There is not yet a universally acknowledged standard for all kinds of general medical waveform format encoding. Medical Waveform Format Encoding Rules (MFER) presented by Japanese IS&C Committee can parse and describe all kinds of routine medical waveform data. In this paper, MFER's working out, its present situation and characters are expatiated and MFER rules are interpreted in detail. MFER, medical waveform, standard
Algorithms ; Automatic Data Processing ; standards ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

After a study on the characteristic of ECG data, we propose here in this paper a lossless compression method of ECG data, which is based on JPEG2000. It integrates both 1D and 2D compression. The method has been verified through all forty-eight records in MIT-BIH Arrhythmia database. And the result shows that the method has a better compression rate and a good computational efficiency.
Algorithms ; Electrocardiography ; methods ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted

50%.The patients were categorized into as:one-,two-, and three-vessels coronary artery disease group.Central aortic SBP and DBP was measured by cathetarization dur- ing angiography of coronary artery and brachial blood pressure was measured using cuff method.Results Periph- eral SBP,PP and ascending aortic SBP,PP,fractional systolic pressure(FSP=SBP/MAP)were increased and as cending aortic fractional diastolic pressure(FDP=DBP/MAP)was reduced when the diseased coronary vessels were increased(P

When the glomerular mesangial cells of rats were cultured in vitro at high glucose concentration,the activity of extraeellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),the expression of transforming growth factor-?_1(TGF-?_1)mRNA and the content of typeⅣcollagen in the supematant were higher than those at normal glucose concentration.These effects were inhibited by fluvastatin.The results showed that the activation of ERK signal transduction pathways appeared to play a role in the onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy. Furthermore,fluvastatin could protect the kidney by inhibiting ERK signal transduction pathway and TGF-?_1 expression.

OBJECTIVETo explore the image quality of different tube voltage on digital chest radiograph for contrast detail phantom (CDRAD2.0) and occupational exposed workers.

METHODSThe CDRAD2.0 phantom DR images of high KV and different tube voltages were analyzed by 3 readers, image quality figure (IQF) were calculated and compared; at the same time 136 exposed workers were examined with high-kV and DR chest radiograph of different tube voltages. Contrast to high-KV images, 10 anatomic sites were scored .The image differences were compared between DR and high-kV.

RESULTSOn CDRAD2.0 phantom, the IQF value of DR images in 3 readers were minimum in the condition of 120 kV, average value was 22.25. The analysis of variance in model with random effects, the mean IQF value of different tube voltage DR image had a significant difference (F = 13.775, P<0.01); By Dunnett t-tests analysis, the mean IQF value of DR image in 120 kV and high kilovoltage had no difference (t = -0.58, P = 0.979); On clinical cases, the DR image of 120 kV showed the closest anatomy to the high KV, the mean had no significant difference with 0 (P > 0.05) with single sample t test.

CONCLUSIONOn the CDRAD2.0 phantom or clinical exposed workers, the DR image quality of 120 kV tube voltage equals to high-KV basically.

Adult ; Aged ; Dust ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; instrumentation ; methods ; Radiography, Thoracic ; instrumentation ; methods

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Decompression, Surgical ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Leg Injuries ; complications ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo study the metastasis feature of the primary and metastatic lymph node lesions in supraglottic or hypopharyngeal cancer.

METHODSThe expression of CD44 and nm23-H1 in specimens from the primary and metastatic lymph node lesions of the 41 cases with supraglottic or hypopharyngeal cancer were studied with immunohistochemistry method and flow cytometry.

RESULTSNo correlation was found between the expression of CD44, nm23-H1 and the tumor differentiation of the supraglottic or hypopharyngeal cancer, but their expression related with the clinical staging. The CD44 and nm23-H1 positive expression rates in the primary and metastatic lymph node lesions were 75.6% (31/41), 85.4% (35/41) and 34.1% (14/41), 26.8% (11/41) respectively (P >0.05). The average fluorescence index of CD44 and nm23-H1 in the primary and metastatic lymph node lesions were 1.27 +/- 0.18, 1.33 +/- 0.16 and 1.11 +/- 0.19, 1.08 +/- 0.15 (x +/- s) respectively (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe expressions of CD44 and nm23-H1 in the metastatic lymph node tumor had no difference compared with that in primary tumor of the supraglottic or hypopharyngeal cancer. The difference of metastasis potentials between the primary and metastatic lymph node lesions in the same patient was not proved in this study and should be further investigated from multiple oncogens markers.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hyaluronan Receptors ; genetics ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases ; genetics ; Neoplasm Staging

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; isolation & purification ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; methods ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the bond strength of total-etch or self-etch dentin bonding agents after using two different dentin desensitizers on exposed dentin and investigate the bond interface by scanning electron microscope (SEM).

METHODSThirty intact and non-carious human third molars were used. The occlusal enamel was removed with the use of a slow-speed saw under water cooling. These teeth were divided into three groups using a table of random numbers with 10 teeth each. These three groups were treated with water (Group C), UltraEZ (Group U) and MI Paste (Group M) respectively. Then 10 teeth from each group were divided into A subgroup (n = 5) bonded with Single Bond 2 adhesive system and B subgroup (n = 5) bonded with Xeno III adhesive system according to manufacturers' instructions. A block of composite resin was build up to 4-5 mm. All the teeth were sectioned occluso-gingivally to obtain bar-shaped specimens with bonded surface area about 0.9 mm x 0.9 mm. The tension of the sample was tested by a microtensile tester at 1 mm/min. The mean values of bond strength were compared using one-way ANOVA. Three samples were chosen randomly from each of six groups for SEM investigation.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences between Group U and Group C both in A and B subgroups. While there were significant differences between Group M and Group C in two bonding-agent subgroups. For SEM, the hybrid layer was thin and dense in six groups. Both total-etch and self-etch bonding systems could get fair resin tag infiltration in Group C and Group U. In Group M, the resin tags were relatively shorter and fewer than the anterior mentioned two groups.

CONCLUSIONSUltraEZ had no effect on bond strength of both kinds of dentin bonding agents, while MI paste could diminish bond strength.

Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate ; chemistry ; Dental Materials ; Dental Stress Analysis ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; chemistry ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Molar, Third ; Nitrates ; chemistry ; Potassium Compounds ; chemistry