment modality in improving life quality of the patients and time-saving when compared with other treatment modalities. However there are some unsolved questions in Strontium-89 treatment such as when to start the treatment and its indications. A prospective study thould be designed including more cases.
Adenocarcinoma ; Analgesics ; Hemibody Irradiation ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Prostate* ; Prostatic Neoplasms* ; Quality of Life

No abstract available.
Angioplasty*