The patients of developmental dislocation of the hip(DDH) are almost found after walking age because of early diagnosis of DDH in younger children is not easy. A controversy still exists as to the relative value of closed and operative management in the treatment of a child who has reached walking age. This study is a report of the results of 16 patients(17 cases) in developmental dislocation of the hip who have visited our hospital at the age of 9 months to 3 years old, and have been followed more than 12 months (12-112 months) on review of plain radiographs and arthrograms. The results were as follows 1. The age at diagnosis was 16.4 months(9-31 months) in average. The methods of treatment were conservative for 8 cases, and operation for 4 cases and secondary operation for 5 cases who were failed with conservative therapy. 2. By Severin's radiologic grade, the result was good in 4 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 1 case in conservative treatment. In operative treatment, fair was in 2 cases and poor in 2 cases. In secondary operative -patients who were failed with conservative therapy, good was in 2 cases, fair in 2 cases and poor in 1 case. 3. Avascular necrosis of femoral head was developed in 3 cases. 4. In the good reduction as determined by arthrogram according to Race and Herring, we can get a favorable result in conservative treatment, and in the poor reduction as determined by arthrogram, the better
Child ; Continental Population Groups ; Diagnosis ; Dislocations* ; Early Diagnosis ; Head ; Hip* ; Humans ; Necrosis ; Walking*

PURPOSE: To analyze the anterior stability and functional results after the arthroscopic ACL reconstruc-tion with bone patellar tendon bone autograft in the ACL deficient knee. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 1993 to May 1998, 24 patients were treated by arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with BPTB autograft and followed more than 1 year(range, 12~82 months, average: 30.5 months). Objective stability was estimated under the loading of 15 lb and 20 lb using KT 2000 arthrometer. Functional evaluation system of OAK knee score and Lysholm knee score was used. RESULTS: Average anterior displacement under the loading of 15 lb was 5.4+/-2.4 mmin the reconstructed knee, 4.2+/-1.8 mmin the normal side and under the loading of 20 lb, 8.3+/-3.1 mmin the reconstructed knee, 6.0+/-2.5 mmin the normal side. The percentage of anterior displacement within 3 mmdifference compared with normal side revealed 75% under the loading of 20 lb(89 N) and 87.5% under the loading of 15 lb(68 N). Functional results according to OAK system showed an average 83.8 score, and excellent in 9 cases, good in 9. Lysholm score revealed an average score of 80 and excellent in 5, good in 8. CONCLUSIONS: The arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with BPTB autograft results in good stability and functional results. Effective quadriceps muscle strengthening exercise and rehabilitation is necessary to prevent limitation of range of motion, quadriceps muscle atrophy and anterior knee pain post-operatively.
Atrophy ; Autografts* ; Humans ; Knee* ; Patellar Ligament ; Quadriceps Muscle ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rehabilitation

Recurrence of Rathke’s cleft cysts (RCC) following surgery is not uncommon. We present a 33-yearold male patient with chronic headache and visual disturbances whose MRI showed mostly cystic, suprasellar mass with peripheral enhancement. Endoscopic extended transsphenoidal approach and tumor resection was performed and RCC was pathologically confirmed postoperatively. Early recurrence was first suspected at 3 months following surgery, and his serial MRIs showed a recurred mass without associated clinical symptoms. Upon further histopathological study, extensive squamous metaplasia and high Ki-67 were seen. Also, in this study, we discuss important factors associated with cyst recurrence following surgery.

Primary extraosseous intracranial Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an extremely rare disease, limited to the pediatric population, that primarily originates in the skull. Here, we present an unusual case of adult Ewing’s sarcoma originating from the brain parenchyma. The 50-year-old male patient visited our hospital with severe headache lasting 3 weeks. MRI presented 6.1×6.2×5.2 cm sized heterogeneously enhanced mass containing peritumoral edema in the right frontal lobe. The patient underwent right frontal craniotomy, at which time the gray and red masses adhered to the surrounding brain parenchyma. The mass was completely resected using neuronavigation and electrophysiological monitoring. Histopathological examination revealed ES-compatible findings of small round cell tumor and CD-99 positive membranous immunostaining. Next generation sequencing revealed translocation and fusion of EWSR1 and FLI1, consistent with a confirmed diagnosis of ES. Consequently, the patient underwent postoperative radiotherapy. The present case revealed adult primary intracranial ES arising from the frontal lobe. Although its etiology remains poorly understood, intraparenchymal ES should be included in the differential diagnosis of parenchymal brain tumors.

No abstract available.
Neurofibromatoses*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

BACKGROUND: The interest of medicine was moved from disease treatment to disease prevention and health promotion. Especially, there has been marked increased interest in health promotion recently. Perception and health behaviors held or acquired during medical training can influence the acceptance and prevention strategies. This exploratory study surveyed medical and non-medical student to assess both preventive health behaviors and perception, to find relations of personal behaviors and corresponding perception. METHODS: This survey were conducted 140 medical students and 131 non-medical students in one big city. Data were obtained by self-reported questionnaire. Weschler survey was adapted to assess perception toward preventive behavior, and Fantastic lifestyle was adapt,ed to assess health behavior. RESULTS: Among the questionnaire of perception of preventive behavior, quitting cigarette smoking ranked highest frequency as very important in medical student. In non-medical student, use seat-belt is ranked highest frequency. Mean score of FANTASTIC lifestyle is 29.98 in medical student, 28.86 in non-medical. The result show significant relationship between st,udent-reported behavior and corresponding perception in 6 qestionnaire that is eat breakfast, moderate or no alcohol use, eliminate smoking, use seat belt, limit coffee, get seven hours sleep. CONCLUSIONS: In comparing medical and non-medical students, health perception and health behavior were no significant difference. Overall, the result indicated that the preponderance of respondents that is engaging in health behaviors are high in health perception.
Breakfast ; Coffee ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Health Behavior* ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Life Style ; Seat Belts ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Students, Medical

PURPOSE: Levofloxacin has been widely used because of its broad spectrum and excellent penetration of the prostate. But levofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli (E.coli) has been reported all over the world. We analyzed the annual levofloxacin resistance of E. coli and its risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2005 to 2009, we retrospectively analyzed patients who had undergone a urine analysis and a urine culture at the Outpatient Section of the Department of Urology of Kwangju Christian Hospital. Among them, we chose 509 patients infected by E. coli and evaluated the resistance rate to levofloxacin and its risk factors. RESULTS: The annual rates of levofloxacin resistance of E. coli were 29.49% in 2005, 26.51% in 2006, 40.21% in 2007, 43.20% in 2008, and 31.75% in 2009. A close correlation with the resistance rate was shown in cases that had underlying neurogenic bladder (p=0.002, odds ratio [OR]=4.236), a history of ciprofloxacin (p<0.001, OR=3.753) and levofloxacin (p<0.001, OR=2.996) administration for at least 48 hours in the past year, urolithiasis (p=0.003, OR=3.317), and older age (p<0.001, OR=1.027). CONCLUSIONS: This study from 2005 to 2009 showed that the levofloxacin resistance rates of E. coli were high at over 25%. The risk factors that affected the levofloxacin resistance rates of E. coli were underlying neurogenic bladder, ciprofloxacin administration history, urolithiasis, levofloxacin administration history, and older age. Levofloxacin should be prescribed cautiously in patients with these risk factors until the pathogen is identified.
Ciprofloxacin ; Drug Resistance ; Escherichia coli ; Fluoroquinolones ; Humans ; Odds Ratio ; Ofloxacin ; Outpatients ; Prevalence ; Prostate ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Urinary Tract ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urolithiasis ; Urology

PURPOSE: Levofloxacin has been widely used because of its broad spectrum and excellent penetration of the prostate. But levofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli (E.coli) has been reported all over the world. We analyzed the annual levofloxacin resistance of E. coli and its risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 2005 to 2009, we retrospectively analyzed patients who had undergone a urine analysis and a urine culture at the Outpatient Section of the Department of Urology of Kwangju Christian Hospital. Among them, we chose 509 patients infected by E. coli and evaluated the resistance rate to levofloxacin and its risk factors. RESULTS: The annual rates of levofloxacin resistance of E. coli were 29.49% in 2005, 26.51% in 2006, 40.21% in 2007, 43.20% in 2008, and 31.75% in 2009. A close correlation with the resistance rate was shown in cases that had underlying neurogenic bladder (p=0.002, odds ratio [OR]=4.236), a history of ciprofloxacin (p<0.001, OR=3.753) and levofloxacin (p<0.001, OR=2.996) administration for at least 48 hours in the past year, urolithiasis (p=0.003, OR=3.317), and older age (p<0.001, OR=1.027). CONCLUSIONS: This study from 2005 to 2009 showed that the levofloxacin resistance rates of E. coli were high at over 25%. The risk factors that affected the levofloxacin resistance rates of E. coli were underlying neurogenic bladder, ciprofloxacin administration history, urolithiasis, levofloxacin administration history, and older age. Levofloxacin should be prescribed cautiously in patients with these risk factors until the pathogen is identified.
Ciprofloxacin ; Drug Resistance ; Escherichia coli ; Fluoroquinolones ; Humans ; Odds Ratio ; Ofloxacin ; Outpatients ; Prevalence ; Prostate ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Urinary Tract ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Urolithiasis ; Urology

The biocompatibility of the titanium has been estabilished through various experimental studies such as cell culture toxicity test, pyrogen test, mutagen test and others. In order to confirm biocompatibility after fabrication of titanium and to clarify the difference between the bone reaction after insertion of the lathed titanium rods and the bone reaction after insertion of the finished and polished rods, both rods were implanted into the proximal femur of a rabbit. Histologic reactions in the bone were observed according to the ASTM standards at the intervals of 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 26 weeks after implantation. The result were as follows In 6 weeks after implantation of lathed titanium rods, inflammatory reactions, such as minimal degree infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and lymphocytes were observed in all cases. This was thought to be caused by surgical trauma. However, inflammatory cell infiltration was not seen after implantation of polished and finished rods in all cases. The cellular infiltration and the histologic reaction of the bone after implantation of lathed group were significantly more pronounced than those after implantation of the finished group. In 12 weekt after implantation of lathed rods, two of four cases revealed a minimal degree of cellular infiliration and histologic reaction seemed to be more pronounced in the lathed group, but they were not significant statistically.
Cell Culture Techniques ; Femur ; Lymphocytes ; Neutrophils ; Titanium* ; Toxicity Tests