When.direct approximation of the ends of the injured nerves is impossible, nerve autografting is widely used in these days. Authors tried to observe nerve regeneration in time sequence of nerve autografting and tried to find out the most optimal time for nerve autografting in experimental study. The Sprague-Dawley mice were used in performing nerve autografting and it performed with the segment of the opposite sciatic nerve as a donor nerve after resection of a sciatic nerve. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The regeneration of axon can be observed well in the first observation of 2 weeks after nerve autografting within 2 days, but active myelination can be observed apparently 4 weeks after grafting. 2. The groups of grafting within 2 days after nerve resection showed more rapid nerve regeneration and less atrophy of the reinnervated skeletal muscle than the groups of grafting over 1 week after nerve resection did. 3. In case which has been grafted at 4 weeks after nerve resection, there was abundant axonal proliferation at 4 weeks after grafting. 4. Changes of the reinnervated skeletal muscle in the groups of grafting within 2 days were subtle, but the groups of grafting after 1 week showed irregular neurogenic atrophy although nerve regeneration has been active at 8 weeks after grafting. 5. Although the functional effect can not be evaluated exactly, the result of autograft showed relatively good evidence of nerve regeneration even after grafting has been performed 16 weeks after the nerve injury.
Animals ; Atrophy ; Autografts ; Axons ; Humans ; Mice ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Myelin Sheath ; Nerve Regeneration ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Regeneration ; Sciatic Nerve ; Tissue Donors ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Transplants

Most obviuos will be the several anatomic differences between the proximal femur of the child and the adult. Fractures of the femoral neck in the children are extremely rsre and usually are the result of severe trauma in 80% of the cases. This accounts for the high frequency of serious associated injuries. In this injury the vascular anatomy changing with age, continuing growth potential and the effect of deforming forces play critical roles in high complication rate and these make treatment difficult. But still any secure guidelines for the treatment of this injury are not established and this is a field which requires more active research and further progress in future. 26 cases treated at Paik Hospital from Jan. 1979 to June 1988 were analyzed in clinical and radiological aspect and the following results were obtained. 1. The commonest type was Cervicotrochanteric fracture in 13 cases(50%),displaced one 21 cases. 2. In Transepiphyseal, Transcervical and Cervicotrochanteric fracture by early reduction and internal fixation, and in Intertrochanteric fracture by conservative treatment we gained satisfactory results. 3. We experienced 2 cases of coxa vara in nonthreaded pin used cases, 4 cases of premature epiphseal closure and 4 cases of avascular necrosis in threaded pin used ones. 4. Complications were developed in 13 cases (50%). These were 5 cases of coxa vara(19.2%) 4 cases of premature epiphyseal closure (15.4%) and 4 cases of avascul necrosis (15.4%). 5. Avascykar necrosis was developed in displaced fracture of Transcervical or Cervico- trochanteric fracture beyond postoperative 1 year. So. we recommend periodic long follow up for evaluation of avascular necrosis.
Adult ; Child ; Clinical Study ; Coxa Vara ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Necrosis

The ankle joint is a modified complex hinge joint which plays an important role in weight bearing, walking and standing. Injuries about the ankle joint cause destruction of not only bony architecture but often also the ligamentous and soft tissue component. So the goal of the treatment of ankle fracture is restoring normal relations of ankle mortise and regaining a smooth articular surface. The author have reviewed 84 cases of ankle fractures which were treated through the admission in the Orthopedic Department, In Je Medical College Pusan Paik Hospital from June 1979 to August 1986. The average duration of the follow-up was one year. The results obtained from this study were as follows : 1. The most common type was Danis-Weber type C. Nexts were B and A in order. According to the classification of Lauge-Hansen, the most common type was Pronation-external rotstion(39.2%). 2. In Danis-Weber type B and C, satisfactory result was obtained by operative treatment. 3. Danis-Weber's classification was very practical criteria for treatment of the ankle fracture.
Ankle Fractures ; Ankle Joint ; Ankle ; Busan ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Follow-Up Studies ; Joints ; Ligaments ; Orthopedics ; Walking ; Weight-Bearing

No abstract available.
Fetal Development* ; Pregnancy*

We report 22 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia treated with transurethral balloon dilation and followed for six months thereafter. Of these 22 patients, 15 patients(68.2%) demonstrated significant improvement in modified Boyarsky symptom score and/or corrected peak flow rate on six months follow-up.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Prostatic Hyperplasia

Diffuse interstitial lung disease(DILD) is a large group of heterogeneous diseases that diffusely involve the pulmonary connective tissues, principally subpleural, interlobular and alveolar wall portions. Terminology and classification of these diseases are not uniform, and the cause and the pathogenesis are unknown in many entities. It is generally accepted that the response to therapy is related to the relative degree of cellularity and fibrosis present, therefore a histologic evaluation of the relative extent and severity of these changes is required. We reviewed 52 cases of DILD from January 1990 to May 1995 diagnosed by open lung biopsy to reappraise classification and quantitative assessment of the histopathologic features. Differential histopathologic features between usual interstitial pneumonia(UIP) and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia(NIP) were examined with a correlation of HRCT findings and clinical findings. Among 52 cases of DILD, 18 cases(34.6%) were UIP, 6 cases(11.5%) were hypersensitivity pneumonia was NIP was 5 cases(9.6%), interstitial lung diseases associated with the connective tissue diseases were 5 cases(9.6%), inorganic dusts were 4 cases(7.7%), infections were 4 cases(7.7%), durgs were 2 cases(3.8%), acute interstitial pneumonia was 1 case(1.9%), sarcoidosis was 1 case(1.9%) in order of frequency plus 6 other cases(11.5%). UIP was the most frequent DILD in this study which seemed to be a criteria bias of patient selection on open lung biopsy. Quantitative assessment of histopathologic features was useful in the differential diagnosis of DILD and differentiation of UIP from NIP was possible based on histopathologic features and supported by HRCT. UIP disclosed a significantly high score of fibrotic changes, especially in the interstitial fibrosis, smooth muscle proliferation and honeycombing, otherwise NIP appeared relatively high score in inflammatory changes. Correlation between histopathologic scores and the clinical outcome after steroid therapy or no therapy in UIP was not evident.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Biopsy

This study was performed to determine effectiveness and safety of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation for control of intraocular pressure in patients that had not responded to medical treatment and previous glaucoma surgery. Thirty eyes of 30 patients who had undergone Ahmed glaucoma valve implant surgery between April 1996 and October 1997 were reviewed retrospectively. Intraocular pressure(IOP) was reduced from a mean of 35.3+/-13.0mmHg to 14.3+/-5.9 mmHg at follow-up intervals of 6 to 28 months(mean 13.2+/-4.9 months). In 26 eyes(86.7%) IOP could be controlled between 6mmHg and 21mmHg. When surgical success was defined as IOP less than 22mmHg and greater than 5mmHg with or without medications, 9 and 12-months life table success rate(6< OR =IOP< OR =21mmHg) were 89.4% and 85.0%, respectively. Postoperative comlications included shallow anterior chamber in four eyes(13.3%), hypotony in two eyes(6.7%), hyphema in two eyes(6.7%), temporarily uncontrolled IOP(>21mmHg) in two eyes(6.7%), hyphema in two eyes(6.7%), blocked tube in two eyes(6.7%) and anterior chamber inflammation in one eye(3.3%). The result of this study suggests that the Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation is effective in lowering the IOP in patients with intractable glaucoma. However, this drainage device does not climinate early postoperative hypotony with its attendant complication.
Anterior Chamber ; Drainage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Inflammation ; Intraocular Pressure ; Life Tables ; Retrospective Studies

This study was performed to determine effectiveness and safety of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation for control of intraocular pressure in patients that had not responded to medical treatment and previous glaucoma surgery. Thirty eyes of 30 patients who had undergone Ahmed glaucoma valve implant surgery between April 1996 and October 1997 were reviewed retrospectively. Intraocular pressure(IOP) was reduced from a mean of 35.3+/-13.0mmHg to 14.3+/-5.9 mmHg at follow-up intervals of 6 to 28 months(mean 13.2+/-4.9 months). In 26 eyes(86.7%) IOP could be controlled between 6mmHg and 21mmHg. When surgical success was defined as IOP less than 22mmHg and greater than 5mmHg with or without medications, 9 and 12-months life table success rate(6< OR =IOP< OR =21mmHg) were 89.4% and 85.0%, respectively. Postoperative comlications included shallow anterior chamber in four eyes(13.3%), hypotony in two eyes(6.7%), hyphema in two eyes(6.7%), temporarily uncontrolled IOP(>21mmHg) in two eyes(6.7%), hyphema in two eyes(6.7%), blocked tube in two eyes(6.7%) and anterior chamber inflammation in one eye(3.3%). The result of this study suggests that the Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation is effective in lowering the IOP in patients with intractable glaucoma. However, this drainage device does not climinate early postoperative hypotony with its attendant complication.
Anterior Chamber ; Drainage ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glaucoma* ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Inflammation ; Intraocular Pressure ; Life Tables ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Fever*

The aim of this study was to evaluate safety and effectiveness of dermabrader to smooth the wound bed in pterygium surgery. A total dof 69 eyes of 62 patients were divided into two groups according to surgical method. 33 eyes of 29 patients who underwent pterygium surgery with bare-sclera technique and smoothing of the wound bed using dermabrader were included in group 1 and 36 eyes of 33 patients with bare aclera technique only were included in group 2. Postoperatively, the eyes were medically treated with topical mitomycin C(0.02%) two times per day for 5 days in both groups. The mean follow up visit was 12.1+/-2.89 months(range: 9-15months). Recurrence developed in 3(9.1%) of 33 eyes in group 1, while in 12(33.3%) of 36 eyes in group 2. This difference was statistically significant(p<0.05). This result suggests that the excision of pterygium using the bare-sclera technique, smoothing of the wound bed using dermabrader and low dose topical mitomycin C(0.02%) eye drops is a safe and effective method with a low recurrence rate.
Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mitomycin ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Pterygium* ; Recurrence ; Wounds and Injuries