A new crush anastomosis model which can be evaluated as crush energy was established on the femoral artery and vein of the rats weighing 250g on the average. The degrees of vessel injury were evaluated as crush energy. The arteries underwent the crush injury with the energy of 0.3J, 0.4J, 0.5J, while the reins were crushed with the energy of 0.2J, 0.3J, 0.4J respectively then the vessels in each group were divided and anastomoses by a standard microsurgical technique. Saline and heparin were used as a luminal topical agent and systemic one, which allowed contact with the damaged endothelium. The heparin treated group had a patency rate of 95%(0.3J), 87.5%(0.4J), 40%(0.5J) vs. 55%(0.3J), 15%(0.4J), 10%(0.5J) in the saline irrigated group in the femoral arteries, which had the patency rate of 82.5%(0.2J), 72.5%(0.3J), 42.5%(0.4J) vs. 35%(0.2J), 12.5%(0.3J), 7.5%(0.4J) in the saline irrigated group in the femoral vein at 1 day. There was a energy-related decrease in patency rate. These findings indicate that the crush model of 0.4J in the rat femoral artery, 0.3J in the rat femoral vein is a reliable and reproducible thrombosis model. The model described in this study is to be used to evaluate and assess the ability of antithrombotic agent in preventing thrombosis at the anastomotic site.
Animals ; Arteries ; Endothelium ; Femoral Artery ; Femoral Vein ; Heparin ; Phenobarbital ; Rats* ; Thrombosis ; Veins

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Humans ; Mothers*

Accidental or suicidal fatalities of paraquat (Gramoxon) poisong are occasionally seen in the emergency room or intensive care unit in this country. In most cases, respiratory symptoms and eventual death by respiratory distress occur within several days. The most striking pathologic change is fibrosis of the lung due to widespread proliferation of fibroblastic cell. We experience a 21-year-old woman with huge bulla on left lung and diffuse fibrosis in other site, who ingested paraquat 10 months ago. After thoracoscopic removal of bulla, the patient survive without progression of pulmonary complication till now.
Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Lung ; Paraquat ; Pulmonary Fibrosis* ; Strikes, Employee ; Young Adult

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histologic difference that occured after trichloroacetic acid(TCA) chemical peel in an animal model that was pretreated with Tretinoin alone or Tretinoin-based combined pretreatment kit. Eight Hartley white guinea pigs were used in our study. The dorsal skin of the guinea pigs was divided into six equal squares(2x2 cm). Upper two areas of these six were not pretreated, middle two areas were pretreated for 4 weeks with Tretinoin alone and lower two areas were pretreated for 4 weeks with Tretinoin-based combined kit. Each guinea pig underwent chemical peel with 50% TCA. The wounded areas were biopsied at post-peeling 3 weeks and 6 weeks. The histology revealed that those animals pretreated with combined kit healed quicker than the animals pretreated with Tretinoin alone. This study implies that if patients are treated with Tretinoin-based-combined pretreatment kit before undergoing chemical peel, the pretreatment time will be shortened.
Animals ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Skin ; Tretinoin* ; Wounds and Injuries

This study was carried out to investigate the localization and change of the cell surface antigens, such as URO-9(Om5) and URO-10 (T43), in transitional cell carcinomas of bladder. The subjects used were normal bladder mucosae of 10 autopsy cases of fetus and 10 biopsy cases of child or adult patients with disease of other organs as controls, and neoplastic tissue of 15 cases of patient with transitional cell in carcinoma of bladder. Avidin-Biotin complex(ABC) kits(Cambridge Research Lab.) and URO-9 and URO-10 monoclonal antibodies were used and the data observed were analyzed. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. URO-9 expression was none of 10 fetal bladder mucosae and 3 or 10 normal bladder mucosae and URO-10 expression was none showed. 2. Of 15 cases with transitional cell carcinoma of bladder, URO-9 expression was 5, of which 1 was Ta grade II, 1 T1 grade II and the rest T2 grade III. URO-10 expression was 10, of which I was T1 grade III, 3 T2 grade III, 3 T3 grade III and 3 T4 grade III, of 15 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of bladder. As above results, the transitional cell carcinoma of bladder in low grade and low stage have tendency to express URO-9 monoclonal antibody but not URO-10 monoclonal antibody, whereas the transitional cell carcinoma of bladder in high grade and high stage were inclined to express URO-10 monoclonal antibody with variable expression of URO-9 monoclonal antibody.
Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal* ; Antigens, Surface* ; Autopsy ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Child ; Fetus ; Humans ; Mucous Membrane ; Urinary Bladder*

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of anatomic anal stenosis in patients with chronic anal fissure (CAF) and ascertain the results of lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) using a new calibrator. METHODS: Ninety-eight adults with CAF and a control group of 40 normal adults underwent anal calibration under spinal anesthesia. The calibrator was a conical design and the diameter was scaled in increments of 1 mm. The calibration was standardized and the reliability of it was assessed by two independent examiners for the same group (n=45). Confounding effects of age, sex, body weight, and height on the anal caliber were studied. The internal sphincter was divided to the level of the dentate line during LIS. RESULTS: The anal caliber was 34.6 +/- 1.4 mm (mean +/- SD) in the control group and 28.7 +/- 3.0 mm (mean +/- SD) in patients with CAF. Excellent correlation was obtained between the two examiners (r=0.958). The confounding effects of age, sex, body weight, and height were not significant. Therefore, anal stenosis was defined as when the measurement was 31 mm or below (mean-2SD of control value). Stenosis was present in 82 of 98 patients (84%) with CAF. Patients with stenosis had an anal caliber of 27.9 +/- 2.5 mm, with a range of 21 to 31 mm. Following LIS, 91 of 98 patients (93%) with CAF attained the normal range, two patients still had stenosis, and five patients had an anal caliber exceeding the normal value. CONCLUSIONS: Anatomic anal stenosis was found in 84% of the patients with CAF. Ninety three percent of these patients attained a normal anal caliber, 2 percent of the patients still had stenosis and 5 percent of the patients had an anal caliber exceeding the normal value after LIS.
Adult ; Anesthesia, Spinal ; Body Weight ; Calibration ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Fissure in Ano* ; Humans ; Prevalence* ; Reference Values

The results of allelic frequency of polymorphic loci in the short arm of chromosome 3 in normal Koreans are shown using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis on blood samples of 20 males and 20 females without any tumor or hereditary diseases. The allelic frequency of two loci, D3S2 (MspI) and D3F15S2 (Hind III ) was quite different between renal cell carcinoma in Koreans and Caucasians, but THRB (MspI) locus was similar This suggests the importance of determining specific loci to Koreans. The study of tumor suppressor gene on these genetic loci due to D3S2 (MspI) and THRB (EcoRI) loci showed high constitutional heterozygosity, contrast to D3F15S2 (Hind III), THRB (BamHI) and THRB (MspI) loci where low constitutional heterozygosity were seen. Therefore, the study of tumor suppressor gene should be directed to investigate. This study showed the allelic distribution of Koreans differing from Caucasians and the genetic locus with the high frequency of heterozygosity among the polymorphic loci comparable to Koreans were due to the difference of heterozygosity frequency according to genetic loci. Therefore, the author thinks that the need for the detection of specific genetic loci for Koreans to study the correlation among many cases for classifying the tumorigenesis and active research should be initiated to find other genetic locus related to multi-step tumorigenesis.
Arm* ; Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3* ; Female ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Genetic Loci ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

No abstract available.
Colony-Stimulating Factors* ; Transplantation*

In an outpatient setting, 107 patients were evaluated using a single 24-hour specimen with StoneRisk Diagnostic Profile on a random diet before medication and treatment and updated the classification of nephrolithiasis. For specific subclassification of hypercalciuric calcium(Ca) nephrolithiasis, calcium and sodium restricted diet and sodium cellulose phosphate screening test were underwent. Abnormal urinary biochemistry was classified into one or more of 20 etiologic categories. A single diagnosis was documented in 37(34.6%) patients and the remaining 65.4% had more than one diagnosis. Hypercalciuric Ca nephrolithiasis occurred in 41 (38.3%) patients and specific subclassification of 6 variants was performed. In this study, hypercalciuric Ca nephrolithiasis occurred less frequently in comparison to the incidence of U.S.A. reported by Dr. Pak. Hyperuricosuric Ca nephrolithiasis (HUCN) and gouty diathesis(GD) accounted for 47(43.9%) and 8(7.4%) patients, respectively. Hyperoxaluric Ca nephrolithiasis was in 25(23.4%) patients and all were dietary origin following an oxalate-restricted diet. Hypocitraturic Ca nephrolithiasis was seen in 51(47.6%) patients in idiopathic variant. Hypocitraturia due to RTA and chronic diarrheal syndrome occurred in 1(0.9%) and 2(1.8%) patients. Hypomagnesiuric Ca nephrolithiasis and acquired problem of low urine volume(<1 L/d) were accounted in 3(2.8%) and 13(12.2%) patients, respectively. Infection stones or cystinuria were not detected. No metabolic abnormality was found in 12(11.2%) patients. High sodium take was detected in 60(56.1%) patients, reflecting that Koreans take high sodium containing foods. We think that StoneRisk Diagnostic Profile using a single 24-hour urine specimen is very useful in detecting stone-forming risk factors and providing specific therapeutic guidelines. Additionally, recurrence associated with high cost of medical care can be reduced through adequate diagnostic evaluation as part of the treatment regimen.
Biochemistry ; Calcium ; Cellulose ; Classification ; Cystinuria ; Diagnosis ; Diet ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Mass Screening ; Nephrolithiasis* ; Outpatients ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors ; Sodium