PURPOSE: To evaluate the functional results of the elbow and the complications after internal fixation for distal humeral fractures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed 38 distal humeral fractures; 12 type A, 7 type B and 19 type C by AO classification. There were six low columnar fractures in type A and nine in type C. Six type C fractures were open. The fracture healing and complications were assessed and the functional result was evaluated by rating system of Jupiter et al. RESULTS: Type A fractures were healed in an average of 10.6 weeks, type B 7.7 weeks and type C 11.5 weeks. Ulnar neuropathy occurred in six cases, loss of fixation in two cases, nonunion in one case, heterotopic ossification in one case and traumatic arthritis in one case. The functional result showed excellent or good in 34 cases (89%) and fair or poor in 4 cases (11%). Open fractures showed significantly worse result than closed fractures. CONCLUSION: To obtain the satisfactory results, stable fixation followed by early motion is required in most distal humeral fractures. Ulnar neuropathy occurs postoperatively in high incidence and the result of open fractures is worse than that of closed fractures.
Arthritis ; Classification ; Elbow* ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Humeral Fractures ; Humerus* ; Incidence ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; Ulnar Neuropathies

In the average adult with a normal immune state, Epstein-Barr virus pneumonia is very rare, especially in the form of interstitial lung disease. According to recent studies, the Epstein-Barr virus is also associated with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, AIDS and Langerhans cell histiocytosis, but not with sarcoidosis. BOOP is caused by lung injury due to an infection or drug intoxication, and is related to connective tissue disease or bone marrow transplantation, but is sometimes idiopathic. We experienced a patient with symptoms and signs of interstitial lung disease, with confirmed BOOP and EBV ingection from an open lung biopsy and serologic examination, respectively Herein, this case is reported, with a review of the literature.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Bronchiolitis Obliterans* ; Bronchiolitis* ; Connective Tissue Diseases ; Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia* ; Herpesvirus 4, Human* ; Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; Lung Injury ; Pneumonia ; Sarcoidosis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hypopharyngeal cancer is notorious for its poor prognosis and severe surgical morbidity with functional deficits. This study was conducted to compare the efficacy between the neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy and surgery with postoperative radiotherapy in the treatment of hypophayngeal cancer. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Medical records of 64 patients, treated for hypopharyneal cancer at Pusan National University Hospital from March 1986 through May 2000, were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty-three patients were grouped into the chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CRTx) group, who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Thirty-one patients were grouped into the operation and radiotherapy (ORTx) group, who received laryngectomy with or without reconstruction and postoperative radiotherapy. RESULTS: There was no significant difference of three years survival rate between CRTx group and ORTx group (p>0.05). Laryngeal preservation rate was 45% in CRTx group but 3% in ORTx group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Although this had not been a randomized study of chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy versus surgery plus postoperative radiotherapy, the survival rate of CRTx group appears to be as identical as ORTx group and more effective in the preservation of the larynx.
Busan ; Drug Therapy* ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms* ; Laryngectomy ; Larynx ; Medical Records ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Organ Preservation ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate